Nutanix - Q1 2025

Executive Summary

• Q1 FY25 revenue was $591.0M, up 16% YoY, with GAAP diluted EPS $0.10 and non-GAAP diluted EPS $0.42. Results exceeded company guidance on revenue ($565–$575M) and non-GAAP operating margin (20% actual vs 14.5%–15.5% guided) driven by strong renewals and lower expenses from nonrecurring payments/credits.
• ARR reached $1.97B (+18% YoY), free cash flow was $151.9M (+$19.4M YoY), and average contract duration was 3.1 years, reflecting healthy subscription fundamentals despite elongated sales cycles and softer U.S. federal expansion in the quarter.
• Management maintained FY25 revenue at $2.435–$2.465B but raised FY25 non-GAAP operating margin to 16%–17% (from 15.5%–17%) and free cash flow to $560–$610M (from $540–$600M), citing prudent caution amid macro uncertainty and longer deal cycles.
• Strategic catalysts: expanded AWS partnership (migration credits and accelerator program to move VMware workloads to NC2 on AWS), AI platform advances (GPT‑in‑a‑Box 2.0 and Enterprise AI leveraging NVIDIA NIM), and early go-to-market leverage from Dell/Cisco partnerships; these themes underpinned confidence and pipeline growth for larger deals.

What Went Well and What Went Wrong

• What Went Well

  • Revenue and operating margin beat company guidance; CFO: “Non-GAAP operating margin in Q1 was 20%, higher than our guided range… largely due to higher revenue and… lower expenses including… nonrecurring payments and credits.”
  • ARR growth of 18% YoY and strong free cash flow generation; CEO: “We exceeded all our guided metrics… grew our ARR 18% year-over-year… and saw solid free cash flow generation.”
  • Strategic momentum: expanded AWS collaboration to accelerate migrations to NC2 on AWS; AI capabilities launched (GPT‑in‑a‑Box 2.0/Enterprise AI) enabling hybrid GenAI deployments on-prem and in public cloud.

• What Went Wrong

  • Net dollar-based retention rate (NRR) was 110%; expansion was challenged mainly by U.S. federal softness versus a strong prior-year compare due to an elongated continuing resolution impacting spend.
  • Sales cycles modestly elongated; larger deals require C‑suite approvals and exhibit variability in timing/outcome and structure, tempering net-new ARR growth despite strong new logo land performance.
  • Management maintained FY revenue guide despite the Q1 beat, citing macro/political uncertainty and timing variability; this prudence implies back-half margin compression as OpEx ramps through FY25.

Transcript

Operator (participant)

Welcome to the Nutanix First Quarter 2025 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star one one on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising that your hand has been raised. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce Vice President of Investor Relations, Rich Valera.

Rich Valera (VP of Investor Relations)

Good afternoon, and welcome to today's conference call to discuss First Quarter Fiscal Year 2025 financial results. Joining me today are Rajiv Ramaswami, Nutanix's President and CEO, and Rukmini Sivaraman, Nutanix's CFO. After the market closed today, Nutanix issued a press release announcing First Quarter Fiscal Year 2025 results. If you'd like to read the release, please visit the press releases section of our IR website. During today's call, management will make forward-looking statements, including financial guidance. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from those anticipated by these statements. For a more detailed description of these and other risks and uncertainties, please refer to our SEC filings, including our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, as well as our earnings press release issued today.

These forward-looking statements apply as of today, and we undertake no obligation to revise these statements after this call. As a result, you should not rely on them as predictions of future events. Please note, unless otherwise specifically referenced, all financial measures we use on today's call, except for revenue, are expressed on a non-GAAP basis and have been adjusted to exclude certain charges. We have provided, to the extent available, reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures on our IR website and in our earnings press release. Nutanix will be participating in the Raymond James TMT and Consumer Conference in New York on December 10 and the Barclays Global Technology Conference in San Francisco on December 12. We hope to see some of you at these events. Finally, our Second Quarter Fiscal 2025 quiet period will begin on January 18.

With that, I'll turn the call over to Rajiv. Rajiv?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Thank you, Rich, and good afternoon, everyone. We're happy to report first-quarter results that came in ahead of our guidance. We continue to see steady demand for our solutions driven by businesses prioritizing their digital transformation and infrastructure modernization initiatives and looking to optimize their total cost of ownership, or TCO. Taking a closer look at the first quarter, we exceeded all our guided metrics. We delivered quarterly revenue of $591 million and grew our ARR 18% year-over-year to $1.966 billion. We also saw another quarter of strong year-over-year growth in new logos and solid free cash flow generation. Our largest wins in the quarter demonstrated the appeal of the Nutanix Cloud Platform to organizations that are looking to modernize their IT footprints, including adopting hybrid multi-cloud operating models and modern applications, while also managing through disruption from industry M&A.

One of our largest wins of the quarter was a full-stack expansion with a global provider of IT consulting services based in the APAC region. This existing Nutanix customer expanded with us by shifting more workloads to our cloud platform and adding additional components of our portfolio, enabling them to increase their automation and self-service capabilities while also reducing their exposure to their other incumbent infrastructure provider. This expansion was also aimed at strengthening their go-to-market practice with Nutanix in the areas of generative AI, modern applications, and competitive migrations. Another notable win in Q1 was a significant expansion with a North American-based Fortune 100 provider of food services and products. This customer was looking to implement a hybrid multi-cloud environment with the intent of running more of their workloads in the public cloud and lowering their total cost of ownership while also reducing their exposure to our largest competitor.

