Applied Digital - Q1 2024

Transcript

Operator (participant)

Good morning, and welcome to Applied Digital's Fiscal First Quarter 2024 conference call. My name is Rob, and I'll be your operator for today. Before this call, Applied Digital issued its financial results for the fiscal first quarter, ended August 31, 2023, in a press release, a copy of which will be furnished in a report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC and will be available in the Investor Relations section of the company's website. Joining us on today's call are Applied Digital's Chairman and CEO, Wes Cummins, and CFO, David Rench. Following their remarks, we'll open the call for questions. Before we begin, Alex Kovtun from Gateway Group will make a brief introductory statement. Mr. Kovtun, please proceed.

Alex Kovtun (Director)

Great. Thank you, operator. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Applied Digital's Fiscal First Quarter 2024 conference call. Before management begins their formal remarks, we would like to remind everyone that some statements we're making today may be considered forward-looking statements under securities laws and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. As a result, we caution you that there are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. For more detailed risks, uncertainties, and assumptions relating to our forward-looking statements, please see the disclosures in our earnings release and public filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We disclaim any obligation or undertaking to update forward-looking statements to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made, except as required by law.

We will also discuss non-GAAP financial metrics and encourage you to read our disclosures and the reconciliation tables, applicable GAAP measures in our earnings release carefully as you consider these metrics. We refer you to our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission for detailed disclosures and descriptions of our business, as well as uncertainties and other variable circumstances, including, but not limited to, risks and uncertainties identified under the caption Risk Factors in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q. You may get Applied Digital's Securities and Exchange Commission filing for free by visiting the SEC website at www.sec.gov. I would also like to remind everyone that this call is being recorded and will be made available for replay via a link available in the Investor Relations section of Applied Digital's website. Now, I will turn the call over to Applied Digital's Chairman and CEO, Wes Cummins. Wes?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Thanks, Alex, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining our fiscal first quarter 2024 conference call. I want to start by thanking our employees for their ongoing hard work and service in advancing our mission of providing digital infrastructure solutions to the rapidly growing high-performance computing industry. Before turning the call over to our CFO, David Rench, for a detailed review of our financial results, I'd like to briefly discuss some recent developments across our business. Let's start with our existing blockchain hosting operations. We aim to have all three of our blockchain hosting facilities fully online shortly, with high reliability and performance for our customers. Our 100-megawatt Jamestown facility continues to perform as expected and operates at full capacity with consistent uptime throughout the quarter. This marks the fourth consecutive quarter in which the Jamestown facilities has operated at full capacity.

Our 180-MW Ellendale facility in North Dakota was fully energized and became fully operational during the first quarter of fiscal year 2024 and contributed to our results this quarter. The facility is fully online and operating with consistent uptime during the second quarter, bringing our total hosting capacity to 280 MW across our North Dakota facilities, all of which are contracted out to customers on multi-year terms. In September, we entered into a facilities extension agreement with Oncor for the transmission and metering of power to our Garden City, Texas, facility. With this in place, metering and telemetry equipment owned by the power provider will be installed, and once complete, the site will be energized. This installation is expected to be completed by October 23rd.

Once our Garden City facility becomes fully energized, we will have approximately 500 MW of hosting capacity across our three facilities. We expect our three sites to produce around $300 million in revenue and $100 million in EBITDA on an annualized basis. Presence of all three operational facilities with high uptime will provide us with consistent cash flow, supporting our capital requirements for the build-out of our HPC data centers and purchasing GPUs to service our AI cloud customers. Let's move to our AI cloud services, which launched this calendar year to provide accelerated computing power for AI applications. Our AI cloud service continues to ramp up as we make further progress in supporting our existing contracts and pursue additional opportunities in our pipeline.

In July, we activated the first cluster of GPUs for Character.AI, and since then, have made meaningful progress, receiving our second cluster of GPUs in September, with the expectation of receiving additional GPUs this month. Since our last earnings announcement, we have added two additional AI cloud customers. Both customers have an established user base and are growing quickly. These customer agreements have a similar structure to our first two. They also include significant prepayments to fund a large portion of the capital requirements for purchasing the GPUs. This brings our total annual contract value of AI cloud services contracts at full capacity to approximately $378 million.

