Comtech Telecommunications - Q3 2023
June 8, 2023
Transcript
Operator (participant)
Welcome to Comtech's fiscal Q3 2023 earnings conference call. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded today, Thursday, June 8, 2023. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Robert Samuels of Comtech. Please go ahead, sir.
Robert Samuels (Head of Investor Relations)
Good afternoon, everyone, and thanks for taking the time to dial in today. I'm Rob Samuels, Comtech's Head of Investor Relations. Welcome to the Comtech Telecommunications Corp.'s conference call for the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. Today, I'm here with Comtech's Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, Ken Peterman. We're also joined by Mike Bondi, our CFO. Before we get started today, I'll say that both myself and Ken are always available to answer questions our investors may have. Please get in touch if you want to organize a meeting to talk about the company, our results, or our strategy. We also have a detailed discussion of the quarter in our shareholder letter available on our website, and we have also been working to communicate directly about our business and our market between quarters in our blog, Comtech Signals.
Finally, let me remind you of the company's safe harbor language. Certain information presented in this call will include, but not be limited to, information relating to the future performance and financial condition of the company, the company's plans, objectives, and business outlook, and the plans, objectives, and business outlook of the company's management. The company's assumptions regarding such performance, business outlook, and plans are forward-looking in nature and involve significant risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking information. Any forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by cautionary statements contained in the company's Securities and Exchange Commission filings. Now, I am pleased to introduce the President and Chief Executive Officer of Comtech, Ken Peterman. Ken?
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Thanks, Rob. Hello, everyone, and thanks for joining us. In less than two weeks from today, my senior leadership team will spend the day with me speaking in depth about our company and its future at our first-ever Investor Day. We are holding this exciting event in our state-of-the-art facility in Chandler, Arizona. We invite you to confirm attendance as soon as possible, if you haven't already. Since I took the role of CEO and President of Comtech just 10 months ago, our business has embarked on a transformational journey that has been both exciting and challenging, filled with notable achievements and valuable discoveries. We set forth on a comprehensive strategy to reshape the enterprise, enhance operational efficiency, and usher in a new era of hybridized connectivity with Comtech's expertise and technology leading the way.
Now, as we approach the end of year 1 of our journey, I'm proud to report that we are right where we want to be, if not slightly ahead of schedule. The first thing I'll call out, which Mike will speak to shortly, is that we have delivered 3 sequential quarters of revenue and adjusted EBITDA improvement. In fact, this marks our 6th consecutive quarter of top-line revenue growth, which is to say, I am very pleased with the direction and credibility that we are establishing around our financial performance. As pleased as I am with Comtech's overall financial performance and upward trajectory in our results, I want to highlight that since I became CEO and President, we have met or exceeded the guidance we have offered to our investors.
That is important to me personally, because I believe this demonstrates that Comtech is intent on meeting several key commitments we made to our investors since day one of my tenure. Let's take a few moments to examine what our collective team has accomplished within just these first 10 months. Let's discuss our growth initiatives. We established EVOKE as our technology incubator here at Comtech, securing valuable technology partnerships and beginning a series of collaborative customer workshops to accelerate our ability to support our current and prospective customers with more complete solutions. We strengthened incumbent positions across our portfolio, spanning a variety of attractive, growing end markets. We positioned ourselves to exploit emerging wireless and satellite technology and communications inflection points by leveraging our established market positions as launch platforms for growth. Let's discuss our profit improvement initiatives.
We assimilated our historically disparate, siloed businesses into two streamlined segments, operating on common tools and processes. We launched strategic goal deployment processes throughout the enterprise to measure our progress against meaningful KPIs to establish a foundation from which to significantly improve our operational performance. We implemented profit improvement initiatives that will meaningfully reduce operational costs and improve our margins, financial performance, and enhance shareholder value. Finally, we identified opportunities to strengthen our balance sheet and our financial flexibility. Now, as for our human capital and our ESG, DEIB initiatives, we launched our first-ever company-wide people strategy, recognizing that people are one of our most important assets. By solidifying strategic partnerships with leading technology universities, we established our first-ever company-wide university internship program to develop a more robust talent pipeline.
To accelerate our progress toward One Comtech, we continued to attract experienced thought leaders with proven track records and directly relevant industry experience. I must say that I am particularly excited about the additions of Mr. Don Walther and Ms. Nicole Robinson to our team, and I'll speak to that more a little later. Notably, our people strategy extends beyond the organic development of our talent pipeline and even the addition of proven leaders to our team. Our strategy also includes regular assessments of the capabilities, experiences, and skill sets of our board members to ensure continued alignment with our short and long-term goals and objectives. To that end, it is my pleasure to announce our two newest board members, effective June 15, 2023. The Honorable Ellen M. Lord.
