Brookline Bancorp - Earnings Call - Q1 2025
April 24, 2025
Executive Summary
- Q1 2025 delivered stable topline and margin expansion: net interest income rose to $85.8M and net interest margin expanded 10 bps to 3.22%, with total revenue at $91.5M, flat sequentially.
- EPS was $0.21 GAAP and $0.22 operating (ex-merger costs), up versus Q4’s $0.20 GAAP but slightly below Q4’s $0.23 operating; credit costs increased with $6.0M provision and $7.6M net charge-offs, largely from one $7.1M C&I charge-off previously reserved.
- Deposits grew and funding mix improved: customer deposits +$113.8M, brokered deposits −$104.0M; borrowings −$364.0M; tangible book value/share increased to $11.03.
- Management guided to further margin improvement (+4–8 bps in Q2), 2025 loan growth in low-single digits, deposit growth of 4–5%, noninterest income of $5.5–$6.5M/quarter, expenses ≤$247M (ex-merger), and effective tax rate ~24.25% (ex-nondeductible merger charges).
- Merger with Berkshire Hills progressing: S-4 effective, stockholder meetings May 21, expected close H2 2025; core platform decided, system conversion targeted for Feb 2026—cost saves timing modestly delayed but operating expense discipline offsets near term.
What Went Well and What Went Wrong
What Went Well
- Net interest margin expanded 10 bps to 3.22% QoQ on lower funding costs, with net interest income up $0.8M QoQ to $85.8M; total revenue held at $91.5M, supporting earnings quality.
- Funding mix improved: customer deposits +$113.8M, brokered deposits −$104.0M, and borrowings −$364.0M; equity ratios strengthened and tangible book rose $0.22 to $11.03.
- Strategic repositioning is advancing: commercial real estate exposure reduced intentionally (CRE −$135M), while C&I originations were strong ($411M at ~7.18% weighted coupon); “We are pleased to report solid earnings… reduce CRE exposure while increasing participation in C&I”.
What Went Wrong
- Credit costs elevated: provision for credit losses increased to $6.0M QoQ, and net charge-offs rose to $7.6M, driven by one large $7.1M C&I charge-off; NPL ratio improved, but charge-offs pressured earnings.
- Average interest-earning assets declined ~$50M, partially offsetting margin tailwind; noninterest income fell by $0.9M QoQ due to lower loan-level derivative income.
- Macro uncertainty (rates, tariffs) temper visibility: “we expected market rates to normalize… the opposite occurred”; tariff unease is dampening activity in underwriting and customer behavior.
Transcript
Operator (participant)
Good afternoon and welcome to Brookline Bancorp Inc's first quarter 2025 earnings conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. After today's presentation, there'll be an opportunity to ask questions. Please note this event is being recorded. I'd now like to turn the conference over to Brookline Bancorp's attorney, Dario Hernandez. Please go ahead.
Dario Hernandez (VP and Corporate Counsel)
Thank you, Lydia, and good afternoon, everybody. Yesterday, we issued our earnings release and presentation, which is available on the investor relations page on our website, brooklinebancorp.com, and has been filed with the SEC. This afternoon's call will be hosted by Paul A. Perrault and Carl Carlson. This call may contain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, and business of Brookline Bancorp. Please refer to page two of our earnings presentation for our forward-looking statement disclaimer. Also, please refer to our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which contain risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Any references made during this presentation to non-GAAP measures are only made to assist you in understanding Brookline Bancorp's results and performance trends and should not be relied on as financial measures of actual results or future predictions.
For a comparison and reconciliation to GAAP earnings, please see our earnings release. I am pleased to introduce Brookline Bancorp's Chairman and CEO, Paul Perrault.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Thanks, Dario, and good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us for today's earnings call. We had solid core operating results for the first quarter, with operating earnings of $20 million or $0.22 per share. On a GAAP basis, which includes merger charges of $971,000, net income was $19.1 million, resulting in earnings per share of $0.21. The contraction in our loan portfolio of $136.6 million is intentional, as we reduce Commercial Real Estate exposures while maintaining our focus on important customer relationships. We also experienced some planned runoff in our specialty vehicle portfolio following our exit from that business last year, while we continue to increase our participation in the general C&I markets. Customer deposits increased $113.8 million, and our margin increased 10 basis points during the quarter. In January, we expected market rates to gradually return to normal.