They chose the Nutanix Cloud Platform, including our Nutanix Cloud Clusters, or NC2, running on AWS, along with Nutanix Cloud Management. This enabled them to reduce their projected TCO by nearly 50% while also consolidating their existing data center footprint. On the product front, we recently announced the general availability of GPT-in-a-Box 2.0, our solution for simplifying the deployment of generative AI applications. A key component of this offering is Nutanix Enterprise AI, or NAI, which helps streamline deployment, scaling, and running of inferencing endpoints for large language models. NAI can be deployed within GPT-in-a-Box on-prem or at the edge, or independently on native public cloud services such as AWS EKS and Azure AKS. These new capabilities help further our vision of becoming the leading platform for running all apps and managing data anywhere.

A first-quarter new logo with a government ministry in the EMEA region demonstrated early progress with the new generative AI and modern application capabilities of our platform. This customer was looking to modernize their infrastructure and chose a full-stack Nutanix solution to support development and deployment of their cloud-native and generative AI applications. They chose our GPT-in-a-Box 2.0 solution, including our Nutanix Kubernetes Platform and Nutanix Cloud Infrastructure, as well as our Nutanix Unified Storage and Nutanix Database Service offerings. Moving on, we also continue to make progress on the partnership front, signing an expanded strategic partnership with AWS that will simplify cloud migrations and offer access to AWS services for customers looking to migrate to NC2 on AWS. As part of this collaboration, customers will gain access to promotional credits from AWS to support customer migrations and proof-of-concept trials, as well as Nutanix licensing promotions.

Customers can also gain access to promotional credits for migrating VMware Cloud on AWS workloads to NC2 on AWS through the AWS VMware Migration Accelerator program. Finally, we continue to receive industry recognition in Q1, being named a leader in the 2024 Gartner Magic Quadrant for Distributed Hybrid Infrastructure alongside some of the world's leading public cloud providers, improving from our challenger position in the 2023 Magic Quadrant. In closing, I am pleased with our solid first-quarter results, our ongoing innovation on our cloud platform, particularly with respect to its support for generative AI and modern applications, and on the progress we continue to make on partnerships. We remain focused on delighting our customers while driving sustainable, profitable growth. And with that, I'll hand it over to Rukmini Sivaraman. Rukmini?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Rajiv, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today. I will first discuss our Q1 Fiscal 2025 results, followed by our guidance for Q2 Fiscal 2025 and an updated outlook for the full fiscal year 2025. Results in Q1 2025 came in above the high end of our range across our guided metrics. Revenue in Q1 was $591 million, higher than the guided range of $565-$575 million, representing a year-over-year growth rate of 16%. The outperformance in revenue was driven by good renewals execution. ARR at the end of Q1 was $1.966 billion, representing year-over-year growth of 18%.

We saw strength in landing new customers onto our platform, helped by more leverage from our OEM and channel partners, from the various programs we have put in place to incentivize new logos, and from a general increase in engagement from customers looking at us as an alternative in the wake of industry M&A. NRR, or net dollar-based retention rate, at the end of Q1 was 110%. Expansion with existing customers was impacted largely by our U.S. federal business, for which Q1 is a seasonally strong quarter given their September 30 fiscal year end. Our U.S. Fed business performance was lower year-over-year relative to the strong comparison from Q1 a year ago, which we believe is due to impacts from the elongated continuing resolutions resulting in lighter spending from our Fed customers.

Based on our current view, we expect our U.S. federal business performance to return to more normal levels in the second quarter. In Q1, we continue to see modestly elongated average sales cycles compared to historical levels, which we believe is influenced by the macroeconomic environment and continued increased scrutiny on spend. In addition, as discussed during prior earnings calls, we believe the larger opportunities in our land and expand pipeline continue to involve strategic decisions and C-suite approvals, causing them to take longer to close and to have greater variability in timing, outcome, and deal structure. These factors also impact our ARR growth. Average contract duration in Q1 was 3.1 years, flat sequentially quarter-over-quarter. Non-GAAP gross margin in Q1 was 87.5%.

Non-GAAP operating margin in Q1 was 20%, higher than our guided range of 14.5% to 15.5%, largely due to higher revenue and to a smaller extent due to lower expenses, including as a result of certain non-recurring payments and credits. Non-GAAP net income in Q1 was $122 million, a fully diluted EPS of $0.42 per share based on fully diluted weighted average shares outstanding of approximately 289 million shares. GAAP net income and fully diluted GAAP EPS in Q1 were $30 million and $0.10 per share, respectively. Free cash flow in Q1 was $152 million, representing a free cash flow margin of 26%. Moving to the balance sheet, we ended Q1 with cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $1.075 billion, up from $994 million at the end of Q4.