Lord formerly served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment through January of 2021. In this capacity, Ms. Lord was responsible to the Secretary of Defense for all matters pertaining to acquisition, logistics, and material readiness, the acquisition workforce itself, and even the defense industrial base. Prior to this appointment, Ms. Lord served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Textron Systems Corporation, a subsidiary of Textron Inc., where she led a multibillion-dollar business with a broad range of products and services supporting defense, homeland security, aerospace, infrastructure protection, and customers around the world. Importantly, the same global growth markets that Comtech looks to serve. Lieutenant General Bruce T. Crawford, Retired. Lieutenant General Crawford became the U.S. Army's Chief Information Officer, the CIO G6, in August of 2017, and served in this role through his retirement in July 2020.
A recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal with 1 Oak Leaf Cluster, among other awards and decorations, Lieutenant General Crawford was the principal advisor to the Secretary of the US Army, setting strategic direction and objectives for 1 of the largest employers in the world, and supervising all US Army command, control, communications, and computers, or C4, and information technology functions, making Lieutenant General Crawford an ideal candidate for Comtech's board as we seek to serve and support the convergence of multiple network modalities and technology inflections at home and abroad. Let me speak to our financial results. A clear indicator that our commitment to One Comtech is working will be consistent improvements in our financial performance. For the past several quarters, we have streamlined our business operations and reduced our operating costs.
This has enabled us to meet or exceed our financial targets for net sales and adjusted EBITDA, while managing complex economic risks. As you can see from the results reported today, we delivered improved performance while remaining focused during this transformational period, where we are driving significant change across our business. Specifically, Comtech grew net sales for the sixth consecutive quarter. Cash flow provided by operating activities for the quarter was $16.6 million. We approved adjusted EBITDA to $12.5 million, or a 9.2% margin. We announced three new EVOKE technology partnerships with Aarna Networks, Descartes Labs, and WishKnish, in addition to Sirqul, our first publicly announced EVOKE technology partner.
Looking ahead, we expect our fourth quarter fiscal 2023 results to improve, with consolidated net sales anticipated to grow sequentially between 2% and 4%, and for consolidated adjusted EBITDA margins to be in the range of 9.5% to 10.5% of consolidated net sales. We expect to realize ongoing benefits from our investments to restructure and optimize operations. In particular, our benchmarking efforts conducted to date as a part of this transformation are providing key insights into opportunities to improve efficiencies and accelerate decision-making. At the start of this journey, I stated that we needed to act swiftly and with purpose, and it's clear that we are meeting this goal.
We believe that our lean initiatives implemented during the third and fourth quarters of our fiscal 2023 will yield a more favorable cost structure for our business as we approach the start of our fiscal 2024. These actions target multiple aspects of our business and involve all levels of management as we move aggressively to improve our business processes by leveraging the expertise and proven track record of our refreshed leadership team. We are sensitive, of course, to the impact these changes have on certain members of our team, but remain committed to building a stronger Comtech. As planned, during this past quarter, we completed our migration to our state-of-the-art technology and manufacturing facility in Chandler, Arizona.
This facility is at the center of our One Comtech transformation and houses some of our most innovative research and development initiatives, including our EVOKE Innovation Foundry and our new Customer Experience Center. We look forward to hosting our Investor Day at our Chandler facility on Wednesday, June 21st, to offer a firsthand experience of how our vision is becoming a reality. You'll be able to meet the team during our transformation and have opportunities to experience some of the innovation and cutting-edge technology at the heart of our strategy to drive One Comtech. During our upcoming Investor Day, you will hear us discuss how we are not simply fluent in the future, we are creating it today, bringing to life the future of Comtech and the market itself.
Importantly, while it is vital to look as far down the road as possible and even see around corners, we must not lose sight of the present. For us, that means solving our customers' toughest problems today strategically partnering with them to leverage our culture of innovation and accelerating technology trajectories to overcome their current and future challenges like never before. Over time, our markets have evolved and are growing. satellite and terrestrial network infrastructures will blend and hybridize toward ubiquity on a global scale. It is clear to us that we can create value not just by transporting data across these blended networks, but by leveraging data to reveal insights that create customer value in new and differentiated ways.
We believe Comtech is well positioned to exploit the opportunities created by these convergences due to our technology leadership and incumbent positions in the underlying capabilities that provide these data-enabled insights. Further, we expect Comtech's long-standing technology leadership and increasingly innovative culture to identify new ways to accelerate growth and profitability. The foundation that we are building today is already delivering improved performance. As we launch our lean initiatives, continue to streamline our cost structure, further optimize performance, and instill a culture of discipline and commitment, we are creating a sustainable framework that we believe will create shareholder value for years to come. We are genuinely excited about Comtech's future, and we are committed to delivering results every single day for our customers, our partners, employees, and shareholders.
In summary, indicators of our progress are clearly visible all around us, and I believe that our transformation to One Comtech is working and that our future is bright. Mike?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Thanks, Ken. For Q3 fiscal 2023, we recorded $136.3 million of consolidated, $2.2 million, or approximately 60%, were reported in our Satellite and Space Communications segment, and $54.1 million were reported in our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment. Our third quarter net sales represented a 1.9% sequential increase over last quarter, and as Ken mentioned, our 6th consecutive quarterly increase. Compared to Q3 fiscal 2022, our Q3 fiscal 2023 net sales increased $14.2 million, or 11.6%, primarily reflecting significantly higher net sales in our Satellite and Space Communications segment.