However, as you all know, the opposite has occurred, as uncertainty has become the theme of the day, and markets have become even more volatile. Even with that, we expect to see our net interest margin continue to improve throughout 2025. In December, we announced a planned merger with Berkshire Hills Bancorp, and I'm delighted to tell you it is moving along very nicely. I will now turn you over to Carl, who will review the company's first quarter. Carl?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Thank you, Paul. At the end of the quarter, total assets stood at $11.5 billion, reflecting a decrease of $385.5 million from the end of the year. This reduction was due to a deliberate decrease in both cash equivalents and components of our loan portfolio. Specifically, loans declined by $136.6 million, with Commercial Real Estate and equipment finance dropping by $135 million and $32 million, respectively, while commercial loans saw growth. Owner-occupied Commercial Real Estate fell by $10 million, investment Commercial Real Estate portfolio decreased by $125 million, bringing the investment Commercial Real Estate to total risk-based capital to 375% at year-end, at quarter-end. The decline in equipment finance was primarily driven by the continued runoff of the specialty vehicle portfolio, which decreased by $29 million during the quarter to $267 million.
On the funding side, customer deposits increased by $113 million, while brokered deposits and borrowings were reduced by $468 million. Stockholders' equity rose by $18 million due to the retained earnings and lower mark-to-market on the available-for-sale portfolio, with tangible book value per share rising $0.22 to $11.03 from December 31st. The net interest margin improved 10 basis points to 3.22%, driven by lower funding costs. However, this was partially offset by a decline of $50 million in average interest-earning assets. Consequently, net interest income reached $85.8 million, an increase of $800,000 from the previous quarter. Lower derivative activity resulted in lower fee income for the quarter, bringing total revenues for the quarter to $91.5 million, consistent with Q4. The provision for credit losses was $6 million, $2 million higher than Q4. We had $7.6 million in net charge-offs, $5.2 million were previously reserved for.
The reserve coverage slightly increased to 129 basis points of total loans. The weightings of the Moody's economic scenarios remained at 40% baseline, 35% moderate recession, and 25% stronger near-term growth, which are consistent with the weightings at year-end. We have evaluated the post-quarter-end increase in economic uncertainty and will continue to monitor how this uncertainty is captured by future scenarios and adjust as necessary. Non-interest expense, excluding merger charges, was $59 million for Q1, a decrease of $1.3 million from Q4 due to lower compensation and marketing costs. Merger expenses for the quarter were $971,000 and are largely non-tax deductible, contributing to a higher effective tax rate. Excluding merger charges, operating EPS was $0.22 per share. Yesterday, the Board approved maintaining our quarterly dividend at $0.13 per share to be paid on May 23rd to stockholders of record on May 9th.
Looking forward, the interest rate environment, potential impact of tariffs, and how our customers respond remains uncertain, and the need to continually adapt is greater than ever. While modest improvements to net interest margin are increasingly uncertain, we are currently estimating an increase of 4-8 basis points in Q2. This is dependent upon market conditions, deposit flows, and the direction, timing, and magnitude of future actions by the Federal Reserve. We continue to anticipate growth in the loan portfolio to be in the low single digits for the balance of 2025, as growth in commercial and consumer loans will be tempered by the runoff of specialty vehicle and lower Commercial Real Estate activity. On the deposit side, we anticipate growth of 4%-5%, with growth generally favoring interest-bearing accounts.
Non-interest income is projected to be in the range of $5.5 million-$6.5 million per quarter, although components may vary significantly. We are managing expenses to $247 million or less for the full year, excluding merger-related costs. Our effective tax rate is expected to be in the range of 24%-25%, excluding the impact of non-deductible merger charges. Regarding the merger of equals with Berkshire Hills Bancorp, we have added slide 11 into our earnings presentation, providing an update. Regulatory applications have been filed, and we will respond to comments or follow-up questions from the regulators if and as they arise. On April 8th, the S-4 and proxy went effective with the SEC, and mailing commenced to stockholders of both entities. The stockholder meetings for both Brookline and Berkshire are scheduled for May 21st.
