Personalis - Earnings Call - Q4 2024

Executive Summary

• Q4 revenue of $16.8M declined 15% YoY on expected Natera/VA wind-down, but topped prior Q4 guidance of $15–$16M; FY24 revenue of $84.6M grew 15% and came in above the raised guidance range of $83–$84M, driven by strong biopharma momentum and Moderna Phase III activity.
• Clinical MRD adoption accelerated: molecular tests delivered rose 52% QoQ to 1,441 (vs. 945 in Q3 and 561 in Q2), supported by Tempus’ ~200-rep channel; ~300 doctors used the test in Q4 with high retention.
• 2025 outlook introduces revenue of $80–$90M but guides gross margin down to 21%–23% and net loss ~($85)M as PSNL invests in unreimbursed clinical testing ahead of reimbursement; management targets 30%–40% sequential test volume growth until reimbursement and expects at least two indications reimbursed in 2025 (breast submitted; IO and lung pending publication).
• Potential stock catalysts: Medicare coverage decisions (breast submission already filed; IO/lung to follow), publication of IO and broader lung datasets, continued Tempus/biopharma traction, and execution against 30%–40% sequential MRD test growth target.

What Went Well and What Went Wrong

• What Went Well

  • Biopharma strength and Moderna partnership durability: FY24 revenue grew 15% with biopharma as key driver; long-term extension with Moderna and a $50M strategic investment by Merck reinforce platform positioning.
  • Clinical traction in MRD: Q4 molecular tests +52% QoQ to 1,441; ~300 doctors ordered with high retention; management aims to “continue to increase test volume by 30% to 40% each quarter until we achieve reimbursement”.
  • Reimbursement pathway advancing: Breast manuscript accepted and CMS coverage submitted; IO and lung manuscripts submitted and expected to support 2025 submissions—“tracking to achieve reimbursement in at least 2 indications this year”.

• What Went Wrong

  • Top-line pressure from enterprise/VA/Natera: Q4 revenue down 15% YoY to $16.8M on expected declines in Natera and VA MVP; enterprise sales fell sharply QoQ/YoY in Q4.
  • Margin headwinds from unreimbursed clinical volume: Q4 gross margin 27.1% (vs. 34% in Q3), with ~8 ppt GM headwind from unreimbursed tests; 2025 GM guided to 21%–23% given investment ahead of reimbursement.
  • Visibility transition: Moderna-related revenue expected to normalize post-enrollment; PSNL must backfill Natera roll-off and manage VA timing while scaling clinical MRD and biopharma MRD pipelines.

Transcript

Operator (participant)

Ladies and gentlemen, greetings and welcome to the Personalis Fourth Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A brief question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please signal the operator by pressing star and zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Caroline Corner, from Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Caroline Corner (Head of Investor Relations)

Thank you, Operator. Welcome to Personalis' Fourth Quarter 2024 Earnings Call. Joining today's call are Chris Hall, Chief Executive Officer and President; Aaron Tachibana, Chief Financial and Chief Operating Officer; and Rich Chen, Chief Medical Officer and EVP R&D. All statements made on this call that do not relate to matters of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of U.S. securities laws. For example, any statements regarding trends and expectations for our financial performance this year and longer term, cash runway, revenue expectations and timing, reimbursement goals, size and booking of orders, products, services, technology, clinical milestones, the outcome and timing of reimbursement decisions, expectations for our existing and future collaboration activities, cost expectations, our market opportunity, and business outlook. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations.

We encourage you to review our most recent filings with the SEC, including the risk factors described in our most recent filings. Personalis undertakes no obligation to update these statements except as required by applicable law. Our press release with our fourth quarter and full year 2024 results is available on our website, www.personalis.com, under the Investor section, and includes additional details about our financial results. Our website also has the latest SEC filings, which we encourage you to review. A recording of today's call will be available on our website by 5:00 P.M. Pacific Time today. Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Chris for his comments and fourth quarter business highlights.

Chris Hall (CEO and President)

Thank you, Caroline. Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us for our fourth quarter and full year 2024 call. For those of you joining for the first time, welcome. Personalis is a leader in the fast-growing MRD testing market. MRD stands for Minimal Residual Disease and involves using blood, which is commonly called a liquid biopsy instead of imaging or invasive biopsies to monitor therapy effectiveness and to detect cancer recurrence. The MRD market is expected to mature into a $20 billion market, and with our ultra-sensitive MRD tests NeXT Personal, we believe Personalis is positioned for success. Our technology is able to spot cancer when there is only one fragment of tumor DNA circulating in a million DNA fragments in blood. Our tumor profiling platforms and tests are cutting edge.