Our consolidated gross profit percentage for Q3 fiscal 2023 was 31.7% and primarily reflects an increase in net sales and overall product mix changes, including significantly higher net sales of our Troposcatter and SATCOM solutions to U.S. government customers within our Satellite and Space Communications segment, which, as a reminder, historically achieved a lower gross profit percentage than the recurring type software-based sales included in our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment. Also contributing to the change in margin was that Q3 fiscal 2022 benefited from lower warranty expense in light of the reduced level of sales activity during that prior year period. As explained in more detail and reconciled in our Form 10-Q, filed earlier today, we utilized a non-GAAP measure that we refer to as adjusted EBITDA.
Q3 fiscal 2023 adjusted EBITDA was $12.5 million, or 9.2% of consolidated net sales, as compared to $11.2 million, or 9.2% of consolidated net sales in Q3 fiscal 2022. The increase in dollars primarily reflects the benefit of our One Comtech lean initiatives implemented through April 30, 2023, offset in part by a lower gross profit percentage. Bookings this past quarter totaled $102.8 million, representing a quarterly book-to-bill ratio of 0.75 times. Our current revenue visibility approximates $1.1 billion and is equal to the sum of our $668.4 million of funded backlog, plus the total unfunded value of certain multiyear contracts that we have received and from which we expect future orders.
Overall, our consolidated Q3 fiscal 2023 net sales and adjusted EBITDA were in line with our guidance provided last quarter. I will turn it back over to Ken for some closing remarks. Ken?
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Thanks, Mike. As excited as we are about how our culture of innovation, technology, leadership, and the power of collaboration, enabled by our transformation to One Comtech, is creating a bright future, we are more deeply focused than ever before toward meeting our daily commitments to our customers, our shareholders, and ourselves. The foundation that we are building today is already delivering improved performance. As we launch our lean initiatives, continue to streamline our cost structure, further optimize performance, and instill a culture of discipline and commitment, we are creating a sustainable framework that we believe will create shareholder value for years to come. Regarding new additions to our leadership team.
As I mentioned earlier, we are attracting a lot of excitement across our markets, and this quarter, we continued to enhance our leadership team with several key appointments designed to maximize our ability to compete and deliver across our global market segments. We appointed Don Walther as Comtech's new Chief Legal Officer and Nicole Robinson as Chief Strategy Officer. Don has significant technology and aerospace industry experience in both public and private companies in the commercial and defense sectors, with his previous experiences at ITT and Boeing. He will focus on ensuring Comtech's competitive differentiation through contracts is preserved and protected. Nicole is well known across our industry. Prior to joining Comtech, she served as President of Ursa Space Systems, a leading satellite intelligence and data analytics provider.
She will focus on creating and implementing priority space business pursuits, oversee the development and implementation of new technologies, orchestrate global growth initiatives, and lead other priorities related to geospatial imagery and data, as well as space communications in both U.S. and international markets. Regarding our EVOKE partners, in the early days of my tenure as CEO, we envisioned and then established EVOKE as Comtech's innovation foundry, which is dedicated to creating and accelerating transformational changes in global technologies. We believe that EVOKE will enhance our existing technologies and service offerings. Examples include cloud-native satellite ecosystems, 5G advanced services, and as-a-service business models, as well as allow us to pioneer entirely new ideas and opportunities with the benefit of multiple perspectives, industry backgrounds, and areas of expertise. Through partnership, we are able to quickly prototype ideas and test for market readiness.
This new and rapid method will allow us to expand our capabilities and could potentially allow us to capture market share at an unparalleled rate. During the most recent quarter, we were pleased to announce that we added several new partners to EVOKE's growing roster, including Aarna Networks, Descartes Labs, and WishKnish Corporation. By combining Aarna Networks technologies with Comtech's Dynamic Cloud Platform, the companies anticipate enabling customers to easily add and manage a variety of open architecture, cloud-based applications across private, hybrid, and public networks in both terrestrial and non-terrestrial environments. Descartes Labs will work with Comtech to infuse the power of artificial intelligence, machine learning, predictive intelligence, and insight monitoring across Comtech's product offerings. As for WishKnish, we plan to collaborate with them on integrating highly secure, flexible, distributed ledger or blockchain technologies across diverse commercial and government applications.
Looking ahead, not only can you expect to see Comtech foster partnerships with businesses from multiple sectors, but also with leading universities around the world to ensure we remain at the forefront of emerging technologies. We intend to match the rate of change we see transforming global communications by forging collaborative partnerships across industries and academia to ultimately create value for individuals, communities, governments, and businesses in a new era of connectivity. In summary, as I approach my one-year anniversary leading Comtech, I am even more excited today than I was on August tenth of last year when I took on this role as your President and Chief Executive Officer. My increasing excitement stems from a variety of factors. The assimilation of our legacy business silos into two business segments allows us to be more collaborative and agile with respect to decision-making.