We anticipate closing the transaction in the second half of 2025, which will include the merger of all four bank charters. While we are encouraged by the recent regulatory approval process experienced by other institutions, we will make no predictions or observations with respect to our own applications. At the time of the transaction announcement, we had not decided on a core banking platform. I'm pleased to say the diligence was completed, and the core banking platform and related technologies have been determined, with conversion planning well underway. System conversions are scheduled for February. As you can appreciate, we are unable to comment further on the transaction beyond what has been publicly disclosed. This concludes my formal comments, and we'll turn it back to Paul.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Thanks, Carl. Lydia, we will now open it up for questions.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. Please press star followed by the number one if you'd like to ask a question, and ensure your device is unmuted locally when it's your turn to speak. If you change your mind or your question has already been answered, you can withdraw from the queue by pressing star followed by the number two. Our first question today comes from Mark Fitzgibbon with Piper Sandler. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
Hey, guys. Good afternoon.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Hi, Mark.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Hey, Mark.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
I was just curious, and this may be a question for you, Carl, trying to get a sense for the impact of a 25 basis point Fed rate cut. What do you think that means for the margin on a standalone basis pre-Berkshire Hills?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
I think it all depends on what happens with the rest of the yield curve, naturally. If you get that slightly steepening of the yield curve, just a cut at the short end, that would certainly be beneficial to us. Again, it's highly dependable on what the market is like and what is going on with the market and why that cut is happening. Generally, just from a modeling perspective, a cut in short-term rates and longer-term or midterm rates staying where they are, that's beneficial.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
Okay. For your guidance, though, a 4-8 basis points up, that doesn't assume any Fed rate cuts, correct?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
That does not reflect Fed rate cuts in the second quarter.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
Okay. Secondly, I wondered if you could give us any color on that $7.1 million commercial charge-off you had. What was the story with that loan? Was that the transportation one that you've talked about in the past?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
No, that was a large C&I credit that we, it was about a $13 million credit, $13 million and change, that we had a specific reserve for that was around $5 million already on the books. There was a little extra provisioning that required to cover that full charge-off. It was a sale of a note.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
Okay. Lastly, I just wondered maybe at a high level if you could share with us your thoughts on sort of the tariff implications on things like your equipment finance book and maybe your manufacturing loan book, which I think was around $250 million. Are you seeing any impact? Are you hearing from customers that it's become a significant problem, the tariffs, or not so much?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Fed administration is all over that like a wet blanket, and they're hearing that people are not doing very much, but are very uneasy about it. When we look at new credits, that has become part of the underwriting process to see how that might have affected things. It is having a dampening effect on everything as we go forward, but there's nothing tangible yet.
Mark Fitzgibbon (Managing Director and Head of FSG Research)
Okay. Thank you.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Okay, Mark.
Operator (participant)
Our next question comes from Steve Moss with Raymond James. Please go ahead.
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
Good afternoon.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Hi, Steve.
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
Hey, Paul. Just maybe on loan pricing here, just kind of curious what you guys are seeing for loan pricing these days. As you are also adding more C&I customers, what's the sentiment with those borrowers and your thoughts around pull-through here?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Yeah, my thoughts around what?
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
On pull-through of new C&I loans.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Pull-through, I think.
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
Do you think it's going to extend out towards the latter part of the year, or are you reasonably optimistic near-term? Let me put it that way.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
I'm reasonably optimistic, but we're obviously going to be very careful like walking through glue or something. The pipelines are okay, and the quality of the stuff that's in the pipeline, I've been very impressed with. The pricing has generally been pretty good. It feels like the dominant very large banks in our markets are pretty tepid about things right now, so we're not being pushed around too much. The smaller banks have tended to be a lot more aggressive. Our full-service, paying close attention nature, I think, has made us attractive for companies that feel a little bit abused in this time. We're going to go carefully, but I'm still optimistic with the numbers that Carl told you about for the balance of the year.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Just to give you a little bit more, get a little bit more specific on pricing, I think it might be helpful. We booked about $411 million of originations in the quarter, and the weighted average coupon on that book was 718 basis points. The weighted average coupon of our overall book is about 591 basis points. It gives you a sense of how that's continuing. Every quarter that goes by, we're still getting.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
It's a little better.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
A benefit on that.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Yeah. Unless the Fed cuts, and then we think everybody's down, but that's what I handle that.