In addition to substantial prepayments we receive from customers, we are using vendor financing and actively exploring other tailored financing options to support the capital requirements for the 34,000 GPUs we have on order to support our cloud service. We remain on track for delivery of the majority of these GPUs by April of next year. Our established partnerships with leading OEMs like Supermicro, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, and Dell, combined with our recent Elite partner status in NVIDIA's partner network, provide us with visibility into the delivery timeline, ensuring timely receipt of these GPUs. As previously mentioned, we will initially provide this service from our 9-megawatt HPC Jamestown facility, along with third-party colocation space, as we continue to execute on the element of our dedicated next-gen HPC data centers. The pipeline of opportunities for our AI cloud service business remains robust.

We look forward to capitalizing further on this opportunity and providing further updates on our newly signed customers going forward. Lastly, let me provide a quick update on our purpose-built HPC data centers. We have 300 MW of capacity in development and have begun initial groundwork for our Ellendale facility. In order to proceed with the construction of these facilities and obtain the necessary financing, we're in the process of securing a credit-rated anchor tenant. We have been actively engaged in ongoing discussions with several potential anchor tenants for our Ellendale and Utah facilities. Similar to our new customers for our AI cloud service, we will provide more information once available. We aim to secure an anchor tenant customer for each facility and have these facilities fully energized and operational within the next 24 months.

With that, I now turn the call over to our CFO, David Rench, to walk you through our financials and provide an update on guidance before providing my closing remarks. David?

David Rench (CFO)

Thanks, Wes, and good morning, everyone. Revenues for the fiscal first quarter of 2024 were $36.3 million, compared to $6.9 million for the fiscal first quarter of 2023. The increase in hosting revenues was driven by an increase in online capacity due to Ellendale, North Dakota, site being operational and revenue from the company's first AI cloud service contract, which began during the three months ended August 31, 2023. Cost of revenues for the fiscal first quarter of 2024 was $24.4 million, compared to $6.1 million for the fiscal first quarter of 2023. The increase in costs was attributable to higher energy costs used to generate hosting revenues, depreciation, amortization expense, and personnel expenses for employees directly working on our Jamestown and Ellendale hosting facilities.

Operating expenses for the fiscal first quarter of 2024 were $17.1 million, compared to $5 million in the prior year comparable period. The increase was primarily due to personnel-related costs as a result of the increase in headcount, as well as an increase in depreciation. Net loss for the fiscal first quarter of 2024 was $9.6 million, or a loss of $0.10 per basic and diluted share, based on a weighted average share count during the quarter of approximately 100.5 million. This compares to a net loss of $4.7 million, or a loss of $0.05 per basic and diluted share in the fiscal first quarter of 2023, based on a weighted average share count during the quarter of approximately 93.1 million.

Adjusted net income, a non-GAAP measure for the fiscal first quarter of 2024, was $0.1 million, or adjusted net income per basic and diluted share of less than $0.01, based on a weighted average share count during the quarter of approximately 100.5 million. This compares to an adjusted net loss, a non-GAAP measure of $3.4 million, or a loss of $0.04 per basic and diluted share for the fiscal first quarter of 2023, based on a weighted average share count during the quarter of approximately 93.1 million. Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure for the fiscal first quarter of 2024, was $10 million, compared to an adjusted EBITDA loss for the fiscal first quarter of 2023 of $1.9 million.

Lastly, on the balance sheet, we ended the fiscal first quarter with $31.2 million in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, and $44 million in debt. During the fiscal first quarter of 2024, we received $39.5 million in customer payments due to the structure of our commercial arrangements with our customers that incorporate upfront deposits and prepayments. In certain contracts, the prepayments are amortized back to the customer over the first year of their contract with no impact on revenue recognition. But the timing of cash flow with upfront cash to us is a major benefit for the company, and that it helps our CapEx funding needs as we build out our data centers. Since the quarter close, we have received an additional $15 million in customer prepayments and are expecting an additional $23 million this week.

Now, turning to guidance for the full year fiscal 2024, we are reaffirming our expectations for revenue in the range of $385 million-$405 million, and Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $195 million-$205 million. Now I'll turn the call over to Wes for closing remarks.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Thank you, David. As we look ahead, we remain confident in our competitive advantages and differentiated capabilities to meet the sophisticated and demanding requirements for businesses and enterprises to run AI workloads and other emerging HPC applications. I remain optimistic about the future of Applied Digital as we solidify our leadership in next-generation digital infrastructure for both blockchain and non-blockchain HPC use cases during this era of digital transformation. I'd like to thank all of our team members for their dedication in making Applied what it is today, and our shareholders for trusting us in our mission and execution. We're now happy to take questions. Operator?