We're able to see more with high sensitivity, and as a consequence, our platforms and tests are used by many of the world's top biopharma companies to improve clinical trial results, personalize treatment, and power a new generation of therapies. Before we dive into our 2024 accomplishments, I want to share another case from this last quarter that highlights the power of our ultra-sensitive tests NeXT Personal to change care. During the last call, I discussed how a physician using NeXT Personal was able to spot a recurrence of breast cancer and get their patient access to therapy ahead of imaging. This quarter, one of our cases involved a woman in her seventies with stage III lung cancer that was being treated with chemotherapy plus immunotherapy.

The doctor did a series of three NeXT Personal tests over several months that showed the level of circulating tumor DNA was increasing with each test, suggesting the treatment regimen was not working. Notably, all the results were in the ultra-sensitive range. As a reminder, the ultra-sensitive range covers measurements of circulating tumor DNA below 100 parts per million that our NeXT Personal test excels in quantifying and that could be missed with less sensitive tests. Based on these results, the doctor switched the patient to a dual immunotherapy regimen with subsequent NeXT Personal tests indicating an improved response. We hear many anecdotes like this, and they demonstrate how our platforms are impacting clinical care, and frankly, stories like this motivate us every day at Personalis. 2024 was a significant year for the company.

We laid out a multi-year strategy to grow our business with a focus on our winning MRD strategy, and we made big strides. Our full year revenue of $84.6 million grew 15% over 2023, driven by biopharma growth of 60% year over year, which more than offset the expected decline from our enterprise customer. The growth from biopharma was fueled by an acceleration of clinical trial patient samples from Moderna's phase III melanoma trial during the first three quarters of 2024. For those new to Personalis, we provide Moderna with our tumor profiling capabilities to help enable them to create personalized neoantigen therapies for patients. Neoantigens are present only in cancer cells, and our platform is used to identify them so that individualized therapies can be created.

At the end of 2024, we agreed to a long-term extension of our agreement with Moderna to be their partner for ongoing clinical trials through to commercialization. We expect this relationship to be a key driver of revenue growth for us in the next decade. For our clinical business, 2024 was a pivotal year as we ramped our commercial efforts to pioneer the ultra-sensitive MRD testing market. We drove a solid increase in test volumes as we continued to generate compelling clinical evidence that highlighted the power of NeXT Personal to detect cancer recurrence earlier than standard of care imaging and instill more confidence in negative ctDNA results. Our collaborators demonstrated outstanding MRD results for breast, lung, and immunotherapy monitoring using NeXT Personal and submitted manuscripts detailing these findings to medical journals, which we expect to see published in coming quarters.

Once published, these studies are expected to support our submissions for Medicare reimbursement. On the IP front, we successfully settled our litigation with Foresight Diagnostics in a way that underscored the value of our MRD intellectual property. We also cross-licensed our MRD patents with Myriad Genetics for tumor-informed MRD approaches to ensure clear freedom to operate for each company. We believe this patient-centric approach is best for us as a business, but importantly, best for doctors, patients, and payers. Lastly, in 2024, we raised a significant amount of capital. In total, we raised approximately $115 million net of expenses by closing two strategic investments in using our ATM. The first strategic investment with Tempus expanded and accelerated our clinical distribution partnership, and the second investment was by Merck. Merck has been a long-time collaborator, and we're thrilled to deepen our relationship with them.

We ended 2024 with $185 million in cash on the balance sheet, and we have a strong liquidity position to continue ramping up our clinical volume ahead of reimbursement coverage. We believe 2025 will be another pivotal year for Personalis as we drive our winning MRD strategy and ramp up our testing volumes, touching more and more patient lives. We're confident that this is working and ushering in a new way of managing cancer patients, enabling physicians to intervene sooner when a patient recurs and to have more confidence in a negative MRD result. There are three key areas we'll be tracking as we move through the year. These are the core elements of executing on the next chapter of our winning MRD strategy. First is clinical usage.

We've gained significant traction in the clinical marketplace as we delivered 1,441 molecular tests in the fourth quarter, an increase of 52% compared with 945 tests in the third quarter. The core of our strategy is a partner-centric approach, and we're working with Tempus, leveraging their approximately 200-person sales force to bring our approach to oncologists. In 2024, the Personalis and Tempus commercial teams learned how to work together to relay the value of NeXT Personal to doctors, and the growth we're seeing today is indicative of the strength of the relationship. Physician feedback has been positive, and retention is high. We believe our growth is a testament to the power of our ultra-sensitive approach and the compelling data we've been generating.

