Sleep Number - Q1 2024

Transcript

Operator (participant)

Welcome to Sleep Number's Q1 2024 earnings conference call. All lines have been placed in a listen-only mode until the Q&A session. Today's call is being recorded. If anyone has any objections, you may disconnect at this time. I would like to introduce Dave Schwantes, Vice President of Finance and Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.

Dave Schwantes (VP of Finance and Head of Investor Relations)

Good afternoon and welcome to Sleep Number Corporation Q1 2024 earnings conference call. Thank you for joining us. I am Dave Schwantes, Vice President of Finance and Investor Relations. With me today are Shelly Ibach, our Chair, President, and CEO, and Francis Lee, our Chief Financial Officer. This telephone conference is being recorded and will be available on our website at sleepnumber.com. Please refer to the details in our news release to access the replay. Please also refer to our news release for a reconciliation of certain non-GAAP financial measures and supplemental financial information included in the news release or that may be discussed on this call. The primary purpose of this call is to discuss the results of the fiscal period just ended. However, our commentary and responses to your questions may include certain forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties outlined in our earnings news release and discussed in some detail in our annual report on Form 10-K and other periodic filings with the SEC. The company's actual future results may vary materially. We also want to refer you to the latest version of our investor presentation, which is available on the Investor Relations section of our website. I will now turn the call over to Shelly for her comments.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us. My SleepIQ score last night was 90. Since our last earnings call in February, our team members throughout the company have consistently demonstrated resourcefulness while executing our three strategic imperatives: competing effectively, restoring margins, and increasing cash generation to pay down debt. As this work to transform our operating model continues, the industry-wide challenges that we have faced over the last two years also persist. Our actions are positioning Sleep Number for greater resilience across a range of macroeconomic and industry environments. Q1 results are largely as we expected, and we are reiterating our full-year Adjusted EBITDA guidance. During today's call, I'll provide brief context on the consumer environment, share our Q1 performance highlights, and describe ongoing actions we are taking to deliver on our commitments. Following my remarks, Francis will provide further details on our performance.

The mattress industry remains in a historic recession, with demand for the category likely down mid-single digits for the Q1 after incurring two previous years of double-digit mattress unit declines. While consumer sentiment is showing signs of improvement, the consumer's purchasing power is limited due to elevated interest rates and record-high credit card debt. As a result, consumers continue to scrutinize their spending and make near-term decisions based primarily on need, price, and perceived value, and they are deferring higher-ticket durable purchases. These factors contributed to consumer purchasing volatility throughout the Q1. We experienced our strongest demand in February, driven by the Presidents' Day selling period, and the weakest demand in January, impacted by weather. For the quarter overall, our demand was down mid-single digits.

In the Q1, we generated net sales of $470 million, down 11% from the prior year compared to the 10% decline we expected. Despite the pressured sales climate, our strong execution resulted in better-than-expected first-quarter adjusted EBITDA of $37 million. Against this backdrop, we prioritize actions that efficiently activate consumer interest and demand while lowering our customer acquisition costs compared to prior year. These precise, real-time adjustments to our marketing and selling strategies led to improved adjusted EBITDA margin performance. We have focused our efforts on three areas: first, consumer attitudinal segments to optimize our media strategy and lower our costs while maintaining impressions and increasing traffic; next, marketing messaging to convey more clearly the differentiated benefits of our Smart Beds.

Our new "Why Choose Sleep Number" campaign highlights our leadership in adjustable firmness, active individualized temperature benefits, the value of our Smart Beds for every budget, and claims of high customer satisfaction with our Smart Beds, including our J.D. Power number one ranking for mattresses purchased in-store. The campaign is resonating with consumers, and our brand health metrics are strong on consideration, value perception of the affordability of Sleep Number Smart Beds, and brand trust, particularly among premium intenders. And finally, actions that drive conversion by helping customers select the right Smart Bed for their budget before they consider the additional benefits of a Smart adjustable base. By continuing to test, learn, and adjust our online experience, promotional strategy, and selling process, we are generating a more profitable sales mix across all our digital and in-store touchpoints.

These actions drove a lower promotional spend and a higher mix in the Q1, resulting in a gross margin rate that was better than we expected. The efficiency improvements we have implemented over the past two quarters are meeting the revenue and margin targets established in the different tests. With this validation, we are now beginning to scale these actions for accelerated impact. We will accomplish this goal by leveraging our current econometric model used to inform media channel mix and investment levels and the predictive capabilities of our new elasticity model used to guide our promotional strategies in a range of consumer environments. Our teams have also developed a new Smart Bed that we plan to launch by the Q3. The C1 Smart Bed will be priced at $999 every day.