Moving to capital allocation, we repurchased about $20 million worth of shares in Q1 and used about $79 million of cash in Q1 to retire shares related to our employees' tax liability for their quarterly RSU vesting. Moving to Q2 2025, our guidance for Q2 is as follows: revenue of $635 to $645 million, non-GAAP operating margin of 20% to 21%, fully diluted weighted average shares outstanding of approximately 289 million shares.

Moving to the full year, the updated guidance for fiscal year 2025 is as follows: revenue of $2.435 to $2.465 billion, representing a year-over-year growth of 14% at the midpoint and no change from our initial guidance. Non-GAAP operating margin of approximately 16% to 17%, an increase from our previous guidance. Free cash flow of $560 to $610 million, representing a free cash flow margin of approximately 24% at the midpoint, and an increase of $15 million relative to our prior initial guidance at the midpoint. I will now provide some commentary and assumptions regarding our updated fiscal year 2025 guidance. First, we are seeing continued land and expand opportunities and a growing pipeline for our solutions. However, as we have discussed previously, we expect continued uncertainty in the timing, outcome, and deal structure from the growing mix of larger deals in the pipeline.

As I mentioned earlier, we have continued to see a modest elongation of average sales cycles relative to historical levels, which we believe is related to the uncertain spending environment and which we expect to continue. Second, the guidance assumes that renewals will continue to perform well in fiscal year 2025. Third, the full year guidance assumes that average contract duration will be flat to slightly lower compared to fiscal year 2024 as renewals continue to grow as a percentage of our billings. Fourth, the non-GAAP operating margin guidance assumes incremental prudent investments in sales and marketing and research and development targeted towards addressing our large market opportunity. Those investments are expected to continue to ramp through the course of the fiscal year. Finally, a note on seasonality.

Based on our current view of renewals cohorts and visibility into land and expand, we expect revenue seasonality in fiscal Q3 relative to Q2 to be similar to what we saw in fiscal year 2023. In closing, we are pleased that our Q1 performance exceeded the high end of our guidance and would like to thank our employees, customers, partners, investors, and stakeholders for their continued trust in us. We remain committed to continued progress aligned with our stated philosophy of sustainable, profitable growth, both through durable top-line growth and expanding margins. With that, Operator, please open the line for questions.

Operator (participant)

Certainly. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star one one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. And due to time constraints, we ask that participants please limit themselves to one question and one follow-up. And our first question comes from the line of Pinjalim Bora with JPMorgan.

Pinjalim Bora (Executive Director of Equity Research)

Oh, great. Thanks for taking the question. Congrats on the quarter, guys. Rajiv, one for you. Maybe could you talk about what are you hearing from customers around the VMware offering, trying to understand if this new partnership with AWS might act as a catalyst to kind of convince people to move to NC2, or are you seeing any signs of that?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Okay. Pinjalim Bora is here. I think you meant VMC on AWS, correct? You said VMS.

Pinjalim Bora (Executive Director of Equity Research)

Correct. VMC. Correct.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

VMC on AWS. Correct. Okay. All right. So clearly, I think that seems to be an offering that Broadcom is not focused on as much. And it's created an opportunity for us, for sure, and customers are concerned as to what might happen with their offering. For example, the GovCloud version of that offering, the government cloud version, was apparently deprecated by Broadcom. So this is one of the impetuses for the expanded partnership that we have with AWS, where we are working together with them to provide VM migration for customers from VMC onto NC2 on AWS. We talked about one of the events last quarter, actually, leading universities that actually went and did exactly that. And anyway, so this is really one of the impetuses why AWS is partnering with us. They're offering migration credits. There's a migration accelerator program.

We are working together to help customers who might be interested in migrating off that offering onto something else in the public cloud.

Pinjalim Bora (Executive Director of Equity Research)

Yeah. Understood. One for Rukmini. Rukmini, I'm trying to understand the guidance. It seems like a very solid Q1 beat. You took the Q2 numbers up, but the second half seems like it's an implied guide down because you didn't take the full year number up. So I'm trying to understand, is that just prudence, caution around what you're seeing on the sales cycles? Were there any deals that kind of moved from the second half into the first half that changed the seasonality a bit? And lastly, do you think we're close to a trough on NRR?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Pinjalim Bora, and both good questions. I'll start with your revenue guidance first. So yes, we were happy with our Q1 revenue performance, but we are only one quarter into the fiscal year. And given the uncertain environment, including that related to a new administration in the U.S., we think it's prudent to maintain our full year top-line guide until we have a better view of how the rest of the year is going to play out. And as I noted in my prepared remarks, we continue to see these modestly elongated average sales cycles compared to historical levels. And we believe that the larger opportunities in our land and expand pipeline continue to involve strategic decisions, more approvals, and causing them to take longer to close and to have greater variability in deal structure, outcome, and timing.

And finally, from a seasonality perspective, we've historically seen a fairly even split in revenue between the first half and second half of the fiscal year. So our current expectations aren't that different from what we've seen historically. So that's on the revenue top-line guidance question, Pinjalim Bora? I think your second part of the question was around NRR. So a few things on NRR. First, I will say that given that our GRR, while we don't disclose it, we've said in the past that it has not changed significantly relative to recent levels. So given that, the largest driver of net new ARR is land and expand ACV, right? And your question specifically is on NRR, which does not, for example, benefit from the strength that we saw in our land. So I want to first start by clarifying that.