Since launching our tests commercially in the fourth quarter of 2023, we've grown test volume by at least 40% sequentially each quarter, and our goal is to continue to increase test volume by 30%-40% each quarter until we achieve reimbursement. We've been adding, building a customer care staff, and focusing our internal teams on reducing turnaround time and scaling our lab to meet the increasing demand. Additionally, we have built out our sales team to complement Tempus's effort and are ready to hire additional commercial team members to accelerate sample growth on the backside of reimbursement. Second is deepening the clinical evidence and achieving reimbursement. We are on track to get CMS reimbursement for at least two indications in 2025. As we've previously discussed, we've focused our evidence generation on three indications: breast cancer, lung cancer, and immunotherapy monitoring.

We've previously summarized the findings from investigators at Royal Marsden for breast cancer, VHIO for therapy monitoring, and TRACERx for lung cancer, and those three studies and their results power three different Medicare submissions. We're pleased to report that our collaborators have now submitted manuscripts for all three of those indications to peer-reviewed journals. Additionally, the breast cancer paper was recently accepted, and we have now submitted for Medicare coverage in breast cancer ahead of our internal expectations. Publication is pending, and we won't say more about it until it is in the press, but we're excited with this progress towards Medicare reimbursement. When the VHIO and TRACERx papers are accepted for publication, we plan to submit for Medicare reimbursement for immunotherapy monitoring and earlier stage I cancer, respectively.

In summary, we are tracking to achieve reimbursement in at least two of the indications this year, and I look forward to updating you as this continues to unfold. Our clinical study pipeline continues to deepen with now over 20 studies in progress. In breast cancer, we're working with Vanderbilt, Johns Hopkins, and other institutions on the PREDICT study and approximately 180 patients studying early stage triple-negative breast cancer and HER2-positive breast cancer, and have an ongoing prospective study called BeStronger One in triple-negative breast cancer that has now enrolled more than 80 patients. We have an ongoing study with Dana Farber on HER2-positive patients and the Institute Curie on an approximately 100-patient early stage triple-negative breast cancer study. We're also working with MD Anderson on an additional breast cancer study.

In immunotherapy monitoring, we're working with Vall d'Hebron, or VHIO, UKE in two different melanoma studies, Duke in a study of gastric cancer patients, and UCSD on a pan-cancer immunotherapy study across eight different subtypes. In early stage lung cancer, we're continuing to work with the TRACERx team, and we're pushing forward on another study called DARWIN II. As the year progresses, collaborators will be presenting results of many of these studies at conferences. We expect this data to continue to highlight the importance of an ultra-sensitive ctDNA detection in breast, lung, and immunotherapy monitoring, as well as other cancer types. All of this is pointing towards a better way for managing cancer patients with an ultra-sensitive approach. We, of course, at Personalis are not done, and we expect to announce additional studies through the year. Deepening the clinical evidence is important to gain clinical traction and payer acceptance.

The third area we will be tracking for investors is progress with our biopharma customers. Most of our biopharma revenue comes from our leading ImmunoID Next platform, which is an advanced tumor profiling platform used to support translational research and novel therapies. The ImmunoID Next platform remains the platform of choice for biopharma companies developing immunotherapies. We see other opportunities to serve biopharma customers. To those ends, our tumor profiling product set will continue to broaden with new versions developed to capture additional business from biopharma companies that have grown to trust Personalis as a partner. This approach will expand the spectrum of biopharma use cases that our platforms can reach. We are deep into our second year of selling NeXT Personal for MRD testing to biopharma companies.

Biopharma customers want and need an ultra-sensitive approach to more effectively select patients for clinical trials and to more accurately monitor trial results. We believe NeXT Personal elegantly meets the market need. The ultra-sensitive approach may allow customers to get an answer regarding success or failure of clinical trials more quickly and more accurately. We believe this can make for increased efficiency and can translate to significant revenue for our biopharma customers by getting answers sooner. We have done multiple pilots and technology assessments in 2024, and the value we create for biopharma customers is increasingly appreciated. We grew the revenue from MRD testing from biopharma companies more than 50% in 2024 and expect continued growth in 2025.