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
Right. Okay. That's helpful there. Appreciate that color. Just in terms of expenses here, down quarter-over-quarter, compensation in particular, just kind of curious how you think about expenses for the second quarter. I apologize if I missed that.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
No, I think they'll probably be fairly stable with whatever happened in the first quarter. I give guidance for the full year that we have an annual budget that we try to manage towards, and we're doing much better than that at this point. As you probably understand, we've got the merger of equals with Berkshire Hills. We are being very careful about any hires and things of that nature or even replacing folks as we know that the opportunity to be able to fill those positions on a combined basis will be enhanced when that happens. I mentioned the marketing expenses are down quarter-over-quarter. I think we're just being thoughtful about where we're spending our marketing dollars and keeping some powder dry for the merger.
Steve Moss (Managing Director covering Banks)
Okay. Great. Those were my primary two questions. I really appreciate the call here. I'll step back in the queue.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Okay, Steve.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
See you.
Operator (participant)
Our next question comes from Laurie Hunsicker with Seaport Research Partners. Please go ahead.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Yeah. Hi, Paul and Carl. Good afternoon.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Hey, hello.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Just circling back to credit here. The $7.6 million in C&I charge-off, $7.1 million was one loan. Was that a, I guess, what type of loan was that? Was that an equipment finance loan? Was that a grocery store? What was that?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
It's in the food manufacturing business, if you will. It was not entirely the $7.6 million, but it was primarily that loan. It had been a family business that was subject to a leverage buyout by private equity firms, and things haven't gone according to Hoyle.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Okay. Your specialty vehicle book down to $267 million. That's great. How much were charge-offs there in the quarter?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Not much at all. It was de minimis.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. All right. Just wondered, can you give us an update of the $11 million office loan that I think is supposed to, I think it's supposed to close in 2Q. Is that still the case?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Yeah. It's under.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Have you thought about that?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Yes. It's under P&S, and it's imminent to close sometime soon. I don't know exactly the timing, but it's fully expected to close.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Yeah. We're not anticipating any additional loss associated with that.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Perfect. That was my question. Okay. Great. I see here I love that you give this update. You're 95% pass rated on that, which is maturing. Where does your whole book stand in terms of pass rated? I think I last had that at around 90%. I don't know if you have that number refreshed or if that's still approximately the number.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
It's approximately 95%.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Oh, for the whole book. Okay.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Yeah.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Great. Let me just go up here. Do you have a spot margin for March?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
323.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Thank you. Okay. I guess just sort of fast forwarding, and I appreciate that you do not want to comment any further on the timing, just fast forwarding, the Brookline Berkshire Hills merger is closed. Can you just talk a little bit about sort of two things on a go-forward basis? Number one, obviously, there was that non-binding letter of intent from Company A to potentially acquire you 50% higher. I guess how do you think about what direction are you going to do as a combined company to get that value from where we are here to sort of 50% higher? That is my first question. My second question is, previously, you were pretty active in buybacks. You are obviously very well capitalized. Credit looks good.
Obviously, many, many uncertainties at the moment, but we are seeing companies amp up the buyback, just taking advantage of stock price. Can you tell us a little bit about how you would think about their buybacks once this is closed? Thanks.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Sure. Again, we can't talk too much about adding any additional information, but I would certainly refer you back to when we announced the transaction and the benefits associated with that transaction, particularly the operational efficiencies, the results and performance of the organization, excluding purchase accounting, because purchase accounting, as we all know, is moving in many different ways every day. The benefits of getting the purchase accounting done as well will add significantly to the performance. As you know, a lot of banks in particular have done restructuring of their investment portfolios to enhance the yields going forward and their margins going forward. Here you're taking basically one organization, so $11 billion of a balance sheet and doing the purchase accounting on that and getting the benefits of that going forward.