We did see some divergence there between sort of the strength and our land performance. Now, with respect to expand with existing customers, expand accounts for the majority of our land and expand, which was impacted largely by our US Fed business, which was lower year-over-year relative to the strong compare we had from Q1 a year ago, which we believe is due to the CR, the continuing resolutions from in the US. All the dynamics we talked about on large sales cycle, larger deal sizes, elongated sales cycles, all of that does impact expand as well, Pinjalim Bora. So that all did go into the NRR number. Now, I think your question was around, is this the have we hit sort of the low point for NRR?

We don't guide to NRR, as you know, but we do expect that NRR will be impacted by some of these factors that we've talked about, like the sales cycles and the mix of large deals, that when we expect some of that to continue. So that we believe is the case, but we don't explicitly guide to NRR.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Meta Marshall with Morgan Stanley.

Meta Marshall (Managing Director)

Great. Thanks. Maybe following up on the federal piece, you noted in the script that you expected kind of fiscal Q2 to be better. I would expect you would need the administration change, so maybe you wouldn't expect kind of a federal to improve until fiscal Q3, but just wanted to kind of listen about what went into that commentary or if you could explain that more. And then maybe just a second question, just any update on kind of timing of Dell PowerFlex kind of integration, just anything there would be helpful. Thanks.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

So on the federal question, I mean, we don't have visibility in terms of what the new administration is going to do or not do. So we can't really talk about what's going to happen after the new administration comes in. So we have a near-term view on Q2, of course, which we factored in. And that's why we feel comfortable about our federal business coming back to more normal levels in Q2 based on what we know today. And of course, we'll have to see what the new administration does after they come on board. Now, on the Dell questions specifically, so as you know, Meta, there's two parts to the Dell relationship. One is the existing hyperconverged solution that we have, which will be an appliance sale by combining our software on their servers.

That's been in the market now this quarter, and it's still early days for that. Your question on PowerFlex, we expect to have that in the market in the first half of calendar 2025, and we expect to see some revenue contribution from it in FY 2026.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of James Fish with Piper Sandler.

James Fish (Managing Director)

Hey, guys. I did want to build off of Meta's questions and Pinjalim Bora's there a little bit. Can you just remind us how big this federal vertical can be for you guys here in fiscal Q1 versus kind of what you saw here and what the actual impact to net retention rate was? Are we talking about a point or two difference that we would have seen versus the 110% or how to kind of quantify that?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

I'll take that, James. So first, on quantification of Fed, we don't disclose that, James. But as you can imagine, and we've said this before, that for our Q1 is typically the seasonally strongest quarter given it's also the federal year-end, which covers September 30th. So we don't disclose that number, James. But that is Q1 is our strongest Fed quarter. And similarly, right, we're not going to break out NRR impact by Fed or by any other sort of segmentation at this point. But we did see the fact that overall Fed and expansion specifically was lower than last year was a challenge for us in Q1 relative to what we saw last Q1, which was a strong comp.

James Fish (Managing Director)

Got it. And Chief, maybe for you, I think we're all kind of anxious here about when we could see more standalone AHV into other storage arrays. Obviously, you just talked about the calendar first half of 2025 seeing Dell PowerFlex. But how should we start thinking about Nutanix's relationships of getting standalone AHV integration into some of the other providers out there and why we wouldn't start to see that AHV attach go from 74% today to faster to 100%? Thanks, guys.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. I think those are two different questions there, James. I think on the first question, clearly, the only one that we've announced so far has been the Dell PowerFlex relationship. As you can imagine, we do have plans to expand that selectively to other storage arrays over time. I'm not going to pre-announce anything right now, but you can assume that we are working on that in a very careful way. At the same time, we also want to make sure that whatever we do is actually focusing on expanding the market opportunity for us and doesn't cannibalize the existing HCI opportunity. So we are focused specifically on working with storage array vendors that are workloads that would not necessarily be easier to capture with HCI because the workload we can capture with our own HCI platform, we would like to do that with the full stack.

And over time, even for those that we do go in, our goal is to sell the full stack over time. So stay tuned. I mean, we, of course, will continue to explore other options in the market when it comes to other storage arrays. And you know we don't have anything more to say at this point. But the idea is to start with Dell and then over time expand to others. With respect to your question on AHV penetration, again, I think our philosophy has always been we support multiple hypervisors. And there's been a natural cadence by which the AHV adoption has continued to grow, and we are still at where it is.

I don't necessarily need it to be at 100%, frankly, but our goal is to increase the AHV footprint because we also want to be able to insert into VMware accounts where our platform is running on top of ESX, the VMware hypervisor. And we'll continue to support that going forward as well. But we would, of course, like to see more and more customers start to migrate over to our AHV footprint. And having, of course, third-party support, third-party storage support will only help amplify that.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Jason Ader with William Blair.

