NACCO Industries - Earnings Call - Q3 2025

Executive Summary

• Q3 2025 delivered solid sequential improvement: revenue $76.6M (+12% QoQ), operating profit $6.8M (from break-even in Q2), EBITDA $12.5M (+35% QoQ), and diluted EPS $1.78, while YoY comparisons were pressured by a $13.6M insurance recovery in Q3 2024.
• Contract Mining and Minerals & Royalties posted substantial YoY operating profit gains; Utility Coal Mining was impacted by Mississippi Lignite’s contractual pricing mechanics, reducing per‑ton sales price in 2025.
• Outlook: Q4 2025 operating profit expected comparable to prior-year; full-year net income and EBITDA to decline substantially YoY due to lower operating profit and a non‑cash pension settlement charge upon plan termination; momentum expected to build in 2026.
• Catalysts: New multi-year Everglades civil project (dragline services) and 10‑year limestone contract expand Contract Mining’s portfolio; Board authorized a new $20M repurchase program through 2027 post-quarter, reinforcing capital returns discipline.

What Went Well and What Went Wrong

• What Went Well

  • Contract Mining: Tons delivered +20% YoY to 14.385M, with improved margins and higher parts sales driving operating profit to $1.9M and Segment Adjusted EBITDA to $4.7M.
  • Minerals & Royalties: Operating profit $8.0M (+29% YoY) on higher natural gas prices and equity income; Segment Adjusted EBITDA $8.9M.
  • Management tone and growth strategy: “Our Q3 operating profit of almost $7 million…demonstrates solid progress…momentum continues to build” and long‑term target of $150M annual EBITDA in 5–7 years.

• What Went Wrong

  • Utility Coal Mining: Underlying Mississippi Lignite Mining Company (MLMC) results pressured by contract formula pricing, lowering per‑ton price despite operational efficiencies; segment operating profit fell YoY given the prior-year insurance benefit.
  • Unallocated expense increased due to higher medical costs, share‑based comp tied to share price, and business development spending, weighing consolidated operating profit vs Q3 2024.
  • Reported YoY comparisons: Q3 2025 operating profit $6.8M vs $19.7M in Q3 2024, with the prior year boosted by $13.6M business interruption insurance income.

Transcript

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

Thank you for standing by. My name is Tina, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the NACCO Industries third quarter 2025 earnings conference call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question, press star one on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, press star one again. Thank you. It is now my pleasure to turn the call over to Christina Kmetko with Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Christina Kmetko (Head of Investor Relations)

Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us for today's third quarter 2025 earnings call. I'm Christina Kmetko, and I oversee investor relations here at NACCO. I'm joined by our President and CEO, J.C. Butler, and our Senior Vice President and Controller, Elizabeth Loveman. Yesterday evening, we released our third quarter results and filed our 10-Q with the SEC. Both are available on our website for your reference. Before we get into the results, let me remind you that today's discussion will include forward-looking statements. As always, actual outcomes could differ materially due to various risks and uncertainties, which are outlined in our earnings release, 10-Q, and other filings. We undertake no obligation to update these statements. We'll also be referencing certain non-GAAP metrics to give you a clearer picture of how we think about our business. Reconciliations to GAAP can be found in the materials we posted online.

Lastly, as a reminder, during the second quarter, we changed the names of our reportable segments. Coal mining was renamed Utility Coal Mining. North American Mining is now Contract Mining, and Minerals Management was renamed Minerals and Royalties. Segment composition and historical reporting are unchanged. With the housekeeping comments complete, I'll turn the call over to J.C. for his opening remarks. J.C.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Thanks, Christy, and good morning, everyone. I'm happy to report that our third quarter operating profit of almost $7 million improved sequentially from very disappointing second quarter break-even results. Our Q3 2025 EBITDA increased to $12.5 million, up from $9.3 million in Q2. This sequential increase was driven by improvements in all segments and demonstrates solid progress in growing our businesses and boosting our profitability. I'm pleased we were able to overcome most of last quarter's temporary operational challenges to deliver these solid third quarter results. Our utility coal mining segment is the foundation of our business, anchored by our long-term mining contracts. We continue to have solid demand on our unconsolidated coal mining operations. However, Mississippi Lignite Mining Company's results continue to be impacted by contractual pricing mechanics that are creating a reduced per ton sales price.