The strategy of driving our ultra-sensitive testing into biopharma customers while evolving our tumor profiling platforms to win more business should drive our growth in 2025, and I look forward to reporting on our progress in coming quarters. We're running fast towards multiple milestones in 2025. I believe it will be a significant year for Personalis and, most importantly, for cancer patients as we execute against our growth drivers and redefine the way cancer is managed with an ultra-sensitive MRD approach. I want to take a minute to address our 2025 full year guidance. We have two core areas of focus in 2025. First, we are driving volume growth in front of NeXT Personal reimbursement, and we are confident that we can continue to grow in test volumes at 30%-40% each quarter.

Second, we are driving towards reimbursement this year and plan to achieve reimbursement at least two indications by the end of the year. We're guiding revenue to be in the range of $80 million-$90 million. Aaron, we'll further discuss the details in a minute, but I wanted to provide some high-level context. That is, we're modeling a run rate that is comparable to full year 2024 despite the loss of the lion's share of Natera's business. When you take into account an expected decline of about $20 million from Natera's business, our expected growth rate in full year 2025 is around 31% at the midpoint of our guided range. We expect 2025 will be another transformative year for Personalis, and we appreciate all the investors that came into the story this last year and are now part of our journey to pioneer ultra-sensitive MRD testing.

We have created a unique company that is poised to be a key part of the fight against cancer. Of course, that only happens because of the dedication and passion of our employees who work so hard to help us achieve our mission and improve the journey for cancer patients. With that, I will now turn it over to Aaron to review our financial results.

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

Thank you, Chris. I will discuss our fourth quarter and full year 2024 results and then cover our guidance for 2025. Total revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $16.8 million, representing a 15% decrease compared with $19.7 million for the same period of the prior year.

The decrease in revenue was expected and driven by lower volume from Natera, who has continued to reduce test volume as they transitioned to their own in-house lab, and also lower volume from the VA MVP as the 2024 task order was mostly fulfilled in the third quarter. These reductions were partially offset by a 6% increase in biopharma revenue compared with the same period of the prior year. In addition, we recognized $0.2 million of clinical revenue from our NeXT Personal tumor profiling test. Gross margin was 27.1% in the fourth quarter compared with 26.5% for the same period of the prior year. The year-over-year increase of 60 basis points was primarily due to favorable customer mix from the increase in biopharma volume. In the fourth quarter, we saw an impact of approximately 8 percentage points to our gross margin due to unreimbursed test cost.

Excluding those costs, gross margin would have been approximately 35%. Operating expenses were $22.7 million in the fourth quarter compared with $29.2 million for the same period of the prior year. Most of the year-over-year decrease was attributed to actions taken to reduce headcount in 2023. The fourth quarter R&D expense was $11.5 million compared with $13.6 million for the same period of the prior year, and SG&A expense was $11.2 million compared with $11.5 million for the same period of the prior year. In the fourth quarter of 2023, we classified $4 million of employee severance cost as restructuring within the income statement, and it's included within the $29.2 million previously mentioned. Net loss for the fourth quarter was $16.4 million compared with $26.6 million for the same period of the prior year. Next, I will provide results for the full year of 2024.

Total company revenue for the full year of 2024 was $84.6 million, representing a 15% increase compared with $73.5 million for 2023. The increase was driven by growth from biopharma, which was fueled by Moderna's phase three clinical trial, which had robust patient enrollment through the first three quarters of the year, and more than offset the decline in revenue from Natera and the VA MVP. Gross margin was 31.7% for the full year of 2024 compared with 24.8% for 2023. The year-over-year increase of 6.9 percentage points was primarily due to favorable customer mix from the increase in biopharma volume, as well as cost reduction. In the full year of 2024, unreimbursed test costs impacted gross margins by approximately 4 percentage points. Excluding those costs, gross margin would have been approximately 36%.

Operating expenses were $95.1 million for the full year of 2024 compared with $128.1 million for the full year of 2023. Most of the year-over-year decrease was attributed to actions taken to reduce headcount in 2023, and also a one-time facility lease impairment expense of $5.6 million in 2023. R&D expense was $48.9 million in 2024 compared with $64.8 million in 2023. SGMA expense was $46.2 million in 2024 compared with $49.7 million for 2023. A bit of clarification for 2023. There is $8.1 million in employee severance costs for headcount reduction shown in the restructuring line of the income statement, and it is included within the total operating expense amount of $128.1 million previously mentioned. Net loss for the full year of 2024 was $81.3 million compared with the net loss of $108.3 million for 2023.

