Question · Q3 2025
Gena Huidong Wang inquired about the U.S. COVID revenue, specifically how much of the $781 million was due to inventory build-up at pharmacies, how Moderna tracks pharmacy inventory, and what additional color can be shared regarding the Q4 revenue estimate. She also asked about the learnings from the CMV vaccine's failure to meet its primary efficacy endpoint and why immunogenicity data did not translate to clinical benefit.
Answer
Jamey Mock, Chief Financial Officer, clarified that U.S. sales ultimately reflect 'shots in arms,' which are tracked daily, and the Q3 revenue included shipments to wholesalers. He explained the revised U.S. guidance of $1.0 billion-$1.3 billion reflects anticipated vaccination rates being down 20%-40% year-over-year. Stephen Hoge, President, noted that while detailed data is pending, it appears pentamer neutralizing antibodies, previously hoped to be a key factor, were not sufficient to prevent infection with CMV, a high bar for a herpes virus vaccine.