I think you can refer to that to see, hey, what is the returns on this going forward? Of course, we're in the process of doing the conversion and the cost savings, and we feel really good about the process so far. Regarding stock buybacks, I'd say it's just too early to talk about that at this point. We'll see what the capital ratios and how that will, how the balance sheet is restructured as we come together. The Board will review what the capital opportunities are there and optimize the capital structure. If buybacks are appropriate, that'll get discussed.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Thanks. One more question with respect to capital management. Is it still the intent to take the Berkshire Hills pro forma combined company dividend up to a rate that's on par with where Brookline is currently? Is that still the plan?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
That's correct.
Laurie Hunsicker (Senior Analyst)
Okay. Great. Thanks. I'll leave it there.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Okay, Laurie.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. Our next question comes from Chris O'Connell with KBW. Your line's open.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
Paul and Carl. Just wanted to start off on the CRE runoff, which I know you guys was planned. Wondering how much more is kind of earmarked to be runoff over the next few quarters and if that will continue after the merger close.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Excellent question. We did plan for the ICRE runoff. We identified certain areas that we would not try to pursue, certain customers or certain transactions. I would not want to call them customers, but certain transactions. It was accelerated a bit in the first quarter, a little bit more than we had originally planned. Outside of that, I do not see a lot of reduction in that space to the magnitude going forward, but that was a planned approach to 2025. On a go-forward, after the combination of the two companies, we will be looking at that and where we stand and what we want to be focused on. I would say we are not focused on participating Commercial Real Estate transactions into the bank. We would like to do the lead.
Occasionally, we'll do that with friends and family, but that's not something that we would want to be doing on a go-forward basis. We would be looking at the combined portfolio and looking at those types of transactions and not really pursuing those going forward. The timing around that and seeing that, we'd rather preserve our capital or funding for taking care of our customers and our footprint.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
Understood. Thank you. I appreciate the standalone expense guide in the comments for flat-ish into Q2. Just rough calculations, you guys did a really good job here in the first quarter of keeping expenses low. If it is relatively flat into Q2, that leaves about $11 million of growth in the back half of the year to kind of get towards that guidance number. Is there any particular dynamics, I guess, that are driving up the cost that much in the back half of the year?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
No, not at all. It just was our original budget.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
That was the budget.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
It just was much better. Both companies are doing much better on the expense side as we're very careful on how we're spending money as we're going into this.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
Okay. Great. With the conversion now booked for February 2026, is that consistent with the original timing? I know it was a little bit up in the air at the time of the announcement. Does it change any of the cost-save timings or shift them out a little further?
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Only a little bit. It's a little bit later than we had hoped it would be. This has a lot to do with scheduling with providers and synchronizing all of the stuff that has to happen. Some of the cost savings are going to be slightly delayed, but to the extent that both companies are managing their costs very well in the meantime, I'm not viewing it as having any material effect at that point, even though technically some of the expenses are going to be longer than in the original plan, but at a lower level.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
It's going to be harder to cut expenses that you're not even incurring. Paul's saying that we're kind of front-loading some of those savings. Economically, at the end of the day, I would imagine we're probably going to be better off, so.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
Understood. I appreciate the kind of overall office commentary. I was hoping to get if you had your exposures to the Cambridge market and your overall lab exposure and just any color around kind of what you guys are seeing or what you guys are hearing in terms of any market developments in those areas.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
It's a pretty small share of our book. We haven't done very much in the Cambridge area that I can recall. Carl, do you have any sense of the numbers?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
It's approximately $50 million in lab.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
All in Cambridge?
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
No.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
No, all over. It's $50 million overall in lab space. It's a pretty small exposure. We just haven't been exposed to that sort of stuff. We tend to bank real estate professionals who really haven't played all that much in the lab space.
Chris O'Connell (Director of Equity Research)
Okay. Great. That's all I had. Thank you.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Okay.
Carl Carlson (Co President and Chief Financial & Strategy Officer)
Next question.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
That's it.
Operator (participant)
This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Mr. Perrault for any closing remarks.
Paul Perrault (Chairman and CEO)
Thank you, Lydia. Thank you all for joining us this afternoon, and we will look forward to talking with you again next quarter. Good day.
Operator (participant)
This concludes today's call. Thank you very much for joining. You may now disconnect your line.