We expect the strong value equation of Smart adjustability starting under $1,000 to resonate with the scrutinizing consumer. In addition, we will be taking $200 in pricing on our C2 Smart Bed. These actions strengthen our competitive position and support more efficient demand generation, particularly among value-conscious consumers. Our second strategic comparative is restoring margins. We are continuing to target operating cost improvements of $40-$45 million in 2024 on top of the $85 million we realized in 2023. As a result, we expect 2024 operating expenses to be $125-$130 million below 2022 levels. We also remain intently focused on returning our gross margin rate to our historical average in the low 60s and expect our actions to restore our adjusted EBITDA margin to mid-double digits as industry demand normalizes.

To deliver on these operating expense and margin improvements, we are driving sustainable change across the organization in four principal areas: cost of customer acquisition, cost to serve customers, cost of goods sold, and G&A R&D leverage. During the Q1, we made tangible progress in each of these categories, including reductions in customer acquisition costs through the advancement of our predictive analytics, reductions in our cost to serve customers through self-service offerings, outsourcing strategies, and component sustainability efforts, and reductions in our cost of goods through structured sourcing strategies with additional flexibility in product and logistics. These actions will drive improved 2024 results as well as process change capabilities that will enable performance improvements in future years. Increasing cash generation to pay down debt is our third strategic priority.

In the Q1, our Adjusted EBITDA performance led to free cash flow generation of $24 million compared to $3 million for the same period last year. As we realize the benefits of our operating model transformation through 2024, we expect to generate $60-$80 million of free cash flow. Despite the persistent near-term headwinds, our long-term growth opportunity remains intact, as illustrated in the investor relations deck we posted to our website last month. Sleep remains one of the top health and wellness priorities of consumers and also one of the areas in which they have the most unmet needs. Sleep Number is uniquely positioned in the industry to address consumer barriers to quality sleep, help solve critical sleep health challenges, and improve lives through proven quality sleep.

Company culture is an important contributor to performance, and Sleep Number's exceptional culture is the result of our 4,000 team members' purpose-driven commitment. Thank you to our teams and partners for your passion, teamwork, and innovative mindset as we find new ways to compete effectively, restore margins, and generate robust free cash flow. We continue to focus on delivering value for our shareholders as we capitalize on the implementation of our durable operating model, the industry's gradual recovery, and our strategic progression as a sleep wellness technology company. With that, I'll turn the call over to Francis, who will provide more details on our Q1 results and full-year guidance.

Francis Lee (CFO)

Thank you, Shelly, and good afternoon, everyone. I will focus my remarks today on three primary areas: one, review of our Q1 results. Two, ongoing progress we are making in our cost restructuring efforts. And three, our 2024 outlook. Our results for the Q1 came in largely as expected, with Adjusted EBITDA a little higher than planned and net sales $2 million below expectations. Now, let me unpack more details regarding our Q1 results. Q1 net sales of $470 million were down 11% versus last year. Our net sales growth for the quarter included four points of headwind from year-over-year backlog changes. Our delivered units were down 9% for the quarter, with our ARU down 1% versus prior year.

Restoring our gross margin rate to higher levels is a key priority for the company, and we were pleased with the progress we made in the Q1. Our Q1 gross margin of 58.7% was above our expectations and a meaningful improvement from the back half of last year. We continue to identify and execute cost efficiency initiatives across the organization, including in our cost of goods sold. We also continue to make meaningful progress in driving efficiencies in our business, and we're ahead of plan in the Q1. Operating expenses, pre-restructuring costs, were down $24 million versus prior year. Cost reductions were broad-based, including reductions in selling and marketing expenses and R&D. We continue to target $40-$45 million of operating expense reductions for the year.

We recorded $10.6 million of restructuring costs in the quarter and expect approximately $3 million of additional restructuring costs the balance of the year. As a reminder, restructuring costs are reported as a separate line item in our financial statements, and we have also provided an as-adjusted EPS figure in our financial statements for comparative purposes. We generated $37 million of adjusted EBITDA in the quarter versus $49 million last year, primarily due to the year-over-year net sales decline. Our Q1 adjusted EBITDA was slightly ahead of expectations as we benefited from the acceleration of our cost efficiency initiatives. A key focus for us in 2024 is to generate free cash flow to reduce our outstanding credit line balance, even with the expectation of a modest sales decline for the year. For the Q1, we generated $24 million of free cash flow compared with $3 million last year.