The profit improvement initiatives we are implementing are further improving efficiencies in our business. The rollout of company-wide processes is instilling stronger and more consistent process discipline, improving operational effectiveness, and optimizing business performance. EVOKE has fostered collaboration with new technology partners and is positioning us for accelerated growth and the ability to exploit emerging and converging markets and technologies. Our customer workshops are revealing immediate opportunities to create more comprehensive customer value. As satellite and terrestrial network infrastructures blend and hybridize on a global scale, we believe we can create value, not just by transporting data across these blended networks, but by leveraging data to reveal insights that could create customer value in new, unique, and differentiated ways.
Again, I believe that Comtech is positioned to win in a rapidly evolving market that is demanding faster innovation, better collaboration, improved agility, and more comprehensive customer value than ever before. Our communications network infrastructures are evolving. We have clear opportunities to leverage our technology leadership in connectivity and data transport to provide data-enabled customer insights. This value creation can be monetized in innovative ways that we believe will significantly enhance shareholder value. The hard work we have done these past 10 months is building the foundation we need and paving the way for exciting days ahead. In closing, before we take your questions, I'll quickly make some final observations. We are only 10 months in. We are only getting started. We have a refreshed leadership team with experience and knowledge who are moving quickly and with purpose.
Our board has also been refreshed with some of the industry's leading professionals. Our EVOKE partners are some of the most dynamic and exciting experts in their fields, and we are leaner and more agile as we relentlessly turn towards the future to solve our customers' most pressing challenges and bring unprecedented value to them, our people, and to our shareholders. With that, I look forward to meeting with you on June 21st, and as always, I appreciate your engagement and continued support. Now I'll turn it back over to Rob.
Robert Samuels (Head of Investor Relations)
Thanks, Ken. Operator, we will now open the call for questions.
Operator (participant)
Yes, sir. At this time, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your touch tone phone. If at any time you find that your question has been addressed, you may remove yourself from the queue by pressing star two. Once again, that is star one to ask a question. Our first question will come from Joe Gomes with Noble Capital. Your line is open.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Good evening. Congrats on the quarter. Thanks for taking my questions.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
You're welcome, Joe. Good to see you.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Wanted to start out on the Terrestrial and Wireless Networks segment. You know, revenues there have been pretty flat over the past 5 quarters. Bookings have been down for 4 straight quarters. Just trying to get a better idea of what is occurring in that segment, maybe give it a little update on some of the 911 clients. You talked previously about, you know, getting some of these big states, you know, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, et cetera, out of the deployment phase. Just trying to get a little better understanding of where that business stands today and where we can see it going here in the near future.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Hey, Joe Gomes, this is Mike Bondi. I'll take that question. Yeah, certainly, a good question, and one that we do plan to address in more detail during Investor Day. Broadly speaking, you know, we are expecting growth to come, you know, in terms of some of our short-term and long-term initiatives through tracking several state awards. You did reference some of that we have been tracking, like the Ohio opportunity. There, we believe that it's still moving through the House and Senate and going to the governor for signature. I think that's one we'll have to, you know, just watch the news in the next couple of weeks.
You know, in terms of our Southwest customer, you know, I think that one's moving around a little bit, in terms of how that might come to us, but we believe that we have services and solutions that only we can provide for that opportunity set, and so, we would expect at some point that to hit, but that's one to watch. We also had two state RFPs that we had submitted our proposal responses for. One was back in December, the other was back in May timeframe. There, we're just waiting for the down-selection process to start. Then, you know, I would say other initiatives that we're tracking would be to sort of bring NG911 type solutions to military bases.
We spent some time trying to assess that market, and we believe that that is a good ground for us to attack. Also looking at machine-to-machine and AI solutions, you know, and fusing that technology into 911 applications, sort of taking it up the, you know, the tier, if you will, to providing as-a-service to those clients. We also have thought about bringing some added insights to the PSAP, so they could do more, say, smart dispatching, with better, you know, analytics in front of them as they're, you know, trying to assess an emergency situation. You know, we also have targeted taking our location-based services platform to international customers. We've had really good success here in the US with the Tier 1 carriers, in rolling out their 5G platforms.