The team is working diligently to run the mines as efficiently as possible to meet demand while keeping costs at a minimum, but they cannot outrun the contract mechanics. We anticipate that this contractual pricing anomaly will begin to rectify itself as we move into 2026. In our contract mining segment, which is operated by North American Mining, tons delivered grew 20% year over year and 3% sequentially. Higher customer demand and improved margins at the mining operations led to substantial improvements in both year over year and sequential results. These improved results stem in part from contracts negotiated in recent years and other growth initiatives for this business. Our contract mining segment is our growth platform for mining, and we continue to add long-term contracts to its expanding portfolio. We provide contract mining services for several of the top 10 U.S.

producers of aggregates, and our expanding pipeline of potential new deals is strong. We believe this positions our contract mining segment as a core driver of future growth. Just last week, North American Mining executed a multi-year contract to provide drag line services for an embankment dam construction project in Palm Beach County, Florida, that is expected to be accretive to earnings beginning in Q2 2026. We are excited about this contract as it advances our growth into large-scale infrastructure projects. It also provides an opportunity to showcase the efficiency and environmental advantages of the new electric drive MTEC drag lines, a key factor in our selection for the project. These new MTEC drag lines enhance efficiency and uptime for our customers. We're the exclusive dealer for MTEC drag lines in all but two U.S. states.

Turning to our minerals and royalties segment, Catapult completed a $4.2 million strategic acquisition in July, which expands our mineral interests in the Midland Basin. The acquisition includes a mix of producing wells as well as additional upside opportunities through future development with existing operators in that region. The Catapult team continues to look for additional investment growth opportunities that will be accretive to earnings. Mitigation Resources, a strong reputation, and clear competitive strengths are supporting continued expansion into new markets. Although the business continues to be variable in performance due to permit and project timing, it is expected to achieve full-year profitability in 2026 and more consistent results over time as new projects are secured. Overall, I believe we're well positioned for meaningful growth.

Our business model is built on long-term contracts and investments, delivering strong earnings and steady cash flows that will help us deliver compounding annuity-like returns over time. We've followed this approach over the last decade, and momentum continues to build. That's why I'm confident in these businesses and our ability to deliver solid 2025 fourth quarter operating results with continued progress into 2026 and beyond. Our long-term strategy is laid out in our latest investor presentation. A copy of that presentation is on our website, along with a recording from the end of August when we attended an investor conference in Chicago. In this presentation, we explain how we have built a portfolio of strong businesses focused on compounding growth, and we describe our strategies for achieving our long-term target of $150 million of annual EBITDA in the next five to seven years.

If you've not seen that presentation, I encourage you to review it after this call. With that, I'll turn the call over to Liz to provide a more detailed view of our financial results and outlook.

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

Thank you, J.C. I'll start with some high-level comments about our consolidated third quarter financial results compared to 2024. Then I'll discuss the results at our individual segments. Consolidated revenues were $76.6 million, up 24% year over year, while gross profit of $10 million improved 38%. While consolidated earnings improved sequentially, as J.C. mentioned, they decreased compared with the prior year third quarter due to the 2024 $13.6 million benefit for business interruption insurance recoveries. Our third quarter 2025 operating profit was $6.8 million, down from $19.7 million last year. Excluding the insurance recovery income, the underlying consolidated operational performance overall was stronger, with a net improvement in operating results. Substantial year-over-year operating profit improvements in our contract mining and minerals and royalties segments more than offset lower results in the utility coal mining segment and an increase in unallocated expenses.

