Enhabit - Earnings Call - Q4 2024

Executive Summary

• Q4 2024 consolidated net service revenue was $258.2M with Adjusted EBITDA of $25.1M and Adjusted EPS of $0.04; GAAP diluted EPS was $(0.92) due to a $53.8M goodwill impairment.
• Hospice remained the growth engine: revenue rose 13.1% YoY to $57.8M and Adjusted EBITDA increased 13.7% YoY, with ADC up 8.6% and revenue/day up 4.2%.
• Home health revenue declined 4.3% YoY as Medicare volumes and recertifications fell; hurricanes and a late-quarter national contract renegotiation weighed on admissions, offset by payer innovation progress (48% of non-Medicare visits now in higher-rate contracts).
• FY 2025 guidance: net service revenue $1.050–$1.080B, Adjusted EBITDA $101–$107M, Adjusted EPS $0.41–$0.51; cadence implies sequential improvement through the year after a Q1 trough in home health.
• Stock-relevant catalysts: visible hospice momentum; home health payer mix optimization and Medicare stabilization; UNH national contract resolution enabling “full-service” status; ongoing branch consolidation/coding outsourcing to reduce costs.

What Went Well and What Went Wrong

What Went Well

• Hospice momentum: ADC up 8.6% YoY; revenue/day +4.2% YoY; Adjusted EBITDA +13.7% YoY with margin the highest post-spin, aided by CMS rate and lower cap accrual.
• Payer innovation progress: 48% of non-Medicare home health visits now in improved-rate contracts; non-Medicare admissions +10.7% YoY; management sees national/regional episodic contracts as a lever for mix and pricing.
• Cost discipline: home office G&A down ~12% YoY in Q4; debt reduced by $40M in 2024; available liquidity ~$80M; net debt/Adjusted EBITDA improved to 4.9x.

Select quotes:

• “We will be well positioned as a full-service provider… [and] the hospice segment exited 2024 with our highest average daily census since the spin” – CEO Barb Jacobsmeyer.
• “Consolidated adjusted EBITDA of $25.1M… an increase sequentially of $0.6M despite onetime challenges” – CFO Ryan Solomon.
• “Our teams continue to use pulse technology to manage a just right care plan… more efficient with episodic payers” – CEO.

What Went Wrong

• Home health Medicare volume pressure: Medicare net service revenue down 10.4% YoY; recertifications down 14.1% YoY; visits/episode declined modestly.
• Weather and contract headwinds: hurricanes reduced ADC and admissions; late Q4 national contract renegotiation limited growth, with replacement efforts ongoing.
• Non-GAAP to GAAP bridge dominated by impairment: $53.8M goodwill impairment drove GAAP net loss of $(46.0)M and EPS $(0.92) (Adjusted EPS $0.04) .
• Unit cost inflation: hospice cost/day +5.7% YoY (DME, pharmacy, merit); home health cost/visit +3.3% YoY; wage inflation remains a 2025 headwind.

Transcript

Operator (participant)

Hello, and welcome to the Enhabit Fourth Quarter 2024 Earnings Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session, and if you would like to ask a question during this time, please press star one on your telephone keypad. I would now like to turn the conference over to Jobie Williams, Enhabit Senior Vice President and Treasurer. You may begin.

Jobie Williams (SVP and Treasurer)

Thank you, Operator, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining our call today. With me on the call is Barb Jacobsmeyer, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Ryan Solomon, Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, if you do not already have a copy, the fourth quarter earnings release, supplemental information, and related Form 8-K filed with the SEC are available on our website at investors.ehab.com. On page two of the supplemental information, you will find the safe harbor statements, which are also set forth on the last page of the earnings release. During the call, we will make forward-looking statements, which are subject to risk and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control.

Certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our projections, estimates, and expectations are discussed in our SEC filings, including our annual report on Form 10-K, which are available on our website. We encourage you to read them. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the estimates, projections, guidance, and other forward-looking information presented, which are based on current estimates of future events and speak only as of today. We do not undertake a duty to update these forward-looking statements. Our supplemental information and discussion on this call will include certain non-GAAP financial measures. For such measures, reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measure is available at the end of the supplemental information and the earnings release. With that, I'll turn the call over to Barb.

