Martijn Rats

Martijn Rats inquired about Eni's interest in revitalizing its Oil Trading business, including potential partnerships, and sought more color on this strategy.

Answer

COO Guido Brusco outlined a journey to improve trading by creating a single organization, adopting a less risk-averse approach, and exploring new business methods. He confirmed that Eni has initiated dialogues with international trading players in recent months.

Martijn Rats asked for color on Eni's reported interest in revitalizing its oil trading business, including potential partnerships with other firms.

Answer

Guido Brusco (Chief Operating Officer of Global Natural Resources and General Manager, Eni) explained that Eni has created a single organization to consolidate all trading arms, adopted a less risk-averse approach, and is exploring dialogues with international trading players to improve trading and extract more value.

Martijn Rats from Morgan Stanley sought to reconcile the potential for an increased share buyback with the guidance for pro-forma leverage to rise back to the 15-20% range. He also asked for a refresher on the timing of incoming disposal proceeds.

Answer

CFO Francesco Gattei explained that the 15-20% leverage range is wide and based on conservative assumptions for oil prices and downstream margins. He stated that the potential for a buyback uplift and the leverage guidance are fully compatible, as there could be upside from business performance and unannounced portfolio opportunities, making the current view prudent.

Martijn Rats asked if the shareholder payout structure for 2024, specifically the 30-35% of CFFO plus 60% of the upside, could be applied to the company's 2027 CFFO guidance of €17 billion.

Answer

CFO Francesco Gattei responded that it is 'premature' to commit to a specific percentage for 2027. However, he affirmed that the underlying logic of the distribution policy is to improve the payout percentage as the financial strength of the company grows, suggesting a 'natural consequence' of their successful evolution.

Martijn Rats asked about the contribution of Shell's trading operations to the group's 9.4% return on capital in 2025, specifically whether it was at the upper or lower end of the typical 200-400 basis points uplift range. He also sought perspective on the compensation claims from the government of Kazakhstan.

Answer

CFO Sinead Gorman stated that Shell's trading organization had a very good year in 2025, providing an uplift towards the lower end of the 2%-4% ROACE range, despite Q4 being typically softer for crude and products desks. CEO Wael Sawan expressed disappointment regarding the lack of alignment between joint venture partners and the Kazakhstan government on compensation claims, noting that it impacts Shell's appetite for further investment in the country, though he believes there's still potential.

Martijn Rats asked about the contribution of Shell's trading activities to the group's ROACE in 2025, specifically whether it was at the upper or lower end of the typical 200-400 basis points range. He also inquired about the situation in Kazakhstan regarding compensation claims from the government and its impact on Shell's investment appetite.

Answer

CFO Sinead Gorman stated that Shell's trading organization had a good year in 2025, contributing towards the lower end of the 2-4% ROACE uplift range, despite Q4 being typically softer for crude and products desks. CEO Wael Sawan expressed disappointment regarding the lack of alignment between joint venture partners and the government in Kazakhstan, which impacts Shell's appetite for further investment. He noted that Shell is watching the situation carefully and will hold off on new investments until there is better clarity.

Martijn Rats asked for the reasons behind the 10% year-on-year increase in underlying OpEx, and for elaboration on the sale of the Colonial Pipeline stake, considering its potential strategic value for Shell's trading business.

Answer

Shell CFO Sinead Gorman explained the OpEx increase was due to a combination of inflation, new assets ramping up (LNG Canada, Monaca), phasing of divestments, and increased marketing advertising. She noted that nine-month costs were actually 4% down. Regarding Colonial Pipeline, Gorman stated it was not a 'control point' for traders to maximize value, leading to capital reallocation to higher-returning opportunities.

Martijn Rats questioned the 10% year-on-year increase in underlying OpEx and sought elaboration on the divestment of the Colonial Pipeline stake, particularly its impact on the trading business.

Answer

CFO Sinead Gorman attributed the OpEx increase to inflation, new asset ramp-up costs, and marketing spend, noting nine-month costs were 4% down overall. She explained the Colonial Pipeline divestment was driven by traders identifying better capital allocation opportunities elsewhere, as it wasn't a critical control point for maximizing trading value.