As we progress with those opportunities, you know, we think that the international market is the next step there. In 2024, we definitely feel that's an area where we'll attack. Generally speaking, I think we have a view of as-a-service, as a theme, as we're, you know, trying to transition this segment from being, you know, beyond just a 911 upgrade provider or call routing. You know, I think there are other things that we can do for commercial entities, and, you know, we'll talk more about that during Investor Day.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Okay, thank you for that, Mike Bondi. In looking at, you know, SG&A for the quarter, obviously, it was impacted by about $4 million in restructuring costs, you know, which are a little bit higher than, you know, in Q1 and Q2. If we're looking out here at Q4, you know, should we expect, you know, a third quarter type of level or more along the first or second quarter levels in terms of any restructuring charges?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Another good question. I think in terms of our expectations for Q4, I know with 2 months to go, I think at this point it'd be reasonable to assume a level similar to what we experienced in Q3.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Okay. One last one for me, back in queue. You know, I know that you've talked about this in the past, but, you know, again, the effective interest rate, you know, over 10% in the quarter, you know, the cash borrow rate is almost at 9% in the quarter. Maybe you can give us a little bit better of update of, you know, what you guys are trying to do, you know, to minimize that or bring that back down a little bit, understanding that, you know, rates have been going up overall, but, you know, you guys are paying some pretty high interest expenses here.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Yes, definitely, something, Joe, that we are focusing on. As we said in our last earnings call, you know, we're not going to sit idle. You know, we have a credit facility that comes current in October of 2023, and so we want to use time to our advantage. We certainly, at this juncture, you know, don't have something specific to say about capital structure and alternatives, but we are evaluating them. We are looking at this from a holistic point of view. You know, we wanna do something that's durational in nature, so we're not renegotiating a facility, you know, say, in one or two years from now. You know, we definitely heard feedback from our investors and lenders, and, you know, we'll take that into our calculus as we, you know, navigate through the next steps there.
On top of that, you know, as part of our benchmarking processes and bringing process discipline to the table, we are looking at our investments in working capital. You know, we did a test this quarter to see that we could get down to, you know, proper leverage ratios that we have to plan for July, and we did that. I think that's a great achievement on the team's part here. No small task there. You know, certainly as we go through, you know, trying to grow the company and making investments to grow, you know, we wanna be disciplined to bring down our AR and inventory levels and bring our payment cycle with our vendors more in line with industry standards.
You know, we do recognize interest costs are 3 times what they were about 1 year ago, and, certainly taking that into consideration for sure. I can tell you we're focused on it.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Thank you again, for answering the question. Much appreciated.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Thank you.
Joe Gomes (Senior Research Analyst)
Thank you.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Thank you.
Operator (participant)
Our next question will come from George Notter with Jefferies. Your line is open.
George Notter (Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst)
Hi, guys. Thanks very much. I guess I wanted to ask about, you know, margins. Obviously, a softer quarter on gross margin here. You know, certainly it's coming from the Satellite and Space Communications. I heard what you said regarding Tropo, can you talk about kind of the puts and takes there, and what do you expect for the margin trajectory going forward? Thanks.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Sure. I'll take that, George. Yeah, in Q3, we did experience significantly higher net sales of our Tropo and SATCOM solutions to the US government and customers. You know, I would wanna point out in the details of it that, you know, there were three main items that we were delivering this quarter. One was the VSAT equipment to the US Army. That equipment is coming off a contract where it's cost-reimbursable. As we have said in the past, those types of contracts, while they're good and they're good cash flow payers, they come with low profit margins. That's just a legacy type transaction, if you will, that we had come through this quarter.
We also, as a second theme, we did ship out or started to perform on our US Marine Corps project, so we're ramping up our activities there. That also was, just as a reminder, a contract that was, I'll say, pre-COVID priced. We won that back in 2019, and it took a little while to get the order in the fall of 2022. At this point in time, inventory is starting to show up, and we're working on our deliveries. But that, you know, had a significant influence, if you will, on the quarter, just given that it was pre-COVID pricing, with long lead times.
we also had, you know, in the quarter, some additional COMET that were, or in the, in the nine months, if you will, that was in the first half of the year. We did sell off some COMET destined for Ukraine, and while those carry higher margins, I think when you take all three of those and mix them up, you know, for the quarter, we definitely had seen our sales, percentage-wise, fall more in the Satellite and Space segment. Those have traditionally lower margins than Terrestrial and Wireless, as we discussed in the past, that have more software recurring type sales and margins. I think it was just a confluence of those transactions that impacted the margins.
You know, heading into Q4 and, you know, looking forward into FY 2024, certainly with our One Comtech initiatives, and looking at where things are headed, we do expect margins in Satellite and Space to improve. That's something that we are also heavily focused on in terms of getting uplift there. I think as we burn off, I'll say, backlog that had, you know, suboptimal pricing, and burn that off and replace it with, newer items, we would expect to see a turn in the margin.
George Notter (Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst)
Got it. That's great. Then, you mentioned the COMET project to Ukraine. Was that the case where those products had been written off, from an inventory perspective and therefore you sold them, and they came through at a really good margin, and now we've got a non-repeat of that business this quarter? Is that the dynamic you're describing?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
No, no, this was not a write-off, a sale of written-off inventory. Back in 2022, we, around February of 2022, to be precise, we were tracking a pretty large order with the Ukraine as the end customer or end user of the COMET. That got postponed when Russia invaded Ukraine. That opportunity, we thought, was never lost. It was just a matter of timing as they were transitioning to fight a ground war. They finally came back to us in the August-September timeframe to place the order. Given the urgent and compelling need of the equipment, we shipped it out expeditiously, and, you know, for the most part, that was in our Q1 and Q2.
There was a little bit of additional units going out in Q3, but not to the scale that it was in Q1 and Q2.
Some extension and continuation of that initial order, George.
