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Howmet Aerospace Inc. (HWM)·Q1 2025 Earnings Summary
Executive Summary
- Record Q1 2025 revenue of $1.94B (+6% YoY), adjusted EBITDA margin rose to 28.8% (+480 bps YoY), and adjusted EPS reached $0.86 (+51% YoY), exceeding all aspects of baseline guidance .
- Fastening Systems and Engineered Structures delivered notable margin progression; Wheels faced market softness but held a 27% EBITDA margin .
- FY 2025 guidance raised: baseline adj. EBITDA to $2.25B (+$120M), adj. EPS to $3.40 (+$0.23), FCF to $1.15B (+$75M); revenue range widened to $7.88B–$8.18B (baseline $8.03B unchanged) .
- Near-term catalysts: spares hit
20% of total revenue (a year ahead of plan), Boeing 737 MAX rate assumption increased, and Fitch upgraded HWM to BBB+; tariffs expected to have <$15M net impact in 2025 with pass-through, causing temporary Q2 margin drag .
What Went Well and What Went Wrong
What Went Well
- “Solid start to 2025, setting quarterly records in revenue, Adjusted EBITDA*, Adjusted EBITDA margin*, and Adjusted EPS* while exceeding all aspects of our baseline guidance” — John Plant .
- Fastening Systems and Engineered Structures posted standout margin gains (FS to 30.8%, ES to 21.3%) on productivity and mix optimization .
- Spares momentum: reached ~20% of total revenue, up ~33% across Commercial Aero, Defense, IGT, and O&G; balances growth narrative and supports margin quality .
What Went Wrong
- Commercial Transportation softness: Wheels revenue down 13% YoY; segment EBITDA -17% YoY (margin held 27.0%) .
- Wide-body ramp delay and supply-chain constraints (787 and A350 component issues), moderating near-term trajectory despite strong backlogs .
- LEAP LPT destocking and inventory digestion at Boeing dampened sequential Commercial Aero growth; normalization expected as production rises through H2 .
Financial Results
Segment Breakdown (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024)
KPIs and Balance Sheet Highlights (Q1 2025)
Guidance Changes
Earnings Call Themes & Trends
Management Commentary
- “Margin progression within the Fastening Systems and Engineered Structures segments was particularly noteworthy. Free cash flow was healthy at $134 million… and marked the eighth consecutive quarter of positive free cash flow generation.” — John Plant .
- “End markets continue to be healthy… EBITDA, EBITDA margin and EPS were all records and exceeded the high end of guidance… Net debt to trailing EBITDA remains at a record low of 1.4x.” — Ken Giacobbe .
- “Net tariff costs… expected to be passed on to customers… net impact less than $15 million in 2025… Q2 margin lower than Q1 essentially because of tariff drag.” — John Plant .
- “We are building capacity in Japan and Europe [IGT]… expansions backed by solid customer agreements for many years.” — John Plant .
Q&A Highlights
- Tariffs: Gross impact worst case
$80M; net 2025 impact <$15M after mitigation and pass-through; two units primarily affected; >90% of revenue covered by agreements in one unit; ~50% covered via distribution in another; temporary Q2 margin drag . - Narrow-body rates: 737 MAX assumption raised to 28/month (from 25), implying H2 production pickup; inventory digestion at Boeing tempered Q1 sequential growth; A320 mid-50s assumptions maintained .
- Engine blades and certification: LEAP‑1A cutover complete; LEAP‑1B certification targeted by end of 2025; GTF Advantage changeover targeted mid-2025, adds content and durability .
- Spares mix: ~20% of total revenue; Commercial Aero/Defense spares grew >40%, IGT/O&G ~15%; drives margin quality .
- Segment margins sustainability: ES improvements from process control, scrap reduction, footprint optimization and mix; FS contracts and productivity gains; management targets high-teens ES margins sustained in 2025 .
Estimates Context
- S&P Global Wall Street consensus for Q1 2025 EPS and revenue was unavailable at the time of this analysis.
- Relative to company guidance for Q1 issued on Feb 13, 2025 (Revenue $1.935B, adj. EBITDA $520M, EPS $0.76), actuals were stronger: Revenue $1.942B, adj. EBITDA $560M, EPS $0.84 GAAP / $0.86 adjusted, representing an across-the-board beat versus internal guidance .
- Given raised FY guidance and strong Q1 margins, sell-side models may need to lift FY adj. EBITDA, adj. EPS, and FCF assumptions and incorporate tariff pass-through timing and Q2 drag as indicated by management .
Key Takeaways for Investors
- Strong quarter with quality: broad margin expansion (adj. EBITDA margin 28.8%) and robust spares mix (~20% of revenue) should support sustained earnings power even amid wide-body and tariff noise .
- Guidance risk skewed positive: FY adj. EBITDA/EPS/FCF raised; revenue range widened for uncertainty, but Boeing rate assumption increased and defense/IGT strength underpin outlook .
- Temporary Q2 margin headwind from tariffs likely fades by H2 as pass-throughs normalize; 2025 net impact guided <~$15M .
- Segment leadership: Engines at 32.6% margin, FS at 30.8%, ES at 21.3% — operational improvements and mix should continue to compound as build rates rise .
- Capital returns and balance sheet optionality: $225M buybacks (Q1+April), dividend doubled YoY to $0.10, net leverage ~1.4x, Fitch to BBB+; management targeting stronger “fortress” balance sheet by year-end .
- Watch list: Boeing inventory digestion and timing of 737 MAX/787 recovery; LEAP‑1B certification; GTF Advantage cutover; tariff trajectories; Wheels volumes in H2 .