Jason Ader (Equity Research Analyst)

Yeah. Thank you. Hey, guys. So when I look at the second half, and you gave basically guidance revenue per quarter for the second half. But then looking at the operating margin for the year, you raised that only slightly after having pretty significant outperformance in Q1 and also guiding to pretty robust operating margin in Q2. So that implies the second half is going to be kind of way down on the operating margin. And I know you said you're going to be ramping expenses, but just want to make sure that there's nothing kind of idiosyncratic to the second half that we're not thinking about. And then can you talk about where that ramp-up in spending is going to come? You said sales and marketing and R&D, but could you be more specific within those buckets?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Hi, Jason. First, on operating margin, so you're correct. So first, I'll start with revenue. What we said was, I think to respond to an earlier question, that our implied revenue split first half to second half is roughly even based on the guide, and that's similar to our historical patterns. While we expect operating expenses, on the other hand, to grow over the course of the year, much like it did last fiscal year. So to your point, you're correct that we will expect to see lower operating margins in the second half of the year in fiscal year 2025. However, overall, we still expect to see year-over-year improvement in operating margin for the full fiscal year relative to fiscal year 2024.

And then, to the second part of your question on where we are spending those dollars. So first, in R&D, we have talked about investing, for example, in these AHV standalone to support the standalone storage arrays. So that's one area of R&D investment. Some other examples include we have ramped up our offerings around cloud-native or containerized applications. That's another area, generative AI, plus our core enterprise platform, right? So the platform and making sure that it continues to evolve. So even within our core platform, there are innovations that we continue to drive. So that's on the R&D side, some examples of where we're investing.

On the sales and marketing side, we have talked about some investments we've made, some we made last year, and some will continue into this year, for example, around product specialist sellers, folks who are focused on selling our entire portfolio and helping our main field sellers go do that. We have increased some investments around the channel, as another example, some inside sales folks who can be focused on driving both expansion and land around the more mid-market tier. So those are some examples of areas that we're investing in both sales and marketing and in R&D.

Jason Ader (Equity Research Analyst)

Okay. Great. Thank you.

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Wamsi Mohan with Bank of America.

Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. It's Ruplu filling in for Wamsi today. Rukmini, the renewals business has been strong. How should we think about the available-to-renew pool in fiscal 2025 versus fiscal 2024? And is there any danger that renewals kind of fall off a cliff in fiscal 2026, or is there a large enough cohort of customers who are going to renew in fiscal 2026 that that strong growth in renewals continues and it grows as a mix of the business? So just your available-to-renew pool and how you see that business continuing to grow.

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Ruplu. So you're correct that we did talk about renewals doing well for Q1. In terms of ATR for full year fiscal year 2025, I think we referred to this in our last earnings call when we gave you all the initial guide for fiscal year available-to-renew pool or ATR is expected to grow nicely in 2025 year-over-year relative to 2024, and will continue to grow quite nicely over the next few years, Ruplu. So I'm not going to give you a quantification for fiscal year 2026 at this point. We're still only one quarter into 2025. But yes, we expect that growth in available-to-renew for our renewals cohorts to continue for the next couple of years.

Okay. Thanks for that. And maybe for my follow-up, I'll ask you another question. Free cash flow in fiscal 1Q was very strong. It was $152 million, which I don't think over the last three, four years you've had such a strong one Q. Were there any one-time items? I know last quarter you had said that you might get from a partner, I think you had said $30 million benefit for the full year in terms of free cash flow. So any guidance on how we should think about the progression of free cash flow first half versus second half in this year?

Thank you, Ruplu. We were happy with our free cash flow performance in Q1, as you alluded to. So nothing significant I would call out as one-time. So you're right, those partner payments we did call out for fiscal year 2025, and those will continue to come in. They might be a little inconsistent in terms of quarter to quarters, but we're not breaking that out quarterly, Ruplu. There wasn't any one thing I would call out. For example, in Q4 in our July quarter, we did call out there was one significant deal that we collected in that quarter, for example. There was nothing like that that I would call out for Q1. And more generally, I think when you think about just, I think, rest of the year, part of your question is 152 was a strong Q1, and our full year guide is 560 to 610.

And so I'll just remind you that our expenses are going up, expected to go up through the rest of the year. So keep that in mind, right? Those expenses will ramp over the course of the year, much like they did last fiscal year. So factor that in. And we do collect multiple years of cash from our customers, typically upfront. And so that does mean that depending on duration or depending on some larger deals, there can be some variation quarter to quarter in that number, which is why we continue to guide for free cash flow really on an annual basis only.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Mike Cikos with Needham.

Mike Cikos (Analyst)

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking the questions here. I'm going to ask a boring one on guidance and build on some of the line of questioning that Mr. Ader was going after on the operating margin and the operating profit. But I just wanted to get a better understanding. Congratulations on the 20% operating margin we're seeing here in Q1. Is the view for full year in any way informed? Are we potentially behind on hiring versus where we expected to be exiting Q1? Or are you potentially increasing your view of additional investments in sales and marketing and R&D? Because I know that's something that we've plagued on the previous quarter. Just wanted to wrestle those two items.

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Mike. I always welcome the boring questions on the guide. So thank you for that. Not at all boring, actually. It's very, very practical. So when we think of spend and our planning cycles, Mike, we're coming out of our planning cycle. And as we deploy this, again, similar to last fiscal year, some of this will be ramping over the course of the year. So that is, it has been the plan, and you'll continue to see that this year relative to last year, right? So there's nothing unusual or different necessarily that I would call out other than, of course, as we hire people in Q1 or Q2, they might be there partially for that quarter, but then for the next quarter, they're there for the full quarter, right? So there's that almost normalization that happens over the course of the year.