We reported third quarter 2025 net income of $13.3 million, or $1.78 per share, versus $15.6 million, or $2.14 per share in 2024. Significant favorable tax effects in the current quarter helped minimize the decline in net income. EBITDA was $12.5 million versus $25.7 million for the same period last year. Moving to the individual segments. At the utility coal mining segment, the decline in operating profit and segment-adjusted EBITDA was primarily driven by the 2024 insurance recoveries that I've just mentioned. The underlying Mississippi Lignite Mining Company business results were also affected by a reduced contractually determined per ton sales price in 2025. Looking ahead, we anticipate steady customer demand for the remainder of 2025 and in 2026 at our unconsolidated mining operations. At Mississippi Lignite Mining Company, fourth quarter 2025 results are expected to improve over 2024 due to operational efficiencies.

However, this improvement is not expected to offset the effect of the reduction in the 2025 contractually determined per ton sales price, causing Mississippi Lignite Mining Company's and the utility coal mining segment's 2025 full-year results to decline compared with 2024. We expect improving profitability in 2026, driven by anticipated improvements at Mississippi Lignite Mining Company in both sales price and cost per ton delivered, particularly if the customer's power plant is able to operate more consistently and formula-based pricing improves as expected. In the contract mining segment, revenues net of reimbursed costs rose 22%, driven by higher customer demand and increased part sales. Improved margins at the mining operations, an increase in part sales, and lower operating expenses led to significant increases in both operating profit and segment-adjusted EBITDA.

Operational efficiencies, partly offset by elevated operating expenses, are expected to lead to improved 2025 fourth quarter profits in the contract mining segment, with momentum accelerating into 2026. These factors, combined with earnings from the new contract J.C. mentioned, are expected to lead to a significant increase in year-over-year results. At the minerals and royalties segment, operating profit and segment-adjusted EBITDA increased year-over-year, primarily due to an improvement in earnings from an equity investment and increased royalty revenues, mainly driven by higher natural gas prices. Looking forward, minerals and royalties operating profit and segment-adjusted EBITDA for the 2025 fourth quarter are expected to decrease compared with 2024, primarily driven by current market expectations for natural gas and oil prices, as well as development and production assumptions.

While fourth quarter 2025 results are projected to decline, full-year operating profit is expected to increase over 2024, excluding a $4.5 million gain on sale recognized in the 2024 second quarter. In 2026, operating profit is expected to increase modestly over 2025, as income from Catapult's newer investments is expected to be mostly offset by reductions in earnings from legacy assets. Overall, we anticipate consolidated operating profit for the 2025 fourth quarter to be comparable to the prior year quarter. Full-year operating profit will be lower than 2024, due in part to the 2025 second quarter break-even results. We're also terminating our pension plan during the fourth quarter, which will simplify our financial structure going forward. While the plan is overfunded, the termination will trigger a non-cash settlement charge.

The pension settlement charge and lower operating profit are expected to lead to a substantial year-over-year decrease in net income and EBITDA compared with the 2024 fourth quarter and full year. We expect meaningful year-over-year improvements in both operating profit and net income in 2026. From a liquidity standpoint, at September 30, we had total debt outstanding of $80.2 million, down from $95.5 million at June 30 and $99.5 million at December 31, 2024. Our total liquidity was $152 million, which consisted of $52.7 million of cash and $99.3 million of availability under our revolving credit facility. During the quarter, we paid $1.9 million in dividends, and as of September 30, 2025, we had $7.8 million remaining under our $20 million share repurchase program that expires at the end of 2025.