Barb Jacobsmeyer (President and CEO)

Good morning, and thanks for joining us. I'm going to start with a review of the fourth quarter and then highlight how executing on our strategies in 2024 has laid the foundation for improved performance in 2025. Home health executed on specific growth strategies in 2024. Throughout the year, we focused on stabilizing our Medicare fee-for-service admissions as a percentage of overall home health admissions, growing the percentage of home health visits in our payer innovation contracts, and leveraging visit efficiency to increase clinical capacity. Similar to past quarters, fourth quarter Medicare fee-for-service constituted 44% of our home health admissions. Fourth quarter non-Medicare admissions were up 10.7% year-over-year, driving our total admission growth of 1.8%. Our home health team achieved total admissions growth even while replacing United Health Care volumes for much of the fourth quarter and managing through the impacts of Hurricane Helene and Milton.

If UHC volumes had remained flat and there had been no hurricanes, admission growth would have been 5.4%, which would have been in line with quarters two and three. We enter 2025 in a stronger position. With our new UHC contract in place, alongside our other two fully ramped-up national contracts, our home health teams are again able to be a full-service provider for our referral sources. Our teams are motivated and re-energized by the ability to turn their sole focus to admission and census growth. That focus is already driving results, with our census growth of 7.2% sequentially from January to February. January's ADC was 38,721 and grew to approximately 41,500 in February, with February exiting above 42,000. In 2024, we also increased the percentage of home health visits in payer innovation contracts. In the fourth quarter of 2023, 22% of non-Medicare visits were in payer innovation contracts.

That rate grew to 48% in the fourth quarter of 2024. Payer mix progress to payer innovation contracts throughout 2024 resulted in a 5.7% improvement year-over-year in non-Medicare revenue per visit. With over two-thirds of our payer innovation contracts in episodic arrangements, managing our visits per episode while maintaining high-quality outcomes is an important part of our strategy. Our teams continue to use Pulse technology to manage a just-right care plan for each of our patients, which allows us to be more efficient with episodic payers. Reflecting this trend, total visits per episode were 13.9 in quarter four, 2024, versus 14.3 in quarter four, 2023. Continued progress with managing visits per episode will allow for additional clinical capacity in 2025.

On the advocacy front, we joined others in the home health industry to make the new administration aware of the detrimental effects of the permanent and temporary payment adjustments CMS has written into the home health final rule in recent years. We fully support the recent consolidation of industry trade associations and believe this will create a stronger and unified voice for reversing CMS's negative adjustment trend. The changes include shutting down the Partnership for Quality Home Healthcare and that group joining efforts with the National Alliance for Care at Home. The alliance, which is a combination of the National Association for Home Care and Hospice and the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, has hired Scott Levy as its Chief Government Relations Officer, a position he formerly held at Amedisys. We appreciate the alliance's efforts and determination to support the industry and look forward to seeing its impact.

Moving now to our hospice segment, hospice has remained dedicated to executing the strategies established in 2023 and, as a result, realized significant growth in 2024. The strategies and processes we implemented in our hospice operations allow us to admit patients timely, provide top-quality care, and grow this business. We exited 2024 with our highest hospice census since the spin. Throughout 2024, we focused on growing census and gaining the operating leverage against the fixed cost structure associated with the case management staffing model. We met our census growth goal and concluded the year with sequential census growth each month of the year. In the fourth quarter, our average daily census increased 8.6% year-over-year, with same store up 7%. Our total admissions grew 6.5% year-over-year, with same store up 4.4%. We also met our goal of gaining operating leverage against the fixed cost structure.

Our 2024 full-year cost per day increased 2.6%, less than inflationary cost increases, and at the positive end of our guidance range. Execution of our case management model, the build-out of admission departments, and growth of business development teams collectively drove positive results in the hospice segment. We will build on these drivers and momentum in 2025. We have seen continued growth momentum. Our hospice average daily census continues to grow sequentially in January and February. To complement our organic growth strategy in both segments and to enter new markets with low capital cost, we continue our De Novo strategy. In 2024, we successfully opened six De Novo locations, five hospice and one home health. We funded 2024 De Novo projects with EBITDA generated by 2022 and 2023 De Novos. We have 14 De Novo projects in process, including the four continuing projects from 2024.