That's what's baked into the operating margin guide for the full year relative to what you saw in Q1.

Mike Cikos (Analyst)

Got it. Thank you for that. And then just one other, if I could. I know that we're, and I appreciate the commentary here as well as far as the Q2 versus 3Q seasonality on revenue. But just wanted to make sure I'm thinking about this properly. Even if I go back beyond last year, two years ago, we tend to see closer to 7% to 8%. 7% feels about right as far as a sequential decline in revenue from Q2 to Q3. And I appreciate your qualitative comments, but if you could further elaborate on that, what is driving that seasonal component? Is it really tied to year-end in Q2 and then maybe the sales incentive comp for your salesforce in Q4? Is that why we should be thinking about that Q2 to Q3 sequential movement that we're talking to?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

You're exactly right, Mike. So historically, if you look at our performance, Q2 and Q4 tend to be seasonally stronger quarters from a top-line perspective, exactly for the reasons you outlined, because Q2 has the December year-end and Q4 has our end of fiscal year, and therefore some sales incentives tied to a strong finish there. What has happened also is, as we now have the renewal cohorts layering in, they tend to follow similarly the land and expand performance in the past because they're just reflective of deals that were signed and when those renewals come due. So now we have the impact of historical land and expand, but the renewals cohorts are also following that pattern. So we just wanted to remind folks of that going into Q3 and give you a sense of qualitatively what to expect relative to the Q2 guide.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Ben Bollin with Cleveland Research Company.

Ben Bollin (Analyst)

Good afternoon, everyone. Thanks for taking the question. Rajiv, I wanted to get your perspective, a bigger picture on enterprise refresh behavior, in particular around how you see customers evolving around three-tier versus HCI, and any thoughts on the pace and rate of enterprise on-prem AI deployments.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. I think those two questions separately. I don't think, Ben, that much has changed with respect to three-tier versus HCI. We still continue to validate the proposition of 40% to 50% lower TCO if you replace your three-tier with HCI, and it also provides you the platform to really expand into becoming a hybrid cloud, which is what companies want. And so over time, I do expect to continue to see HCI gain into this legacy three-tier offering. So that part hasn't really changed. The dynamics really haven't changed. Of course, it's usually tied to a hardware refresh cycle because that's when you refresh your storage arrays. And instead of refreshing storage arrays, what we tell customers is, "Why don't you just buy simple servers and put HCI on it?" So no change really on that front.

On enterprise AI, what we see, again, is that the bulk of the spend so far has been not really in the enterprise, but in these large hyperscalers as they build out these massive clusters to train these large language models with huge investments from a small handful of very large providers. So we see that for sure. Now, within the enterprise, most enterprises are, I would say, in the early stages of deploying generative AI, largely for RAG or retrieval-augmented generation and fine-tuning and inferencing. They're not going to train these models. They're going to use models that are pre-existing and then use them to drive inferencing with more cost-effective, smaller clusters. We think that that segment of the market is in its early stages. We have seen the first set of applications come about even this quarter.

As you know, we talked about this government customer, in EMEA, that's starting to use our GPT 2.0 offering. I would say most enterprises are in the early stages of adoption, including ourselves, where we are targeting to see things like a 25% productivity gain for our developers or improvements in how we manage legal contracts. So companies looking at fraud detection. These are the kind of use cases that we are starting to see emerge. But I would say it's in the early days. Most enterprises are only now getting into the act of trying to build these applications. And I do think that this space is going to continue to grow over the next few years, but it's still largely incubation at this point in the enterprise.

Ben Bollin (Analyst)

That's great. And Rukmini, if I could, in the past, you had provided some perspective on the growth of 1 million-plus deals in your pipeline relative to the remainder of the business. Curious if you have any updates on that metric exiting the quarter? Thanks.

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Ben. I will say we are continuing to see nice growth in our pipeline, including for the larger deals that we've talked about before. Ben, we're not updating those metrics specifically on a quarterly basis. But yes, we are seeing continued interest and engagement and growth in pipeline from those million-plus cohorts and more generally.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Simon Leopold with Raymond James.

Hi, guys. This is Victor Chiu in for Simon Leopold. I wanted to drill into your commentary around the increased customer engagement from the VMware base and maybe help us understand if this was an incremental acceleration relative to what you were previously observing. And if so, maybe help us understand what's driving that and if you expect that to continue.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

So, Victor, the market continues to be dynamic, but from our perspective, it's still largely unchanged in terms of our opportunity, multi-year opportunity to gain share. So we haven't seen a significant change in that this quarter compared to the last several quarters, really. And we haven't seen any real meaningful changes in our win-loss rate size around these opportunities. I'll say what we've already said before, right? A lot of these deals, they are tied to VMware customers, their ELA renewal cycles. They're tied to when the installed base is coming up for a hardware refresh, although we are also expanding our ability to capture to have our solutions work on existing hardware, like, for example, the three-tier work that we're doing with Dell or like continuing to be able to deploy our software on already existing VMware HCI customers.