We reduced our net loss year-over-year by increasing gross profit dollars from higher volume and reducing product costs and operating expenses. Now onto the balance sheet. We finished the fourth quarter with a strong balance sheet with cash and short-term investments of $185 million. During the quarter, Merck made a strategic investment of $50 million into Personalis by purchasing common stock at a price of $3.56 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on December 18, 2024. This investment underscores the strength of our partnership with both Merck and Moderna. Throughout 2024, we operated cost-effectively and reduced our cash usage down to $46.8 million for the full year, which was approximately $20 million lower than 2023. Now I'd like to turn to guidance. For the first quarter of 2025, we expect total company revenue in the range of $17-$18 million.

Revenue from pharma tests and services and all other customers in the range of $10-$11 million. Revenue from population sequencing plus enterprise customers of approximately $7 million. For the full year of 2025, we expect total company revenue in the range of $80-$90 million. This range is a bit wider due to the variability of reimbursement timing and prices. Revenue from pharma tests and services and all other customers in the range of $62-$64 million. Population sequencing plus enterprise customers in the range of $15-$16 million. Clinical revenue in the range of $3-$10 million. Gross margin in the range of 21%-23%, which is lower than the 32% for 2024 due to the impact of investing in clinical test volume ahead of reimbursement.

Net loss of approximately $85 million, which includes approximately $20 million of unreimbursed test costs, and cash usage in the range of $75-$80 million, with the majority of the increase in cash usage compared with 2024 for investing in clinical test volume, clinical studies, and commercial capabilities for ramping up our clinical volume before and after reimbursement. We look forward to updating you on our progress during the next conference call in a few months. I will turn the call back over to the operator to begin the Q&A session. Operator.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star and one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue.

You may press star and two if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. Ladies and gentlemen, we will wait for a moment while we poll for questions. The first question comes from the line of Thomas Flaten from Lake Street. Please go ahead.

Thomas Flaten (Analyst)

Hey, good afternoon, guys. Thanks for taking the question. Congrats on the quarter. Hey, Aaron, just sticking with guidance for a second. You have grouped together enterprise sales and the VA MVP program. Should we read into that that there are continuing Natera revenues, or is there a different enterprise customer in there?

Thomas, basically what we've done is we've guided both together. There would be revenue from both, right?

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

The VA contract is $7.5 million, so you can assume $7.5-$8 million for the VA. The balance would be for enterprise customers.

Thomas Flaten (Analyst)

Great. Maybe for Chris, I know you've mentioned how many tests you've done, but we haven't heard, at least I don't recall hearing, the number of customers you've had. If you're willing to share that, and any thoughts on reorder rate for those physicians that have been using the test so far? NeXT Personal Dx.

Chris Hall (CEO and President)

Yeah. We're closing in on about 300 doctors last quarter using the test now, so that continues to grow really nicely. You see that in the volume that's coming from both our organic group, which is only just a small group of about four-ish people, and then Tempus, which has got a couple hundred people out carrying the message to doctors.

Closing in on 300. The retention has been super high. We talked about it last quarter. We talked about how it was in the high 90% reorder rate. We're not going to disclose that quarter over quarter and so many moving parts about what doctors do and how they practice. We feel like the retention has been high, and we feel like the value is just being underscored every day. About 40% of our results, of our positive results, are in the ultra-sensitive range. When physicians start to see the power of that, they're sold. There are so many success stories that we run into around finding cancer sooner and being able to intervene and being able to see things, therapeutic response, and get the patient on the right therapy. These things are underscoring the value and helping to cement the retention.

Thomas Flaten (Analyst)

Super helpful.

Thanks for taking the questions.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. The next question comes from the line of Yuko Oku from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Madison Pasterchick (Associate)

Hi. This is Madison. I'm for Yuko. Thanks for taking the question. Congrats on the quarter. Just wondering if we could start. I realize you gave color on first quarter, but wondering how we should be thinking about the phasing of the top line as we look out to the rest of 2025.

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

Yeah.

Basically, in terms of the revenue guide, $85 million at the midpoint. The way we look at it, Madison, is it's probably half, first half, half of the revenue in the second half. In terms of the mixture there, biopharma is going to be probably 40% first half, 60% second half, but the enterprise customers, enterprise revenue would be the opposite.

In addition, clinical sales, the guide there is $3 million to $10 million. Most of that is going to be in the second half, right? Primarily because it's pending reimbursement.