Our concentration continues to be weighted towards adding hospice locations adjacent to home health operations because we benefit from talent recruiting and market brand recognition, as well as referral source awareness. Turning now to cost structure strategies updates. On the Q3 call, we mentioned we would be closing or consolidating a number of branches. We are closing five home health and two hospice branches and will be consolidating one home health and two hospice branches. While notice has been given to staff and patients, branch closing dates vary by state due to notice requirements. We expect seven to be closed or consolidated by the end of quarter one 2025, with the remainder by the end of quarter two. We anticipate the impact of these closures and consolidations will improve 2025 adjusted EBITDA by approximately $1 million or by an annualized rate of $1.5 million.

We also indicated we were outsourcing coding functions as another cost savings measure. All branches will be transitioned by the end of the first quarter, which we estimate will deliver $1.5 million in cost savings for the remainder of 2025. I will turn it over to Ryan, who will cover the financial results of quarter four and our 2025 guidance.

Ryan Solomon (CFO)

Thank you, Barb. Before recapping the results for the fourth quarter, I would like to thank Barb and the broader Enhabit Board for the opportunity to join the team here as CFO back in December. In my short time in the role, it is clear to me that our strategy is sound and we are well positioned to deliver meaningful shareholder value. Many of the key elements are in place to deliver revenue growth across both segments while also creating leverage on our cost base. Combining these elements with a continued focus on a healthy payer mix in our home health segment should improve the overall margin profile of our business. As we execute this strategy, we will continue to focus on deleveraging our balance sheet to provide more flexibility under our capital structure and open additional avenues for growth.

Shifting to our Q4 consolidated results, we delivered improved performance sequentially both in revenue and adjusted EBITDA, despite one-time challenges within the quarter. In the fourth quarter, consolidated net revenue was $258.2 million, an increase sequentially of $4.6 million or 1.8% quarter over quarter, while a decrease of $2.4 million or 0.9% year-over-year. Consolidated sequential revenue growth was led by continued strong momentum in our hospice segment on both volume and rate, partially offset by lower revenue from the home health segment, primarily related to hurricane volume impacts early in the quarter. Consolidated revenue growth in the quarter translated into improved profitability sequentially, with consolidated adjusted EBITDA of $25.1 million in the quarter, an increase sequentially of $0.6 million or 2.4%, while remaining relatively flat year-over-year.

Drivers of Q4 consolidated profitability improvement sequentially include improved revenue performance, partially offset by our annual merit increase effective October 1. Before shifting to our Q4 segment performance commentary, I would like to highlight that we have incorporated new segment performance views recapping both revenue and margin performance into our supplemental materials that we intend to provide on a go-forward basis. We believe these to be helpful in visualizing performance both year-over-year and sequentially in terms of volume, unit revenue, unit cost, and adjusted EBITDA for both segments. The performance views for both segments will use census, which we will use interchangeably with the term average daily census or ADC for volume and unit metrics. Growing census is the ultimate driver of financial results in each of our business segments.

With 72% of our home health census now in episodic payers, we believe we can move to a more direct way of presenting our home health business metrics using census. For home health, both admissions and recertifications contribute to growing overall census, and growing census with the right payer mix ultimately drives increasing revenues. On the cost side, optimizing staffing while maintaining high-quality outcomes should create more clinical capacity and allow us to support more census on similar costs, thereby improving cost per patient day. Now shifting to Q4 home health segment performance. Revenue came in at $200.4 million, a decrease of $0.6 million or 0.3% sequentially on a volume decrease of 0.5% in average daily census, primarily due to hurricane-related impacts early in Q4.

This was partially offset by unit revenue per patient day increase of 0.1% sequentially, which was driven by growth in Medicare ADC of 1%, partially offset by lower patient acuity mix. Home health adjusted EBITDA totaled $35.5 million in Q4, reflecting a sequential decrease of $1.0 million or 2.7%, with a growth margin decrease of $0.2 million and an increase in back office operations G&A cost of $0.8 million. The growth margin decrease sequentially reflects lower patient volumes and a flat growth margin as a percent of revenue. We were able to offset the impact of merit with productivity gains at the growth margin level, while increased back office G&A is primarily due to an annual merit increase effective October 1. A few key items to highlight in home health outside of broader revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance include the following. Medicare ADC improved sequentially in Q4 to 19,818.