We are forecasting up to $44 million in capital spending for the remainder of this year and up to $70 million in 2026. Most of this is earmarked for new business development. As our returns from previous investments start to materialize, we expect cash flows to improve over the prior year. In 2026, we expect cash flows to be comparable to 2025. With that, I'll hand it back to J.C. for closing remarks.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Thanks, Liz. To wrap up, I have a lot of confidence in our trajectory and our future. We're operating in an increasingly favorable environment. There is strong and growing demand for energy and for the products and services that we provide. Recent government support is also helping to strengthen all of our businesses. I believe the building blocks for durable compounding growth at NACCO are firmly in place. Our team is focused on execution, operational discipline, and driving long-term returns for shareholders. We remain confident in our ability to deliver sound fourth quarter 2025 operating results, with momentum building as we move into 2026. With that, we'll now turn to any questions you may have.

Operator (participant)

Again, to ask a question, press Star 1 on your telephone keypad. That's Star 1 to ask a question, and we'll pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Doug Weiss with DSW Investment.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Hey, good morning.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Good morning, Doug.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Congrats on a good quarter. You know, I guess starting with the contract mining segment. I just look in your financial filings, you ascribe about $200 million of asset value to that segment. It looks like at the moment, the ROIC is a little below your targets of mid-teens ROIC. I'm just curious, is that a function of how the contracts were priced historically? Going forward, do you think you've made changes that will address that, or are there other factors you would point to?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Yeah, good question. I would say that there's a little bit of, I guess I'd call it, timing. There's both past and future in there. You've got assets that are attributed to projects that we're working on, contracts we've got that are fully operational and delivering full levels of profitability. There's also assets in that segment with respect to things that are yet to deliver. We talked about the long-term nature of these projects, and they tend to be invest and then harvest kind of projects where if we do put capital upfront, it's because we're going to earn returns later. I guess one place I would point in the contract mining segment is the Sawtooth Mine in northern Nevada, where we've agreed to commit some of the initial capital for equipment. We get repaid for that over time.

That project is not going to really fire up and start delivering full levels of profitability until, I think, end of 2027 is when we expect to start delivering lithium. 2028, 2029, beyond that, I mean, this is going to be a great project for us. Some of the capital that you are seeing in that total asset number includes things like that. I mentioned Sawtooth. It is not the only one. I guess the other one I would point out is we just yesterday, was it yesterday, we released the announcement about the failed project?

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

Tuesday.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Tuesday, two days ago already. We announced, issued a press release for a new project that we signed up in Florida, which we mentioned in our comments. We got some capital committed there as well. That's going to start delivering profitability early next year. It's a bit of a mismatch between assets that are there and the current profitability of the business. In all honesty, I think that's given the way we're growing the business and continuing to grow the business with these long-term projects, I think there will probably always be a bit of this mismatch in those metrics when you look at them purely on a period basis. Liz, do you have anything you'd add to that?

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

No, I think that is a good description.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Okay. That's all.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

It does. It does. And then you've traditionally done drag line work, but you've—Sawtooth, I believe, is surface work. I'm curious, are the economics any different as you move outside of drag line? Do you have a desire to—do you have a preference between those types of projects?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Let me get to the preference piece at the end because I got to think about that. The contract mining segment is really mining services for things that are not coal or not coal-related to energy generation. You're right, there's one piece to business. Fifteen years ago, we called it Florida Drag Line Operations, and it was using drag lines to mine aggregates that were underwater for aggregate producers. Over the last 10 years, we've been expanding that. Really, we can kind of do any kind of mining. When you think about the very comprehensive scope of what we do at our coal mining operation, we can run drag lines. We can do truck shovel operations for people. We run Wirtgen surface miners. As you get to Sawtooth, we're going to run the entire mine.

Now, there's no drag line at Sawtooth, and there won't be. It is much more akin to one of our surface mines where we're doing everything from start to finish with respect to the mining. That is different than the drag line operations where we are just running a single piece of equipment. We're really happy to deliver whatever kind of services a customer needs. Really, our preference is that we find a partner that's a good long-term partner where we can really be an integrated part of their operations. When you think of all of those things that we do in the contract mining segment, we're part and parcel of what happens with each customer's project. If that's running a drag line, that's fine. If it's running lots of equipment, that's fine too. I would say that.