Of course, it's a dynamic market in the sense that sometimes we'll see aggressive behavior from Broadcom as well to keep those customers, especially the very large ones. Really, I would say net-net, nothing much has changed.

Okay, and if an organization decides, say, that they wanted to move away from VMware, kind of on average, how long is that transition typically, and kind of what are the steps involved that are required for a customer to do something like that?

Correct. It depends on the scale and complexity of their deployment. If they are, for example, I'll give you the two bookends. On the easy side, if they're just largely just a vSphere customer and they're willing to replace their hardware, it's a very easy migration. We can migrate that within a month or two off and on a relatively small scale. A lot of that is automated as well. Same goes for public cloud to public cloud. There was a question earlier about VMware Cloud on AWS. Those offerings are actually very easy to migrate. Again, within a month, we can have those customers off and onto a Nutanix offering. At the other end of the spectrum, these large customers that use multiple VMware products with massive estates. There, it can be many years. It can be three years to do a migration.

Just because they can't migrate all of it at once, there is a requirement for professional services engagement to convert over some of their more complex custom scripts that they have written and custom investments they have made on top of the VMware portfolio. So those migrations tend to be more complex, require professional services, and take a few years. So there's an entire spectrum across those.

Do you have maybe kind of a general ballpark kind of estimation of what percentage is the easy kind of "low-hanging fruit" and what percentage is the hard?

Yeah. I would say if you look at, with the exception of, I think, if you go to a large tier-one big global account, those are the ones that are difficult, right? The vast majority of the smaller customers are going to be more on the easy side.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Matt Hedberg with RBC Capital Markets.

Matt Hedberg (Managing Director and Software Research Analyst)

Great. Thanks for taking my question, guys. Hey, I just wanted to ask, obviously, it sounds like the federal business had some headwinds. Maybe just a simple question, but Rajiv, did the enterprise business, do you think it deteriorated from a demand perspective versus last quarter? Just because it seems like good results, but just trying to get a finer point on sort of your thought on enterprise spending today versus maybe 90 days ago.

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. Matt, clearly, we saw the softness and Fed for sure. We saw it. That was very clear-cut. The broader enterprise, we've actually, again, been doing quite well at landing new logos and people migrating, but of course, some of that is perhaps due to just what's happening with the Broadcom situation. So we haven't seen a decline in enterprise spend or a less willingness to spend. What we have seen, and we've been talking about this for multiple quarters, Matt, is a lot more inspection going on on the spend and a lot more approvals being required higher in the food chain, looking at TCO more carefully, which, of course, plays to our benefit somewhat because what we talk about in this environment is how we can reduce TCO. So that dynamic has been going on now for several quarters. We haven't seen much of a change.

So net-net, I would have to say, with respect to broader enterprise demand, we haven't seen a change this quarter compared to the prior quarters.

Matt Hedberg (Managing Director and Software Research Analyst)

Got it. That's very clear. Thanks. And then maybe another sort of, I guess, macro question for Rukmini. Obviously, it's not your year-end, but do you typically see a December budget flush from enterprise percentage? I can't imagine you're baking that into guidance, but just kind of curious, historically, do you see customers kind of spend it or lose it mentality when it comes to December calendar year-end?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

I mean, certainly sometimes, right? I mean, they may have a budget that's available for this year. We've seen that in the past. We probably will see some of that this year as well, right? I mean, I think they do have—I mean, if your company is on that calendar cycle, yeah, you probably will have some budget to spend. But again, I would not say—I mean, we factor whatever we can see into our guide for Q2. So nothing really different this year compared to prior years. And so typically, we see a seasonal increase in Q2 compared to Q1. And that's driven in part by the fact that what you alluded to, Matt, with people spending at the end of the year.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of George Wang with Barclays.

George Wang (Senior Analyst)

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I just had two quick ones. Firstly, can you kind of double-click in terms of the channel incentives in place, kind of what has changed versus three months ago in terms of providing the promo and the incentives to the channel, especially against the backdrop of maybe overlapping Nutanix and VMware contracts?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. I mean, this is a few months ago that we made the change. No recent changes, by the way, on the channel side. We made that change a while ago. But what we did, we did a couple of things there, George. First thing we did was we took a subset of our customer base, our target prospects, and handed them off entirely to the channel to go drive. And so we don't have our reps on those accounts. We leave it to the channel. And we provided more incentives to those channel partners to bring us business. So we have incentives in place for channel partners to bring new logos to us in terms of rewards, that they will get more rewards when they bring new logos to us.

We've seen, yeah, we're also committed to the channel in the sense that all our deals go through the channel partners. So we're not trying to work around them or shut them out of any of the deals. And so we've seen, certainly, as a result of all of that, a significant increase in channel partner engagement with us over the last year or two. Some of it is, of course, just what they're seeing with Broadcom, more channel partners coming to us. Some of it is our own incentives that we are offering for them. And we also have incentives for the end customer as well, right?

For example, to help them tide over migrations, we can offer them free licenses for a period of time to help them while they're still spending money on VMware to get going on our products until they're ready to go migrate fully over, etc.