We have seen continued growth thus far in Q1 2025, with current Medicare ADC above 20,000. Based on current trends, we expect this sequential improvement to continue in Q1. In addition to Medicare ADC improvement, our overall episodic ADC, which includes both traditional Medicare and non-Medicare episodic payers, grew to 72% in Q4, in the third straight quarter of sequential improvement. This improves our mix of episodic ADC, which generally has a unit revenue advantage to non-episodic payers. We successfully managed cost of services in Q4, keeping our cost per patient day year-over-year to a 1% increase. This reflects improved productivity offset by the impact of merit and market-related increases. The unit cost results demonstrate our continued focus on controlling staffing cost through productivity and optimizing staff while maintaining patient care and quality. Now shifting to Q4 hospice segment performance.

Revenue came in at $57.8 million, an increase of $5.2 million or 9.9% sequentially on both a volume increase in average daily census of 3% and a unit revenue improvement of 6.9%, as the new CMS rate for hospice became effective October 1, coupled with hospice cap accrual favorability versus the prior quarter. Hospice adjusted EBITDA totaled $13.3 million in Q4, reflecting a sequential increase of $3.3 million or 33% on increased revenues combined with gross margin expansion as unit revenue growth outpaced unit cost increases primarily related to annual merit increase. A few key items to highlight in hospice outside of broader revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance include the following. Hospice adjusted EBITDA margin as a percent of revenue at 23% in Q4 reflects four straight quarters of sequential improvement and the highest adjusted EBITDA as a percent of revenue for this segment post-spin.

We continue to realize leverage benefits from growth as we mature the case management model. Q4 hospice ADC of 3,729 is 3.9% higher than the previous post-spin segment peak in Q4 of 2022. Q1 2025 trends indicate sequential ADC growth will continue in early 2025. Our De Novo strategy continues to plant the seeds for future growth as we open five hospice De Novo locations in 2024. Confidence in our De Novo strategy remains strong as contribution from the seven hospice locations launched in 2022 and 2023 generated $6.2 million of revenues and $1.2 million of adjusted EBITDA in full year 2024. Shifting to Q4 home office general and administrative expenses, which totaled $23.7 million or 9.2% of revenues in Q4, an increase of $1.7 million or 7.7% sequentially. This increase is primarily related to the merit increase effective October 1 and an unfavorable increase in group insurance claim costs.

Full year home office general and administrative totaled $100.8 million or 9.7% of revenues. This reflects a $7 million improvement to prior year, while also lowering our home office expenses as a percentage of revenue by 60 basis points to full year 2023. Improvements are primarily due to targeted cost savings initiatives and lower incentive compensation, which more than offset merit and other inflationary increases. Let's now transition to the balance sheet and cash flow performance. We remain focused on using free cash flow to improve our leverage profile, having reduced outstanding debt by approximately $40 million in 2024. We have available liquidity of approximately $80 million, including approximately $28 million of cash on hand. We believe this is adequate to support our operations, including our De Novo strategy.

In regard to cash flow, we generated approximately $54 million of adjusted free cash flow during 2024, which equates to an adjusted free cash flow conversion rate of approximately 54%. Let's now turn to 2025 guidance. Please note that our 2025 guidance and related considerations can be found in our supplemental materials. Our 2025 guidance range for net service revenue is $1,050,000,000-$1,080,000,000, with adjusted EBITDA in a range of $101 million-$107 million, reflecting growth of approximately 7% at the wide end of the range. We believe the quarterly cadence of our full year adjusted EBITDA guidance will reflect incremental sequential improvement each quarter throughout 2025, with acceleration post-Q1, where we expect 23%-24% of full year adjusted EBITDA to come in.

The quarterly cadence outline reflects a trough in our home health segment as we pivot from replacement to growth mode throughout Q1, following the signing of our national agreement in late Q4 2024. I will now briefly summarize the building blocks of our guidance, beginning with home health. As Barb mentioned in her remarks, we believe that 2024 was a foundational year to set the stage for consistent census growth while using the results of our payer innovation strategy to differentiate ourselves in the market as a true full-service provider to our referral sources, allowing us to both grow and improve mix. This, combined with continued staffing and cost discipline, should allow us to expand home health margins as we exit 2025, despite CMS rate reimbursement increases not keeping pace with our overall market inflation.