The more work we do at a given location, the more opportunities we have to get paid for our service since we really are, at the end of the day, a service company. It is really more about finding the right partners and the right projects than having a strong preference for one model over the other. Happy to grow in any way.

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

I would also add that our fee would be commensurate. If we bring capital to the table, we would structure our fee to cover the cost of that capital.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Yeah, that's fair. If we're operating somebody else's equipment, we're going to have a lower fee there. If we bring capital, obviously, we need to be compensated for the capital we're bringing. Good point, Liz.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Right. I mean, in terms of your new business development. Do you have a salesforce that your typical person out there in the field, are they. Do you have people who are entirely focused on aggregate and people who are focused on non-aggregate opportunities, or does everyone sort of cover everything?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

We operate with sort of a one-team approach, very much a one-team approach. So anybody that's out in a business development effort knows that they have specific things that they can offer as well as comprehensive things they can offer. Because, as a good example, this field project we just signed up in Florida, we're going to be operating drag lines there to build this embankment. To the extent that that project needs assistance or wants advice from any other part of the business, we'll be there in a heartbeat no matter whether they're in the environmental part of the business, Mitigation Resources of North America, or an expert from North American Coal. Our business development people really are very well informed and well educated about the range of capabilities that we have. We approach each project and each potential customer with kind of a.

It can be specific or it can be very broad in terms of what they need.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Okay. In the utility coal segment.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Sorry, just one more thing on that. We think that that approach helps us identify and secure more projects than if we're very specific. I don't really think of any of our people as salesmen given the long-term nature of it. I think it's more like business development. We believe that if they're focusing broadly on solutions that we can provide for potential customers, we're more likely to come up with success as opposed to having somebody focused on one specific area. They might not be addressing the larger opportunities that might reside with that potential customer.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

I mean, so if you were to just look out five years from today. I mean, I think today you're predominantly aggregate mining, plus Sawtooth, and then you had the phosphate opportunity and this new opportunity, and maybe there are others that I'm not aware of. But if you look 5 to 10 years from now, would you see the business as more diversified, or would you still see aggregates as the predominant end customer?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

You're really talking about the pie chart of what's the mix of business. I think, 5, 10 years from now, the pie chart's going to be a lot bigger. We're going to have a lot more projects. Given the opportunities that we're seeing on the horizon. I would just add that as we expand the areas of the country where we operate and we expand the range of equipment and the customers we have, that just creates more opportunities to touch people and get to know people in various areas. I think we're going to see an increasing range of opportunities just because we're operating in more areas. I think that the aggregates piece is going to continue to be a substantial part of the business. We operate equipment for some of the very largest aggregates producers in the United States.

We continue to find new business for them. I think that's going to continue to grow. I also think that we're going to continue to find more opportunities, perhaps even an increasing pace of new opportunities that are broader than just mining aggregates for aggregates production. You look at the fail contract. I mean, it's kind of got one foot in both camps because in one respect, we're going to use a drag line to excavate aggregates, but the aggregates are going to be used to build this embankment, this dam. It's really more of a civil earthworks project than it is delivering aggregates to an aggregates producer that's selling them for construction and cement and other things. I think that's introducing a new market to us that we're very excited about.