George Notter (Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst)
Got it. Okay, it's a non-repeat of that business that hurts you by comparison relative to prior quarters. Okay, super. That's all I had. Thanks very much.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Sure. Thanks, George.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. Our next question will come from Asiya Merchant with Citi. Your line is open.
Asiya Merchant (VP and Analyst)
Great. Thank you very much. Could you walk us through some of the margins, you know, the EBITDA margins, also on the terrestrial side of things? You know, those were a little bit softer as well compared to last year. I know they increased sequentially, maybe you can walk us through what's going on there, why the margins... Is this like, you know, new contracts that are ramping up that just carry lower margins? As you look out into fiscal 2024, you know, are you expecting margins to revert back to, you know, if you dial it back a couple of years ago, I think they were north of 20%. Is that reasonable to expect for fiscal 2024 going forward?
Just, if I think about it, I think your fiscal forward 2 outlook, you know, up sequentially 2%-4%. You know, with the exception of perhaps one quarter, where you guys had extraordinary sales back in 2018, that seems or the 2020 quarter, which, you know, which is obviously an odd year. It seems to be a little underwhelming relative to I mean, I know it's generally north of, you know, it's 4%, so I don't know, 2%-4%, midpoint of 3. Is that just baking in some conservatism here? If you can just kinda walk us through some of that would be great. Thank you.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Okay. Yeah, we'll unpack. I think there were a few questions in there. You know, in terms of the margins in Terrestrial and Wireless Networks, this is another area we are definitely focused on as we move into FY 2024. You know, I think I speak for the team. We're all impatient as we're awaiting the award of several large opportunities to get us back to some economies of scale in the segment. At, you know, at the same time, you know, while we're awaiting those awards, we are doing our benchmarking. As part of our, you know, bringing the companies together in one context, we have identified some opportunities to improve our margins going forward.
I talked, you know, a little bit about some of those initiatives to grow revenues and different types of revenues that are more software-based and, you know, moving up the tier, if you will, on margin. You know, given the long-term nature of the backlog in Terrestrial and Wireless Networks, it will take us some time to burn that off. They had lower margins in that NG911 business. You know, those were the initial awards. It was a land grab trying to win the work with the customers. They're great contracts to have. They're very long term in nature with renewals. If we do a good job, we expect to see better margins as we continue to ramp up the recurring revenues and move into the renewal phases of those jobs. We're just not there yet.
We're, you know, we're probably a year or 2 away from seeing that happening, but nonetheless, we are ramping up those revenues. At the same time, it's taking on more of a percentage of the overall segment. With the core routing business being sort of steady state, I think the margin percentages are getting, you know, influenced by the NG911 business. You know, again, we're not going to just allow that to happen. We are addressing it. We're trying to come up with new revenue verticals and ways to get the margins up. You know, we have taken out some costs in our March reduction in force. We have not seen the full benefit of that in Q3. We do expect, you know, to see better margins as we go into 2024.
I won't give specific guidance yet on 2024 EBITDA margins, directionally, Asiya, that's sort of what we're thinking, is to get back to those historical margins.
Asiya Merchant (VP and Analyst)
Do you think that's achievable in fiscal 2024? I guess I'm just, you know, trying to understand. Like I see that you obviously, hopefully increase your, you know, EBITDA margins relative to fiscal 2023, but are we...
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Yeah, I do. I do. I won't speak for... Ken might want to add something there, but from my perspective, I mean, we've initiated more than one or two initiatives in terms of contract and pricing, looking at our optimization of our supply chain, going through, layers of maybe redundancy and, in our management layers. We've looked at make and buy decisions. We've looked at, new initiatives to grow revenue through EVOKE and, partnering up with our, EVOKE partners technologies to create new revenue streams. I do think with the culmination of all of those activities, we have line of sight to improving the margins substantially.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
If you think of this, Ken, if you think of the timeline, typically a situation like this, I mean, we go through maybe 10-12 months of discovery, understanding how each of our siloed business operates, what processes they use, how they do risk management and mitigation, how they do program management, you know, supply chain, inventory management. It just touches every part of the organization. It takes us some time to move across the organization, benchmark it, and fully understand it. We're putting together the action plans to lean that out, apply best process across the board, across the entire enterprise.
We're just moving into the phase where we're going to see the impact and return on investment on the action plans, lean action plans, as well as the cost reduction plans that we're implementing holistically across the enterprise. We will see that beginning now in the fourth quarter and then through FY 2024. That will have a, I'm going to say, a rolling and increasing impact as those are implemented and as we see the results of those actions. Yes, I am, I think that characterizes FY 2024 probably as well as I can.
Asiya Merchant (VP and Analyst)
Okay, cash for the year. I mean, you had a good, you know, decent quarter in terms of cash generation this quarter. I'm assuming next quarter will also be a cash flow positive quarter for you guys. Is that fair?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Asiya, in terms of how I'm looking at Q4, I mean, we still have 2 months to go. We have some large receivables and payables that we're managing, so it definitely will come down to the timing of things. At this point, I would say that any cash coming in in Q4 would likely go to pay down AP and also debt, just making sure we stay within our covenants. I would expect it to be more closer to breakeven, if you know, maybe slightly positive. Not expecting a repeat of Q3, to be clear.