The $21 million increase in free cash flow year-over-year included a $15 million improvement in operating cash flow, combined with a $6 million reduction in CapEx spending. For the full year, we expect to generate free cash flow of $60-$80 million, which we intend to use to pay down our credit line. Now, let me provide an update on the ongoing work we are doing in support of a more durable operating model. The mechanisms we put in place to promote and build sustainable change are enabling us to meet our operational transformational goals. Our initiatives and efforts are resulting in greater operating efficiency and financial resilience. We have progressed strategic sourcing initiatives across materials and logistics that have lowered our total cost of goods. Services simplification programs with increased digital assets for customer self-service options are lowering our cost to serve.

We have also implemented new stringent practices around indirect costs in support of sustained G&A leverage. Our store actions are on track with our expectations, and there are no material changes to the plan for the year that we communicated last quarter. As a reminder, we expect the net impact of store actions to be about a one-point drag to 2024 net sales growth, and we expect to end 2024 with approximately 30 fewer stores compared to 2023. Our gross margin improvement actions are progressing. We are focusing on durable operating activities that drive value engineering for our products, material cost reductions, and additional efficiencies through our manufacturing and home delivery network. Let me turn to an update on our 2024 outlook and a reminder on key assumptions included in our projected performance for the year.

The demand environment remains challenging, and we continue to focus on the things we can control. We have built our operating expense plans for the year on the basis of the industry not experiencing any material recovery in 2024, despite undergoing 2+ years of recessionary demand levels. We are reiterating our 2024 full-year Adjusted EBITDA outlook range of $125-$145 million. Here are a few items to highlight regarding the full-year guidance and Q2 expectations. We continue to expect net sales to be down mid-single digits for the year with a low single-digit demand decline. We are still assuming 3 percentage points of headwind from year-over-year backlog changes and 1 percentage point from net store actions. We expect sales growth to improve throughout the year, with low single-digit net sales growth expected in the back half of the year against easier comparisons.

We continue to expect a majority of the approximately 100 basis points of gross margin rate expansion in 2024 to be in the back half of the year. We are estimating restructuring costs of approximately $14 million for the year, slightly higher than our prior estimate of $12 million. Our debt-to-EBITDA ratio was 4.2 times at the end of the Q1 compared to our covenant maximum of 5.0 times for the quarter. We continue to expect our debt-to-EBITDA leverage to peak in Q2 and end the year below 3.75 times. We also wanted to provide some clarity regarding our Q2 2024 performance expectations. We are expecting net sales to be down high single digits versus the prior year's Q2, including 5-6 points of headwind from year-over-year backlog changes. We expect Q2 Adjusted EBITDA to be $20-$25 million.

I want to thank the entire team for the rigor and tenacity they have exhibited as we make important changes to our business for a more durable operating model while positioning ourselves to rebound with pace when the demand environment improves. We look forward to sharing our ongoing progress with you as we proceed throughout the year. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.

Operator (participant)

Thank you. The floor is now open for questions. If you have dialed in and would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad to raise your hand and join the queue. If you would like to withdraw your question, simply press star one again. If you're called upon to ask a question and are listening via loudspeaker on your device, please pick up your handset to ensure that your phone is not on mute when asking your question. Your first question comes from the line of Peter Keith of Piper Sandler. Your line is open.

Peter Keith (Consumer Analyst focused on Hardline and Broadline Retail Companies)

Hi. Thanks. Good afternoon, everyone. I hope all is well. I just want to dig into the demand trends just to clarify a few things. So I think the quarter ended up negative mid-single digit on a demand basis. I think at the time of the Q4 call, you were also at negative mid-single digit. So I guess fair to say that I guess with March, you just kind of continued this negative mid-single digit trend and any comments around what we're seeing so far in Q2.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Hi, Peter. Thank you for the question. You're right in your summary of the demand trends. The shape of the Q1 was certainly choppy. We did end the month of February down low single digits, and March and Q2 to date so March and April to date are also down mid-single digits. We expect the strength of Q2 to be in May, again around the market share period, and that, of course, is the largest month. For the Q2, we're expecting demand to be down low to mid-single digits in the quarter. From everything that we've read and understand, it appears the industry probably also was down mid-single digits for the Q1.