George Wang (Senior Analyst)

Okay. Just to start off, if I can, just in terms of repatriation, just kind of being a theme which benefits Nutanix, just curious if anything has changed on the repatriation, any additional data points versus last quarter?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. In terms of cloud repatriation, I would say we haven't seen a massive repatriation of workloads coming back from the public cloud. We see some of that here and there, right? It's where I would characterize it. Nothing has changed compared to past quarter. But I think what we see is, again, nothing has changed. There, people are much more careful about what they go put in the cloud. So keep in mind that the vast majority of enterprise workloads are still on-prem, not in the public cloud. And now CIOs are being more circumspect about what to use the public cloud for. For example, there's a realization that if you have stateful workloads, those workloads can be run more efficiently on-prem than in the public cloud. And so CIOs therefore saying, "Well, I'm going to keep that workload on-prem.

I'm not going to move that to the public cloud," so that's what we're seeing.

Operator (participant)

Thank you, and our next question comes from the line of Nehal Chokshi with Northland Capital Markets.

Nehal Chokshi (Analyst)

Yeah. Thank you. And congrats on this really strong new logo, up 50% year-over-year. That's really impressive. I'm trying to put, though, why is ARR decelerating given this strong land that you're seeing? And then if I look at the incremental ARR, i.e., the change quarter-over-quarter for October quarter relative to the year-ago quarter, that was down a lot as well. So thoughts on why are there such a weak incremental ARR characteristics, especially given the backdrop that you're having such strong land metrics?

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Hi, Nehal. Thank you. So a few things. I'll start with on your point about net-new ARR. So one of the biggest drivers of net-new ARR, which is simply, as you pointed out, the difference between ARR in this quarter versus the prior quarter, is land and expand ACV, given that our GRR has not changed significantly relative to recent historical levels. And so when you think about land and expand, we did see some divergence, as you point out, in the performance of the land versus the expand portion of our business. So we saw strength in the new customers, and we've talked about why that is. And so really happy with that performance. Expansion with existing customers, which actually accounts for the majority of the land and expand, was impacted largely by our U.S. federal business, Nehal.

And we've talked about why we believe that to be the case. And overall, by the way, right, we've talked about these larger opportunities in our land and expand pipeline, which are taking longer to close and have data variability in timing, outcome, and deal structure. So all of those factors also do impact our ARR growth. So that's how to think about just ARR and net-new ARR.

Nehal Chokshi (Analyst)

Great. Thank you.

Rukmini Sivaraman (CFO)

Thank you, Nehal.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And our next question comes from the line of Michael Turrin with Wells Fargo.

Michael Turrin (Managing Director)

Hi, guys. Thanks for letting me ask a question. I'll ask one on behalf of Aaron. I just want to ask about GPT-in-a-Box 2.0 solution. I'm just curious, as you think about, I guess, the positioning of that in the marketplace relative to kind of a full-stack or three-tier architecture with NVIDIA AI Enterprise software suite, how do these differ in terms of where they sit in the market? And I guess, do you see opportunity to maybe move upmarket as these solutions mature going forward?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. I mean, some of that is also a difference between training and inferencing. We are largely, with GPT-in-a-Box, focused on inferencing, focusing on smaller clusters, not massive compute farms to train models, smaller clusters that enterprises can use to deploy more cost-effective AI inferencing applications. I'll give you one example. We, for example, one of our first use cases in Nutanix internally was a customer service use case where incoming service requests from a customer, support ticket, the support engineer actually has a natural language interface, a search interface through which they enter the query, and then we look through all our knowledge bases to try and accelerate the ability to answer the issue. That AI application is running on just a small cluster, okay, using an open-source large language model. That's the kind of app running on GPT-in-a-Box internally.

That's the kind of use case that we're enabling for the enterprise where you have your secure data, you want to do your inferencing on it using existing models that are already pre-trained but fine-tuned with your use cases. That's a cost-optimized solution. By the way, we are partnered with NVIDIA on that because we work together with NVIDIA's inferencing solution as well as, of course, using their GPUs to do all the hard work needed here. Again, I just think we want to distinguish between inferencing on small clusters, which is mostly what we do, versus training of very large clusters.

Michael Turrin (Managing Director)

Okay. That's helpful. And if I can sneak one more in, just as we think about an improving sort of traditional server end demand environment and we think about refresh cycles, obviously, that presents an insertion opportunity for you guys within three-tier architecture. So I'm curious, with the new partnerships with Dell and Cisco, have you seen your win rates at all changing, or do you anticipate those improving given your kind of broader ability to enter those deals?

Rajiv Ramaswami (President and CEO)

Yeah. First of all, I think having Cisco and Dell selling our products is, of course, positive for us. And Cisco has been a good contributor to our new logos this quarter as well as last quarter. Dell is still, I think, very early days for us. And that's independent of the server refresh cycle or not, right? Second, I would say, with respect to refresh cycles, yes, server refreshes will help, but also storage refreshes are important, right? Because that's when we get the opportunity to displace those three-tier architectures with HCI footprint. So both matter. I think having Dell and Cisco as friends in the market, of course, significantly helps. And at the same time, the refresh cycles, more so, I would say, storage refresh than server refresh will help us insert HCI into existing three-tier deployments.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. And thank you for participating. This does conclude today's program, and you may now disconnect.