Operator (participant)

Thank you. We'll now be conducting a question and answer session. If you'd like to ask a question at this time, please press star one from your telephone keypad, and a confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue... You may press star two if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants that are using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please, while we poll for questions. Thank you. Thank you. Our first question comes from the line of Rob Brown with Lake Street Capital. Please proceed with your questions.

Rob Brown (Founding Partner and Senior Equity Research Analyst)

Good morning.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Good morning, Rob.

Rob Brown (Founding Partner and Senior Equity Research Analyst)

First question's on your efforts for anchor customers in the AI business. I know you can't give too much detail, but, but maybe a sense of the sizing of the center. Do they need to fill out a whole center before you kick off? And how does that sort of kind of scope out to get really to make the decision to kick off a data center build?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. So, I think we've so in the past, we've talked about this, and it remains the same, which is we, we think we need to contract roughly 70% of the capacity. It doesn't have to be one customer, but we think we need to contract that, you know, on, on a reasonable, you know, say, 8, you know, 7-10-year contracts, with renewals, to, to kick off the construction, and, and we're in process of securing that. But Rob, the way I think about these is kicking off roughly 100 MW in North Dakota, shortly, and then followed up with, a 100 in, in Utah, and then come back, you know, kind of mid-next year for the second 100 in, in North Dakota.

Rob Brown (Founding Partner and Senior Equity Research Analyst)

Okay, great. Great. And then on the ramp of the AI business, it depends on getting the GPUs sort of, you know, delivered. How do you sort of see that ramping of the GPUs you've ordered? How do you see those coming in, in terms of the ability to ramp up that business?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. We-- I think at this point, we're getting pretty good visibility on delivery schedules. It's gotten better since our last call. As I mentioned in the prepared remarks, we received our second cluster in September. Expect to receive more this month and really expect to start to receive large volumes in November, December, and January.

Rob Brown (Founding Partner and Senior Equity Research Analyst)

Okay, great. Thank you. I'll turn it over.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of George Sutton with Craig-Hallum. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker 10

Good morning. This is Adam on for George. Wes, starting with Garden City, could you provide a little more detail on the pace of energization once Oncor has installed their equipment?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yes, sure. You know, the date that we mentioned in the prepared remarks and in the press release is the expectation that everything will be ready to go for energization. We should start energizing that day, and then the ramp should be faster than we've seen at our North Dakota facilities, where we were continuing to, you know, finish buildings and energize them. It'll still take, you know, weeks to energize, but it won't be the months that we've seen in both Jamestown and Ellendale, because every, you know, construction is complete, the miners are racked and ready to turn on, and so it should go much faster.

So at some point, you know, in kind of November, you know, mid- to late November, should be fully online from the, that late October start, the 23rd.

Speaker 10

Great. Thank you. One more follow-up for me. With respect to current construction efforts, are there any milestones that you need to hit before, you know, you face more adverse weather?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah, in North Dakota, you know, we're... We've started on the groundwork there, and it's kind of the same thing we did last year, which is, you know, it's- it'll be a little bit of a rush to get foundations poured, to be able to work through the winter, to enclose the facility and work through the winter there. And so that's what we're doing right now.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Our next question is from the line of John Todaro with Needham and Company. Please proceed with your questions.

John Todaro (Senior Analyst)

Great. Thanks for taking my question, guys. One here on the Sai Computing business, just trying to understand, you know, first off, congrats on adding a few more contracts. You know, kind of what is the capacity out there? Can- is there more contracts we can add now, or are you looking to get those, those HPC sites on, and anchor tenants there? Just kind of wondering really kind of how much capacity, if we can expect any more contracts to come online.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah, we have some more capacity, not a lot, until we start to bring our own facilities online. So, John, if we walk through the kind of the math on the site compute side. So, roughly every 1,000 GPUs, you know, generates approximately $1.5 million of revenue per month. And we've talked about, you know, before, about getting to 26,000 on, you know, by April. And so that gets you to, you know, call it a $460 million plus annual revenue business. And then when we go from April on, we'll be looking to put it in our own facilities.

So through that ramp in April, you know, we have our Jamestown facility, and then we've secured third-party colo to support that ramp, and then we're looking to put further deployments in our own facilities.