Madison Pasterchick (Associate)

Got it. Okay. That's very helpful. On gross margins, I know last quarter, I think you noted a potential headwind of about 15%-18% points from unreimbursed tests. Is that still how you're thinking about it? Just given the uncertainty of the specific timing of reimbursement, how should we be thinking about the GM cadence over the year?

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

Yeah. That's the primary reason why we did provide a gross margin guide. Our gross margin guide for the full year of 2025 is 21%-23%. In 2024, we achieved 32%. If we didn't have the unreimbursed test costs in 2024, we probably would have been around 36%.

Going into 2025, as we assume no unreimbursed test costs, gross margins would be between 40% and the low 40s, right? There would be approximately 17%-18% of headwinds due to the unreimbursed test costs.

Okay. Thank you.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, if you wish to ask a question, please press star and one. The next question comes from the line of Swayampakula Ramakanth from H.C. Wainwright. Please go ahead.

Swayampakula Ramakanth (Analyst)

Thank you. Thanks, Chris and Aaron. When you talked about the three areas that you would be monitoring for growth in 2025 and beyond, regarding when you're talking about the clinical usage, you said not only utilizing the Tempus commercial team, but also you will be building a commercial team.

How much of an impact is it going to be on SG&A in 2025, or is this going to be pending reimbursement and all that? Most of that will actually be in late 2025, early 2026. How should we think about that, please?

Chris Hall (CEO and President)

Yeah. I mean, we've always said we'll have a small team. I mean, we're mostly planning on depending on Tempus, but we'll always have a small team for some of the relationships and also to work with the Tempus team in the field and be able to fill in some gaps and work. You learn a lot from doing that. We expect that team to be small. We've always said it'll be a relatively small investment in the next year or two. Nothing about today's call suggests that that's not the case.

We'll continue to just grow it as we go through the year by onesies and twosies and a little bit more aggressive as we have line of sight exactly on reimbursement. You always want to get in front of it because it takes some time to find the right people and get them into place and get them trained. It won't be meaningful financially.

Swayampakula Ramakanth (Analyst)

Okay. Okay. Talking about the reimbursement, it's great that you already have one submission done for breast cancer. In terms of what to expect on that, in the sense, in general, how long does it take for some of these submissions to come to a decision point? In terms of the next one, I thought you said lung cancer. If that is true, is there any way we can gauge the timing on it, or is this just TBD?

Chris Hall (CEO and President)

Yeah.

I mean, we have never said that the next one would be lung cancer or IO therapy monitoring. What we have gotten to this point is all three of the key publications have been submitted, and the lung cancer and the IO have been submitted. The journey of going through that process with journals is variable, okay? If the lung cancer one gets accepted before the IO one, we'll submit with the lung cancer. If the IO one gets submitted sooner, then we'll submit for IO sooner. Our intention, to be clear, while we're saying we expect to get two of three over the finish line, we're shooting for all three. Our goal is to have all three accepted and all three submitted and move the ball forward on all three. That's what our internal goal is, and that's what we're shooting for.

I mean, I think there's realistically something always tends to happen. The time from submission onwards, I think we think about it as six months plus or minus in general. I think sometimes it goes as long as nine, and it could go as fast as three. That's sort of where it is. I expect the back half of the year is when we'll start being able to make announcements on that. We were super excited to be able to move the ball forward and be able to get to the point where we could submit, and the submission looks great. We're really confident that we're on the right track here.

Swayampakula Ramakanth (Analyst)

Yeah. Yeah. Perfect. Thanks for taking my questions. Thank you. Thanks.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. The next question comes from the line of Dan Brennan from TD Cowen. Please go ahead.

William Ruby (Analyst)

Hi.

This is William Ruby on for Dan. Just one question for you. With a cash usage of $75-$80 million, are you anticipating that you'll potentially look to the capital markets this year?

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

We have plenty of capital in terms of what we've got on the balance sheet. What we've been saying, William, is that we have cash to get us to cash flow breakeven, right? In terms of going back to the markets to raise capital, we'll have to look at how things come together the rest of the year. If there's an area where maybe we need to further invest in, call it evidence or other areas of our business, then we'll look at different opportunities. Sitting here today, there's no specific need to come back to the market.

William Ruby (Analyst)

Thank you.

Aaron Tachibana (CFO and COO)

Sure.

Operator (participant)

Thank you.

Ladies and gentlemen, as there are no further questions, this concludes the question and answer session. The conference of Personalis has now concluded. Thank you for your participation, and you may now disconnect your lines.