Martijn Rats asked for Shell's perspective on the state of global oil demand, noting the strong marketing results seemed to contradict broader market softness. He also inquired whether potential 'anti-involution' measures in China could provide relief to the challenged chemicals market.

Answer

CEO Wael Sawan noted robust year-to-date oil product demand growth of around 1 million barrels per day. He emphasized that Shell's investment thesis is increasingly non-price dependent, focusing on controllable factors like structural cost reductions, capital discipline, and a strong balance sheet. Regarding China, he acknowledged the reports but stated Shell is focused on its own interventions as market changes have not yet materialized.

Martijn Rats asked for Shell's perspective on the state of global oil demand and inquired if potential policy changes in China could bring relief to the challenged chemicals market.

Answer

CEO Wael Sawan noted robust year-to-date oil demand growth of around 1 million barrels per day but highlighted uncertainties for the second half. He pivoted to Shell's investment thesis, emphasizing a focus on non-price-dependent value creation through cost cuts, capital discipline, and buybacks, which form the core of its 10% FCF per share CAGR target.

Martijn Rats asked about the current market conditions for asset disposals and requested an update on the LNG Canada project startup and its expected earnings impact.

Answer

CEO Wael Sawan noted that with major disposals like Nigeria Onshore and Singapore completed, Shell is not under pressure to sell and can focus on its organic growth plan. Executive Sinead Gorman confirmed LNG Canada is on track for its first cargo in mid-2025, but emphasized the sizable earnings and cash impact will be more apparent towards the end of the year as the project ramps up.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley questioned the long-term strategy for Shell's shrinking refining portfolio, asking if it still holds critical mass. He also requested an estimate of the lease obligations associated with the pending Pavilion acquisition.

Answer

Executive Wael Sawan stated that Shell has no plans to exit refining, as the remaining assets are strategic to its leading trading business and provide 'asset-right' infrastructure. Executive Sinead Gorman indicated the lease obligations from the Pavilion deal are expected to be in the $1-$2 billion range, pending completion.

Martijn Rats questioned whether the CapEx reductions in power and low carbon signify a total reduction in these areas or a swap (less organic, more inorganic) similar to the Ørsted stake acquisition. He also asked about the key levers for the 10% OpEx and SG&A reduction target and its absolute dollar impact.

Answer

CEO Anders Opedal clarified that CapEx reductions are not necessarily due to inorganic moves but rather a deliberate choice to raise the bar for winning future CFDs and the non-materialization of hydrogen and CCS projects. He stated that Equinor will not invest in these areas without long-term contracts, cost reductions, and profitable projects. CFO Torgrim Reitan explained that while the reported 10% OpEx and SG&A reduction is significant, it is largely due to the divestment of Peregrino and the establishment of Adura. He noted that underlying OpEx and SG&A are expected to remain flat, with future improvements driven by activity level reductions, early phase cost cuts, staff efficiencies, NCS 2035 work, and AI implementation.

Martijn Rats asked for an interpretation of the CapEx reductions, specifically if they signify less organic investment in power/low carbon or if they anticipate a swap to more inorganic investments. He also inquired about the key levers for the 10% OpEx and SG&A reduction target and its absolute dollar amount.

Answer

President and CEO Anders Opedal clarified that CapEx reductions are due to deliberately not winning certain auctions (raising the bar for CFDs) and the non-materialization of hydrogen/CCS projects, not necessarily a swap to inorganic moves in these areas. He stated Equinor will only invest when markets develop and returns are robust. CFO Torgrim Reitan explained the 10% OpEx/SG&A reduction is significantly colored by inorganic moves (Peregrino divestment, Adura establishment) which lead to equity accounting. He noted underlying OpEx/SG&A is expected to remain flat, with levers including activity level reduction, lower early-phase costs, and efficiency gains, with AI as a future contributor.

Martijn Rats from Morgan Stanley sought clarification on the interpretation of Equinor's $750 million impairment charge, specifically whether it implies that some projects in the portfolio had break-evens well above the new long-term oil price assumption of $75 per barrel.