John Todaro (Senior Analyst)

Got it. Okay, great. That's, that's helpful. Thanks. And then I guess just on the, the timeline too, so that when you guys increased from 26,000 to 34,000 GPUs, just any kind of color from the suppliers, did it seem like certainly doable, or is that, you know, what is the difficulty in kind of getting that? I know you guys said you're tracking, but any more color there would be helpful.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. Those are what we expect to deploy post, you know, April of next year. We've added those in because of, again, the pipeline of demand that we're seeing. You should think about those being added after April. The 26 that we talked about on the last call being added through April, and then the additional, you know, 8 being added post. I would, you know, continue to think about it—it's 8 right now, but we'll see where the demand comes through. If we need to expand that, we should have our own data center capacity coming online to support that.

Darren Aftahi (Research Analyst of Digital Assets, Infrastructure, and Blockchain)

Okay, got it. Thanks for that. Appreciate it.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yep.

Operator (participant)

The next question comes from the line of Lucas Pipes with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Lucas Pipes (Managing Director)

Thank you very much, operator. Good morning, everyone. My first question is on guidance, and with the delays at Garden City, should we think kind of more of the EBITDA and revenue contribution having shifted to AI Cloud? Thank you very much for walking me through those changes.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. Thanks, Lucas, for the question. So the... You know, given what I just said about the AI cloud, you can kind of walk through, as you know, GPUs are deployed, how that steps up throughout the year, but it'll be a fairly steep ramp, especially in our last two quarters as these come online. You know, we'll get the deliveries. We got the delivery in September, we'll get additional in October, and then I think the deliveries really ramp for us in November, December, and somewhat into January. So, as you see those come online, you'll see a pretty steep revenue ramp on the cloud business through the remainder of the year, that should, you know, make up for the delay that we've seen in Garden City.

Lucas Pipes (Managing Director)

Thank you, Wes. On the HPC side, can you walk us through the capital intensity with many of the planning completed, from what I understand? In terms of financing, what are your current targets for debt to equity? Is it project financing that would cover the majority of the capital needs? I would appreciate your thoughts on that. Thank you.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah, sure. And so on the data center business, and we'll go through this in great detail on Thursday, but I think a lot of people have seen, so we redesigned the data center with the knowledge we have now. So what we built in Jamestown, which was the initial build that we talked about, you know, it was single level, horizontal, because that's the cheapest way to do it. And, you know, we have plenty of land in North Dakota, and so it was gonna be just build it as far as you wanted to horizontally.

Now that we know how these workloads work and the necessity of them being, you know, all, you know, much higher density, closer to the network core, we redesigned our structure to a three-story structure that, you know, has a network core that runs through the middle so that you can get much more, you know, density, specifically for training and then, and somewhat for inference. With that redesign, you should be thinking, you know, we talked before about kind of $4 million-$4.5 million. We're looking more around $6 million-$6 million per megawatt to build those facilities. We think with the work that we have done, that we can get roughly at 80% loan to cost for construction. This looks much more like data center.

So we get, you know, secure that tenant or tenants, that are credit rated, then we can put the construction financing in place. And then there's an equity component, but, you know, it's, we call it site-level equity, and you can get, you know, financing partners on the equity component of that as well, that we're, you know, we've spent a lot of time talking to there. And you should, you know, it, it's usually in the data center industry, it's called the equity financing. Again, it's at a site level, but I think of it more as what we would see in the capital markets as like mezz debt. So, you know, we're working through all those pieces of the capital structure to finalize and start the initial build in North Dakota.

I guess it's technically, Lucas, not our initial build. It's the initial build of this design.

Lucas Pipes (Managing Director)

Understood. Understood. Thank you very much, Wes. I'll try to squeeze one more in. In terms of the 34,000 GPUs today versus 26,000 GPUs previously, would those be related to the additional two customers you announced or are there other moving pieces there?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

There, there's other moving pieces. It's really more related to the demand we continue to see. We haven't seen demand in this area slow down. I think if you know, go look through the capital raising in the industry hasn't slowed down. There was a, you know, large deal, I think, announced with Anthropic was that last week with AWS. But we're still seeing, you know, robust funding environment for the companies that will be customers for us. We see good demand, really strong demand in our pipeline, and so it's really just a decision based upon what we're seeing from a demand perspective.

Lucas Pipes (Managing Director)

Okay. Very helpful. I appreciate it, and to you and the team, best of luck.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Thanks, Lucas.

Operator (participant)

Next question come from the line of Darren Aftahi with Roth MKM. Please receive your question.