Asiya Merchant (VP and Analyst)
Okay. All right. Thank you.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. Our next question comes from Joichi Sakai with Singular Research. Your line is open.
Joichi Sakai (Equity Research Analyst)
Yes, hi, good afternoon. Can you talk about the decline in net bookings for the quarter? Was this just lumpiness in orders? Then also, where should we expect this? What would be a normalized rate for bookings in the future?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
I'll take-
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Okay.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Hi, Chris. In terms of the bookings profile, we definitely started out the year very strong. We did have some very large items that some of which we just talked about with George. We had the COMET come in. We also had some renewals with our Tier 1 carriers, their annual renewals. We also had received in Q2 a very large order from Yahsat, a new customer. You know, those are the types of orders you wouldn't expect to repeat from quarter to quarter. When you actually strip those out and you look at our bookings performance in Q3, I think we actually did a pretty good job when you take out the one-time items. Going into Q4, I do think we see maybe a stronger bookings profile in Q4 than Q3.
You know, that's gonna be, you know, also subject to timing. You know, we always say that, you know, the timing of bookings is hard to predict and often lumpy. I do think that you'll see an uptick in Q4.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Yeah, I'll tell you that Q4 has, as I think, our Q4 has traditionally been a good quarter for us. We see the U.S. government looking to sweep up and spend money, and we can and are positioning to benefit from that. I think that. Other than that, I think it's just lumpiness. I don't think that there's a downward trend.
Joichi Sakai (Equity Research Analyst)
Okay. sounds good. What would be a good sort of normalized rate for gross profit? I know it was down to what, about 32%. Should we expect it maybe around the 34%-35% range?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Yeah, on gross profit, Chris, you know, I'll talk in terms of consolidated. You know, our view is right now we are going through a transformation. We are making, you know, changes to our business. While we do see improvements, we are also reinvesting and making some tough decisions to make us stronger as we go into 2024. While we have an eye for margin improvement, I think, you know, Q4, you know, might look similar to Q3. As we move into next year, I would expect to see margin improvement, but I won't give a specific % right now. I think we'll give more wholesome guidance, you know, one quarter out when we get closer to the end of Q4.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
I'll add, Chris, that, you know, the organization is going through significant transformation now. There's a lot of changes going on across the organization. We're rolling out tools and processes. We're teaching people how to use those tools and processes, and those tools and processes will bear fruit in terms of streamlined, more efficient business operations. We're also going through a period where we're burning backlog, and to some degree, this backlog, some of it's pre-COVID pricing and that kind of thing, so we have to burn that off. I think that I'm quite pleased with the consistent performance, the ability of us to meet our commitments in terms of hitting our forecasts.
I think the upward trend that we're experiencing in both sales and profitability is a positive sign that we can go through this difficult transformational period and still meet our commitments and still see an upward trajectory before we've actually seen the results and the impacts of the lean initiatives and cost reduction initiatives that we're implementing. I think there's a, I'm real pleased by where we are right now, and I'm real pleased by what. I'm encouraged and excited about what the next few quarters are gonna hold as we start to see the benefits of that. I mean, I'd just repeat again that we are on or ahead of the schedule that we put together 10 months ago.
Joichi Sakai (Equity Research Analyst)
Okay, great. You've mentioned that you're burning through some lower margin backlog. Can you shed any light as to how much of that backlog, of the current backlog, is lower margin?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Yeah, Chris, I'll take that one. I would say this is more prone to be within our Terrestrial and Wireless Networks. There, we had booked a very large amount of contracts in the last couple of years, and those are multiyear contracts. You know, sitting in today, it has $200 million of backlog, and, you know, we think that that's gonna burn off over, like, a 24-month period of time. You know, therefore, you know, we're gonna be facing this headwind in the background for a little bit as we reset that backlog. It's more in the Terrestrial and Wireless Networks.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
That's one of the reasons, you know, and of course, the cost reduction, the lean initiatives, are working to offset or even more than offset, any of that, challenge.
Joichi Sakai (Equity Research Analyst)
Okay. Okay, great. Thanks for the answers.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Thank you.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. Our next question will come from Greg Burns with Sidoti. Your line is open.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Good afternoon. With these contracts on the terrestrial and wireless side, do you have a history of pricing power? Are you able to increase prices typically on renewals, or are these kind of first time around, so not really sure how it's gonna go? Can you give us any insight into your thoughts on your ability to?
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
improve the margin profile?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Hi, Greg. Sure, I'll take that. These are contracts in the Terrestrial and Wireless segment that were competitive in nature, and they were definitely first of their kind, so this is the first go-around. you know, we felt that these were important contracts for us. We wanted to be in this space, and, you know, we competed, and we won the work. So these are 3-5-year contracts that, you know, the, you know, in terms of the base award, we had to put in some CapEx upfront. We have to depreciate that. As we get closer to the renewal side of it, and we, you know, amortize off the CapEx and move into recurring revenues, we do expect to see the margin improvement. This is gonna take some time.