Answer

Torgrim Reitan, CFO, clarified that the $650 million impairment on U.K. assets (unrelated to the Shell transaction) was primarily driven by lower oil price assumptions, but significantly impacted by these assets being held for sale and thus not depreciated since the beginning of the year. He also noted that part of this asset base was linked to the Suncor acquisition (Buzzard Field). Additionally, two Gulf of Mexico assets were impaired, mainly due to price, with one having operational challenges for several years.

Martijn Rats questioned the $750 million impairment charge triggered by a lower long-term oil price assumption of $75 per barrel, asking if this implies that some projects in Equinor's portfolio had break-evens well above this figure.

Answer

CFO Torgrim Reitan clarified that the U.K. assets, impaired by $650 million, were primarily affected by the lower oil price assumption. A significant factor was that these assets are classified as 'held for sale' and have not been depreciated since the beginning of the year, which inflated the impairment. Part of this also relates to acquisition costs from the Suncor Buzzard Field. Additionally, two Gulf of Mexico assets were impaired, mainly due to price assumptions, with one having faced operational challenges for several years. He emphasized that the remainder of the asset portfolio is robust against impairments.

Martijn Rats asked about the risk of missing the offshore installation weather window for Empire Wind and the potential NPV impact of a one-year delay. He also inquired if tax losses from the project could be consolidated and used to offset profits in Equinor's U.S. E&P business.

Answer

Torgrim Reitan, an Equinor executive, emphasized the situation's urgency, stating the project is in a critical phase with the installation window happening "now." He noted the complexity involves more than just weather, including contractors and financing. He confirmed that a common U.S. corporate structure is in place, allowing tax losses from Empire Wind to be available to the upstream business.

Martijn Rats requested an update on the Rosebank project, focusing on the ongoing court case and tax uncertainties, and asked if the 2024 CapEx reduction could extend to future years.

Answer

Executive Torgrim Reitan described Rosebank as a robust project but acknowledged risks from potential tax changes in the U.K. and a pending judicial review on Scope 3 emissions. He explained the 2024 CapEx reduction stems from project phasing, currency effects, and lower renewables spend, adding that future guidance will be provided in February.

Martijn Rats from Morgan Stanley inquired about the quarterly impact of overlift and underlift on volumes and revenue, and asked for an update on the recovery of European industrial gas demand.

Answer

Executive Torgrim Reitan explained that overlift and underlift effects fluctuate quarterly and do not carry forward, noting the recent overlift was related to assets in Norway, Angola, and Azerbaijan. He confirmed that European industrial gas demand has continued to grow by approximately 10%, but highlighted that demand from Asia, particularly China, and weather patterns are more significant drivers for LNG pricing.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley questioned how Equinor's shareholder distributions can be competitive if its CapEx as a percentage of CFFO appears higher than peers. He also asked if the company might shift from an annual to a quarterly buyback guidance framework.

Answer

EVP & CFO Torgrim Reitan addressed the CapEx comparison by explaining the distorting effect of the Norwegian tax system. With a 78% tax deduction on NCS spending, the after-tax CapEx is significantly lower, making the ratio more comparable to peers than it appears. On buyback guidance, he stated that any potential changes to the annual communication framework are not under discussion and would be announced at a major event like a Capital Markets Day.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley questioned how Equinor's distributions can be competitive if its CapEx as a percentage of CFFO appears high relative to peers. He also asked if the company might shift from annual to quarterly buyback guidance.

Answer

EVP & CFO Torgrim Reitan explained that direct comparisons of CapEx to CFFO are distorted by the Norwegian tax system, where the 78% tax deductibility of CapEx makes the after-tax investment significantly lower and more comparable to peers. He stated that any changes to the buyback communication policy are not a topic for discussion today and would be addressed at a major event like a Capital Markets Day.

Martijn Rats asked about the surprising strength of new LNG FIDs despite a projected market surplus, its impact on TotalEnergies' future LNG FID decisions, and whether the ADR conversion to NYSE-listed ordinary shares could affect the buyback program or French tax proposals.