Darren Aftahi (Research Analyst of Digital Assets, Infrastructure, and Blockchain)

Hey, guys. Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. Wes, could you speak a little bit more to the cadence on the GPU orders? I'm just kind of curious. You talked month to month in September and in October. Are those numbers getting bigger relative to the initial 1,000 order? I guess, why is the cadence kind of hockey sticked up into November, December, and January per your comments? Is that just a function of backlog? I guess, what's your confidence that that number isn't kind of pushed out further into 2024?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. So it's a good question, Darren. So what we saw in September is our second, you know, 1,024 cluster, 1,024 GPUs, being delivered. And in October, we could see that be doubled and then get, you know, significantly bigger in November and December and into January. And it's just the, you know, our order book that we put in back in, you know, the May timeframe starting to be delivered. You get small pieces, and then it's the schedule that we've been given, as far as when deliveries will happen, you know, really between now and the end of the calendar year. So that's what gives us that confidence in the deliveries. Can things be pushed?

I mean, it could always happen, I suppose, but it seems that we've, you know, this is probably, trying to think of when it was, maybe three weeks ago, you know, we're given or a little bit longer than that, kind of a firmer delivery schedule from our suppliers. So feel pretty good about the deliveries for us. And I think it's just a matter of, you know, when we ordered those and when they're being shipped out, and kind of the cadence of that ramping up over the next three months. I don't know. I don't think it's for me to say whether there's, you know, better supply in the industry or not, or if it's just related specifically to us. That, I don't know.

Darren Aftahi (Research Analyst of Digital Assets, Infrastructure, and Blockchain)

That's helpful. Thank you. And then just, one last one for me. On the anchor tenant with HPC, do you have multiple tenants you're talking to? And I guess in terms of slotting people in, I mean, how close are we to, North Dakota vis-a-vis Utah? And then I assume, your data center financing is probably gonna be right behind that based on kinda your, your prior comments. So if you just kinda walk through... I'm just trying to understand kinda anchor tenant demand relative to the capacity you have and then kind of the longer-term plans. Thanks.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Sure. So we're seeing a lot of interest. We've been having these conversations for a few months now, and then in the first week, the end of the first week of September, we finalized our design. And so we've been, you know, in a what I would call a formal marketing process from that point until now. And we'll move that into an LOI stage and then into a contracting stage over the next, you know, few weeks or month. So that's the expectation, but that's kind of how it's come together, is it really started a formal process in call it, you know, mid-September, and we hope to conclude that, you know, in the coming weeks.

But the interest is high, and we'll go through this in more detail on Thursday. But, you know, it's the demand for this style of data center with this type of density, because we've been both in the, you know, out getting colocation space for ourselves on the cloud side and then talking to potential customers on this, on the data center side, for building our own. We're seeing, you know, a huge amount of demand, and really demand for power that is available and capacity that can come online, you know, over the next 24-36 months.

Darren Aftahi (Research Analyst of Digital Assets, Infrastructure, and Blockchain)

Thank you.

Operator (participant)

The next question is from the line of Mike Grondahl with Northland Securities. Please proceed with your questions.

Mike Grondahl (Head of Equities, Director of Research and Senior Research Analyst)

Hey, guys. Thanks. A couple questions. The first on potential anchor tenants. Would you say the potential anchor that you're gonna announce near term is that still sort of wide open, meaning there's still multiple 5, 6, 7 big potential anchors out there you're talking to? Or have one or two kinda made it way down the funnel, and you're just kind of finalizing who it might be out of a very small group?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

So, Mike, I would say that we're right in the, I would say, in the middle of the kind of the two scenarios that you described. So the funnel has gotten smaller, but we're not right at the end yet. Does that... If that makes sense.

Mike Grondahl (Head of Equities, Director of Research and Senior Research Analyst)

Got it. Yeah, just trying to understand. And then on the prepayment, you mentioned $39.5 million in the August quarter, and then I think a $15 million prepayment and a $23 million prepayment you expect this week. Can you say, are the $15 and the $23, are those from customer 3 and 4, or do those relate back to customer 1 and 2?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

It's both. It's both for those prepayments. The ones that we talked about that we've received already, and then the ones we expect or one we expect to receive this week.

Mike Grondahl (Head of Equities, Director of Research and Senior Research Analyst)

Got it. Got it. And then lastly, the 1,024 GPUs in August that you put to work, did they all go to customer one?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

So those came in September, Mike, and they are for Customer One.