This happens to be a civil earthworks project that we'll use as a drag line, but we now have our toe in a market where we could put the full range of skills that we have to work and find new opportunities. I think, I mean, I've got actually a fair amount of confidence that 5-10 years from now, you're going to see a lot more things inside this contract mining business that we're doing today. I still think the limestone business is going to be a very important piece of that, given the strength of the customers that we work with.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Okay. Sounds good. Let's see. On the utility coal segment. You've had this pricing agreement that has pressured this year's results. In the K, it describes what sounds like a similar contractual structure in the unconsolidated operations. I'm just curious. Obviously, those are doing well. I'm just curious how those two contracts differ and if there's any risk on the unconsolidated.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

You're asking about the difference between the unconsolidated mines and Red Hills? Yep.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

The industry is different.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Entirely different contracts. Entirely different contract structures. The unconsolidated mines are purely fee-for-service. The customers pay 100% of the cost at a mine. They provide all the capital in one form or another, either through guaranteeing loans or funding us directly. We collect a fee for every ton of coal that we deliver. It is purely a service business. At the MLMC, Mississippi Lignite Mining Company, Red Hills Mine, that is a more traditional contract, generally. We own all the capital. We pay all the costs. Where it is a little different than a typical mining contract is the price that we sell the coal for is not market price. It is a price that is determined by a contractual formula. This formula was devised in 1994, 1995, long before any of us were involved. It has very particular mechanics with respect to how.

We are able to charge for the coal that we deliver related to the change in indices, a basket of indices over time that reflect inputs that are used at mining. Think about things like diesel fuel and tires and labor. It is this set of indices that match those things, and you look how those change over time, both over a one-year and five-year period. Then you do a bunch of math. We are going through a period right now where if you think about five years ago, right, five years ago was November of 2020, we were going through all the whipsaws of indices related to COVID. We are seeing the five-year look-back piece of the formula sort of jerking us around. At the same time, we have lower diesel prices. It is an entirely different contract structure.

I guess I would point out that, look, the operating profit can get beat up by this. I tend to look at EBITDA for this contract. Because even though we've spent a lot of capital in the past. That contract expires in 2032. So we're really not putting a lot more capital in there. I think EBITDA with respect to that mine, and actually the whole segment, is a better metric for me to watch.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Right. No, that makes sense. I guess what I was curious about is it sounds like the unconsolidated is just a fairly straightforward inflation adjuster. In other words, you just, in terms of what fees you're paid.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

It's CPI and PPI. For the most part, I think maybe there's some other indices, but fee basically goes up by CPI and PPI.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Okay. Got it. Got it. You had a little bit of a larger-than-normal unallocated expense line this quarter. Could you say why that was up?

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

Yes. There's a few things in there that are causing that increase, mainly employee-related. There's two components to that. We had higher medical expenses. We also had our share-based compensation. We had an increase in our share price if you look year-over-year. When you include that component into our incentive compensation calculation, purely because of the increase in share price, we're going to have a higher incentive compensation expense. We also had higher business development expenses running through the quarter.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Okay. Okay. Are you still moving ahead with your solar project?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Yes. Yes. We are working pretty diligently right now on getting those projects that are in the pipeline safe harbored for tax credit purposes. Yeah, we're working on those very diligently.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

It sounds like you're looking at multiple locations now for those?

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

Yes.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

Okay. Let's see. That might be all I had. I appreciate all the good work. It really seems like things are moving in the right direction. Thank you and talk next quarter.

J.C. Butler (President and CEO)

We appreciate your continuing interest and your great questions. Thanks for calling.

Doug Weiss (Analyst)

All right. Thanks for calling.

Operator (participant)

Christine?

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

Okay. I'll turn over that.

Operator (participant)

I'll turn the call back over to Christina.

Elizabeth Loveman (SVP and Controller)

All right. With that, we'll conclude. Before we do, I'd like to provide a few reminders. A replay of our call will be available online later this morning. We'll also post a transcript on our website when it becomes available. If you do have any questions, please reach out to me. My number is in our press release. I hope you enjoy the rest of your day. I'll turn it back to Tina to conclude the call.

Operator (participant)

As Christina said, an audio recording of this event will be available later this evening via the Echo Replay platform. To access the platform by phone, playback ID is 728.4609, followed by the pound key. This replay will expire on Thursday, November 13th, at 11:59 P.M. Thank you for joining us today. This does conclude today's conference call. You may now disconnect.