Answer

Patrick Pouyanné, Chairman and CEO, discussed the LNG market, noting that while many FIDs are announced, financing and permitting are crucial. He mentioned postponing Cameron 24 due to high CapEx and focusing on lowering CapEx for projects like Path One Eugenia. He clarified that the ADR conversion will not impact the buyback program, which will primarily be executed on the Paris market, and will not avoid French tax proposals, which he views as politically driven and likely to face legal challenges. He also corrected the Mozambique budget figure to $20-20.5 billion.

Martijn Rats questioned the strong pace of new LNG Final Investment Decisions (FIDs) despite a projected market surplus, asking how this impacts TotalEnergies' own FID strategy, and whether the conversion of ADRs to ordinary shares could affect the buyback program or help avoid French tax proposals.

Answer

Patrick Pouyanné, Chairman and CEO, clarified that the ADR conversion (9-10% of shares) would not impact the buyback program, which will be executed on the Paris market, nor would it avoid French tax proposals, citing principles of rule of law. Regarding LNG FIDs, he noted that many announcements don't materialize, emphasizing the importance of financing and CapEx discipline, and clarified the Mozambique budget is $20-20.5 billion, not $25 billion, with a 2029 delivery target.

Martijn Rats from Morgan Stanley asked for clarification on the refining outlook, questioning the cautious long-term view despite strong current margins, and requested an update on the Mozambique LNG project.

Answer

Patrick Pouyanné, Chairman & CEO, explained that strong diesel prices, driven by structural changes in Russian flows and a lighter global crude slate, are supporting current refining margins. On Mozambique, he emphasized that the company is working to ensure a 'very strong alignment' between the government and investors, which he deemed absolutely necessary before re-engaging on the major project.

Martijn Rats inquired about Europe's real appetite for Russian pipeline gas over the next 12 months and asked for clarity on the Q2 LNG price realization guidance, particularly the outlook for Q3 given recent spot price declines.

Answer

CEO Patrick Pouyanné stated he would be "very surprised" to see a significant return of Russian gas to Europe in the next 12 months, citing political will and a focus on security of supply favoring U.S. LNG. On LNG pricing, he explained the Q2 guidance of $9-$9.5/MMBtu accounts for spot uncertainty. He confirmed that the Q2 drop in oil prices will impact Q3 results due to contract lags and agreed that a drop to the $8-$8.5 range was a "reasonable" possibility, though the market remains fluid.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley questioned the rationale for providing specific Q3 European gas price guidance and asked for an update on the potential move of the company's primary listing to the U.S.

Answer

CEO Patrick Pouyanné clarified the $8-$10/MMBtu gas price guidance reflects the typical summer season with high storage levels and is not extraordinary, though still a good price historically. Regarding the U.S. listing, he reiterated the plan is not to move the headquarters but to transform the ADRs into ordinary shares cross-listed in Paris and New York to improve liquidity and attract more U.S. investors. He noted technical progress is being made.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley asked if the quarterly share buyback could increase from its $2 billion base level given higher oil prices, and also questioned the strategic rationale behind the SapuraOMV acquisition in Malaysia.

Answer

CEO Patrick Pouyanné confirmed that if higher cash flows from sustained oil prices materialize, the company would consider increasing buybacks, with a decision likely mid-year or in September. Regarding SapuraOMV, he explained the deal provides a material, operated gas position in a prolific Malaysian basin, with production priced as a netback from LNG, strengthening its partnership with Petronas and its overall strategy in Southeast Asia.

Martijn Rats of Morgan Stanley asked for guidance on two often-overlooked line items crucial for modeling: minority interests and adjusting items, which have been significant. He also questioned whether the imported platform for the Kasquita project in the U.S. would be subject to an import tariff and its potential economic impact.

Answer

Executive Murray Auchincloss stated that the Kasquita platform, as a finished good, is not expected to be subject to a tariff. He noted that providing guidance on volatile 'adjusting items' is difficult due to their nature. Executive Katherine Thomson explained the recent increase in non-controlling interests (NCI) was due to pre-issued hybrids, but the associated costs are largely offset by interest income. She expects the NCI level to remain stable until the hybrid stack is potentially reduced.