Mike Grondahl (Head of Equities, Director of Research and Senior Research Analyst)

Okay. Hey, thanks, guys.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yep.

Operator (participant)

Our next question is from the line of Kevin Dede with H.C. Wainwright. Please proceed with your questions.

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

Hi, Wes. Thanks for taking the question. You know, maybe you could just help me understand a little bit better how you're thinking about AI cloud versus AI host, and how that might figure in your calculus, your construction calculus.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

In what way, Kevin?

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

Well, I guess what I'm wondering is when you go look for your anchor tenants, are you looking at them purely from a cloud customer perspective, or are you looking at perhaps from a host perspective, where they're bringing their own GPUs?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah, yeah. So the anchor tenants are absolutely a hosting business for us, where they will bring their own equipment. It's just a data center hosting business for us. When you think about anchor tenants and for these data centers, you know, we've talked about the idea is, you know, 70% goes to the colocation hosting style business, and then we keep, you know, 30% for our own cloud capacity.

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

You said you're comfortable in seeking colocation that you need for to support the 26,000-34,000 GPUs you have coming in. How do you figure moving them once they're at their colocation to your own facilities, once they're ready?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

So, we won't ever move those installations. And the way that I think about it from a cloud service perspective is a lot of that colocation is in what I would call kind of traditional cloud regions. And as we ramp up capacity in North Dakota, it's really being built for very large training clusters. And so I think about the training portion of the business that's being deployed in smaller training clusters in these cloud regions, you know, moving over to the infrastructure that gets put in place in North Dakota, and then using the smaller clusters that we're building out now as inferencing.

Which, you know, I think the way this market splits is there'll be training, you know, and batch inference, and then some inferencing done in these large facilities like we're building in North Dakota. And then a lot of the inference, you know, portion of the market will be more in what I would call traditional cloud regions. And so it works well for our cloud business over time to have that type of, you know, architecture of just being spread into more cloud regions for the inferencing portion of the business, while a lot of the training will move into North Dakota.

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

Okay. The redesign that you did in September, Wes, for your new Ellendale facility, did you have to rethink latency, or did you have to be more concerned about power backup on those? Or do you still think you can operate under the conditions that you built for in Jamestown?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

No, so it, it's not about latency or necessarily power backup. It's about... It's redesigned specifically for density. So it's designed to be able to basically take a network core and go through multiple floors and put all of the GPUs. So the design here for the new North Dakota facility, it's really around, you know, kind of this magic number of, I call it 30 meters, being the magic number of how far, you know, a rack can be away from the network core and still be, you know, in the same cluster, same spine for networking. You technically, Kevin, can go out to 50 meters away from the network core, but you have to use a single-mode transceiver on optics instead of multi-mode, so it gets more expensive, a little more difficult.

So it's, it's really designed around how many racks and how many servers can we get within 30 meters of the network core, and, and so that's why it goes through multiple levels in the building instead of the single level. That's the primary piece of the redesign.

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

What are the heat implications, though, if you've got, you know, multiple racks stacked, right, and heat's tendency to rise?

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yeah. So this is a liquid cool facility. That's the other part of the redesign. So it was air cool. You can effectively do air cool, our opinion, up to, you know, call it roughly 50 kW per rack. But as you start to go above that, you really need to move to a liquid cool solution. And so the new facility is designed for liquid cool. The new facility will go to 150 kW per rack. It can still, it still has the floor space to do it at 45 kW, which is what we're doing in Jamestown. But, but we've-- this will be built for liquid cooling.

Kevin Dede (Managing Director and Senior Technology Analyst)

Okay. Thanks, Wes. Appreciate it. Appreciate the detail.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Yep. Sure.

Operator (participant)

As a reminder, if you'd like to ask a question today, you may press star one from your telephone keypad. For those of you using speaker phone, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please, while we poll for questions. Thank you. Thank you. At this time, this concludes our question and answer session. I'd now like to turn the call back over to Wes Cummins.

Wes Cummins (Chairman and CEO)

Thank you, operator, and thanks everyone for joining our call. Look forward to speaking with you on Thursday at our Investor Day, which will be held in Midtown Manhattan. Again, thanks to all of our employees for the efforts they put in the last quarter and this quarter to date. Look forward to speaking with you on our next quarterly call.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Thank you for joining us today for Applied Digital's conference call. You may now disconnect.