For home health volumes, we assume full year ADC growth of 4%-5%, which assumes a lower volume beginning entry point in 2025 than where we entered 2024, limiting full year growth rates. In addition to volume growth, we assume that we slow the rate of decline in Medicare volumes. We anticipate reducing our rate of Medicare volume decline approximately in half from what we saw in 2024 and more consistent with overall industry trends. In regard to home health unit revenue, we expect revenue per patient day to decrease 0.5% to remain flat on the full year, which reflects improvements in CMS Medicare pricing of approximately 1% in 2025 based on the home health final rule.

We also expect our Medicare Advantage pricing to improve based on the success of our payer innovation team, including a full year impact from the renegotiated national agreement with improved rates that became effective in January of 2025. These rate improvements will be largely offset by assumed unfavorable mix, primarily related to lower Medicare volumes. While we anticipate reducing our Medicare year-over-year ADC declines, we still anticipate this to be a mixed headwind, particularly in the first half of 2025, as we build back Medicare volumes from our trough in late 2024. For hospice, we remain focused on building our 2024 momentum and growing census, resulting in additional operating leverage in this segment. For hospice volumes in 2025, we assume hospice ADC growth of 7%-8.5%.

We anticipate building on the strong exit rate volumes from 2024 as we remain clinically staffed to grow and continue to execute on our broader De Novo strategy. For hospice pricing in 2025, we expect our hospice unit revenue per patient day to improve in the 4%-5% range, which reflects the hospice final rule effective October 1, combined with anticipated favorable hospice cap liability development and an inflection of a prospective CMS rate increase in October 2025. On the cost side of the equation, we face two primary headwinds in 2025: wage inflation and normalization of our incentive compensation expenses as we improve performance. In regards to wage inflation, we assume similar 3% merit and other market-related increases in 2025 to what we experienced in 2024.

The assumed continued wage inflation more than offsets our net reimbursement rate increases we received from Medicare in both segments, as well as our payer innovation efforts. In both our home health and hospice segments, we believe we can partially offset compensation inflation through productivity and optimization improvements and currently believe our unit cost will increase between 2% and 3% year-over-year. We expect our home office cost to remain relatively flat as a percent of the consolidated revenue at 9.7% of revenues, as merit increases and increased incentive compensation year-over-year are partially offset by run rate value of savings of 2024 reductions and continued cost discipline in 2025. As previously outlined, key components of our strategy in 2025 are to grow while optimizing our payer mix, with a particular focus on limiting our ADC rate of decline relative to prior years.

The assumptions around the mix are challenging to forecast and have an outsized impact on overall guidance assumptions. With this in mind, the difference between the low and high end of our guidance range primarily is dependent upon our ability to optimize our payer mix. We expect to generate $47 million-$58 million of adjusted free cash flow in 2025. Adjusted free cash flow in 2025 will be impacted by our return to cash income tax payments, which represents a $7 million-$8 million incremental use of cash in 2025 that we did not experience in 2024, largely offset with improved cash flow from operations and assumed improvement in working capital related to speeding up accounts receivable collection cycles. With our assumed free cash flow generation, we remain focused on reducing leverage through 2025.

With that, thank you for the time this morning, and I will turn the call back over to Barb for a few final comments.

Barb Jacobsmeyer (President and CEO)

Thanks, Ryan. Before we open the line for questions, I want to reflect on our team's drive in 2024. We remain committed to executing our strategies and delivering results. This was evidenced by our strong results in hospice, particularly in the second half of 2024. We made a large investment in our case management model in 2023, believing it key to changing our hospice business trajectory in a meaningful manner. Solving our capacity challenges through this investment allowed us to turn focus to our business development strategy, which resulted in increasing census growth throughout 2024 and into 2025. Similarly, for home health, we believe that executing on our payer strategy has laid the groundwork for long-term home health success.