I think we're, like I said, about maybe a year or two away from burning that off, and we'll be approaching, you know, some of these renewals, but we're not there yet.
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Hey, I would add this, Ken, I would add that I refer to these sometimes as launch platforms, these incumbent contracts, where we've done the land grab, we've successfully won the state or the geography. You know, now, you might have seen that there's a $14.8 billion funding bill for next Gen 911 that passed the House unanimously. I'm not saying that money's gonna come to the States quickly, but it does signal that there is a recognized need to move beyond human-to-human 911 calls today and move to machine-to-machine so that the Internet of connected things, a Fitbit, a camera, and a doorbell, a camera overlooking a street intersection.
These kinds of machines in a 5G connected world, can trigger a 911 call when they see a problem, and that can't be handled by a human. That's gonna have to be handled by a machine. It's gonna drive the implementation of machine learning, AI solutions, data processing, cybersecurity, all those kinds of technologies are gonna come into play, and the number of transactions, the number of 911-like calls, the number of transactions are gonna go up. This is a market that is gonna experience a technology inflection over the upcoming couple of years, and the land grab that we successfully took initially, is gonna you can easily see where that will return improved profitability and growth as the technology inflection point really bends.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Perfect. Thanks. That's a good color. I just wanted to ask about you talked about the restructuring charges. There's also something you called out, strategic emerging technology costs. What is that, and is that gonna be repeating?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Sure. The strategic emerging technology costs are related to a LEO customer of ours, that we are taking our technology and upgrading it and enhancing it to meet the specs of their end-use application. This was something that we felt was important to show our LEO customer that we're ready to partner with them, and as we prepare for, hopefully, production orders to start being placed as their launch schedules are starting to approach, you know, that point in time where they need to start putting out some long lead orders. These are investments that we will continue to make. I would expect these to occur in Q4 and also as we, you know, navigate through fiscal 2024. As we get closer to production, I would see that would be the time where they would start to ramp down.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Okay, just so clear, like, this is work you're doing at the behest of the customer. This isn't something you're doing in hopes of obtaining orders from this customer. These orders are coming in some kind of reasonable time frame?
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Yeah, this is work that we're doing on our nickel. We have contracts with the end customer, to do certain development work, in the anticipation of also getting production orders down the line. We do have contracts in place with the customer, but what we've decided to do is to work collaboratively, given that this is a new market and this is a race. We felt that this is a great way to show our LEO customer that we're there to stand by them and support their endeavors. We took it upon ourselves to, you know, in this fiscal year, do some work, at risk, if you will, but we think that this will pay dividends, downstream, you know, as the constellation gets deployed.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Okay, great.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
It's not something that would be recurring.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Right. Okay. Lastly, in terms of EVOKE, do you have a time frame on, you know, when we might see some, I guess you called them last quarter, minimally viable products coming out of EVOKE and, you know, maybe a time frame to that and maybe a time frame to when maybe we might start to see some revenue coming from these partnerships?
Ken Peterman (Chairman, President, and CEO)
Yeah, sure. I'll say a couple of things. First of all, our EVOKE partners have been very active with us. If you are attending our investor day coming up in a couple of weeks, you will see their engagement. You will see the kind of collaborative things we're doing together. You will see how our technology, blended with their technology, creates more comprehensive customer values. In fact, I can say also that we have, in fact, contracts in hand, subcontracts that we have let to some of those EVOKE partners. We're not in a position. Look, it's very competitive as these growth initiatives take root, so we obviously have some sensitivity about that.
Yes, we have some contracts in place. We're seeing these things get traction. Some of these are coming out of the workshops that we had with our, with our prime customers, where they saw the value that Comtech could bring in our technology roadmaps, but they also saw the additional value that these partnerships bring. We're moving forward to demonstrate that for those customers, show the value creation in the customer's currency, you know, not in a technical parameter, but actually in a customer parameter, like additional subscribers on a network or additional revenue and profit creation, additional speed, reduction of operating costs or whatever it might be. Yes, we're not prepared to talk specifically about that, but yes, we are seeing those get traction.
Greg Burns (Senior Equity Research Analyst)
Perfect. Thank you.
Operator (participant)
All right. Thank you. At this time, there are no further questions in the queue. I would like to turn the call back over to Robert Samuels for any additional or closing remarks.
Mike Bondi (CFO)
Thanks, operator. Thanks, Ken, Mike, and everyone for dialing in today. As Ken said, there are additional details about our strategy and performance available in our investor letter and SEC filings, we'll provide ongoing insights and signals. As a reminder, we intend to be as responsive as we can with investors going forward. For anyone with questions, please reach out to me directly and let's connect. We look forward to seeing you on the 21st in Arizona. This concludes our third quarter call. We thank you for your continued support.
Operator (participant)
Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. This concludes today's program. We appreciate your participation. You may disconnect at any time.