At the end of the fourth quarter, we were forced to turn our focus to replacing business. That noise is behind us. We are attacking 2025 laser-focused on growth. Operator, we will now open the lines for questions.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, simply press star one again. We ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. Thank you. Please ensure you are not on speakerphone and that your phone is not on mute when called upon. Your first question comes from Brian Tanquilut of Jefferies. Your line is open.

Brian Tanquilut (Analyst)

Hey, good morning. Maybe, Barb, as I think about the momentum that we've seen you guys deliver in Q4, just curious how you're thinking about that carrying over into 2025, especially now that you have the BD team built out. Maybe kind of related to that, just what are your thoughts on fee-for-service and your ability to gain share there going forward?

Barb Jacobsmeyer (President and CEO)

Sure. First, on the hospice, we do feel confident that now that we have the case management model fully implemented and no capacity constraints, we've really started to build on that business development team. We do have the admissions department in every region now. That was something that was feedback from our referral sources that the key to really converting referrals is how quickly can we respond. We believe those admission departments have been critical.

You saw that sequential growth each month of 2024, and it has continued now in January and February. We do not see any reason why that should not continue. On the home health side, really being able now to turn fully to being that full-service provider. I mentioned the census growth that we have seen just from January to February. That has been with a nice mix. We are seeing a nice blend of adding the non-episodic, the episodic, and the fee-for-service. We are seeing the teams really balance that payer mix as we are growing our census here in the new year.

Brian Tanquilut (Analyst)

Got it. Maybe as I think about your comments in the press release about the payer innovation contract and then your prepared remarks as well, what kind of visibility do you have there?

How are you thinking about the leverage that you have to convert non-payer innovation contracts into better paying deals with MA plans?

Barb Jacobsmeyer (President and CEO)

Sure. We still have a lot of regional in the pipeline that we're working with. There is, I think, a renewed interest in moving towards episodic. I think one of the things we've really been able to help payers realize is that when you get into an episodic arrangement, it puts the responsibility on the provider to manage those visits and maintain or grow their quality outcomes. There continues to be good discussions with regional plans on episodic contracts. I don't see our payer innovation team slowing down in any way.

Brian Tanquilut (Analyst)

Awesome. Thank you.

Barb Jacobsmeyer (President and CEO)

Thanks, Brian.

The next question comes from Ryan Langston of TD Cowen. Your line is open.

Ryan Langston (Director and Analyst)

Thanks. Good morning. Maybe just follow up on Brian's question.

Jobie Williams (SVP and Treasurer)

On the home health payer innovation side, I think in the slides you have 49 new opportunities, 31 historical agreements you're renegotiating. How does that relate back to 2025 guidance? I guess is there some potential maybe upside to the guide depending on how the outcome of those negotiations happen?

Ryan Solomon (CFO)

Yeah, Ryan, thank you. This is Ryan here. In regards to the guide, the way we thought about that, it's really consistent with the information that we provided in our investor presentation in December. We believe that $19 million-$21 million of overall revenue improvement based on pricing is intact. When we think about the building blocks around that, it's really the CMS final rate rule, the recently negotiated national agreement that we saw in place. We haven't assumed any sort of material kind of payer innovation incremental unit revenues in that overall kind of revenue guide that we provided.

Ryan Langston (Director and Analyst)

Got it. And then just last one for me. The hospice revenue per day was up pretty nicely despite a pretty tough comp from last year. I think, Ryan, you said maybe some benefit from hospice cap accruals versus the third quarter. Any way you could break down sort of the components between maybe sort of true rate and what those accruals were? Thanks.

Ryan Solomon (CFO)

Yeah. So when we think about the hospice cap accrual benefit, when we look at that, overall, what we saw and we included in our supplemental materials was about a $1.4 million benefit. And so when you normalize for that, you're going to see it more consistent with what you would have expected in overall kind of Medicare rate increase that we saw within the quarter.

Once you set that aside, I think it would be pretty consistent with what we would have expected from a Medicare rate increase perspective.

Ryan Langston (Director and Analyst)

Okay. Thanks. Appreciate it.

Operator (participant)

If there are no further questions at this time, I will turn the call to Jobie Williams for closing remarks.

Jobie Williams (SVP and Treasurer)

If you have any additional questions, please email [email protected]. Thank you again for joining today's call.

Operator (participant)

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for joining. You may now disconnect.