Peter Keith (Consumer Analyst focused on Hardline and Broadline Retail Companies)

Yep. Okay. Very helpful. I would agree with that. And then you mentioned you're launching the C1 product in Q3 and I think adjusting the pricing on the C2. I think it's coming down a little bit. Does that have any implications on the gross margin as we just think about maybe back half of the year as those pricing adjustments come in and new products come in?

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yes, in a positive way. The C2 we're taking pricing on the C2, so we're actually increasing the price of the C2 by $200. And the C1 will be at $999, and that's certainly a value-engineered innovation that our teams have developed here in a short period of time. And we like the opening price point for a Smart Bed with adjustable firmness. And we see the combination of these actions to be positive as a contributor to our gross margin improvement expectations in the back half. And again, we continue to expect about 100 basis points of gross margin rate improvement on the year, primarily in the back half.

Peter Keith (Consumer Analyst focused on Hardline and Broadline Retail Companies)

Okay. Very helpful. One last one for me and Shelly. This is kind of an off-the-wall question, but it's something I've been thinking about. I'm wondering if you have ever contemplated taking the brand back to wholesale. I know that was done pre-GFC in quite a wide manner. And just thinking out loud that maybe if you were to go to more of a specialized manner, one to two key retailers, a nice way to expand the brand, take some share, and you'd certainly be taking advantage of an environment where retailers are looking for new and innovative products.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Well, thanks so much for the thought, and we continue to explore a wide range of opportunities as we look forward and are very focused on increasing our shareholder value. We'll continue to compete aggressively. You'll see us be leaning in, and thanks for your thoughts.

Peter Keith (Consumer Analyst focused on Hardline and Broadline Retail Companies)

Okay. Thank you, and good luck.

Operator (participant)

Your next question comes from the line of Robert Griffin of Raymond James. Your line is open.

Bobby Griffin (Managing Director in Consumer Hardline and Specialty Retail)

Hey, guys. Good afternoon. This is Bobby. Thanks for taking my questions. I guess, Shelly, first, I wanted to go back to I think it was in your prepared remarks. You talked a little bit about the change and some of the promotional aspects. So I was hoping, can you just unpack kind of what you guys have changed and maybe share some of the data that you're seeing that gives you confidence that the different promotional aspects is not driving an impact in sales? Because I think right now, a lot of investors are zeroed in on getting the sales to turn in this business given kind of the flow-through.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Thanks for your questions, Bobby. Maybe I'll just start with media and where we have media planned and how we spent in Q1. So we continue to plan about 14% of sales. We expect efficiency from our initiatives, especially in this very challenging environment. And in the Q1, we were down mid-single digits in our media spend, the same as demand. We focused on continuing to test, learn, and make adjustments, building on the initiatives that we started in the Q4 around segments who we're targeting, around the media allocation, messaging, and also our promotional strategy.

In addition to the econometric model that we've been utilizing for, well, since 2013, that is quite helpful in media allocation, the new model with predictive analytics that we have built around promotional strategy is informing our actions to be more precise on how we spend our promotional and financing dollars so that we benefit to the greatest degree, driving efficiency, improving our efficiency so we can allocate more dollars to media in this environment. So we've continued to learn. We have been very effective in our test results, and we are ready to apply this and have begun applying this at greater scale in the Q2. I would turn to the results in Q1. Although constrained around demand, the effectiveness of our results drove a higher mix and a higher gross margin profile overall.

That is very important in our durable operating model to be able to be more efficient and effective with our media dollars. This continues to be a time of real pressure on our industry. Our industry normally benefits from natural traffic flow in the macro, which contributes about 20% of sales in just a regular industry environment with strong consumer sentiment. And right now, that base is only about 12%. The effectiveness of our dollars is really important for us, and that's what we're excited about with the advanced machine learning models that we have and reviewing them in a holistic manner to both our media dollars and promotional dollars and how we will apply them for the balance of the year to be able to generate and deliver against our margin and revenue goals.

Bobby Griffin (Managing Director in Consumer Hardline and Specialty Retail)

Okay. Thank you. And I guess my second question before I turn it back over to others is just on the store portfolio changes. We've started some of the closing process, and I know it's still early. But Francis, anything you can share on what you're seeing from a recapture basis as you've gone market by market and started closing some of these stores?

Francis Lee (CFO)

Hey, Bobby. Thanks for asking. Our store actions are progressing on track. As we communicated, we will be ending the year with about 30 net store actions relative to 2023. The majority of those closures are happening in the first half of the year, and our early indications on the sales transfers are that they are tracking to or above our expectations. And we'll continue to monitor that as we get more solid data as time continues here.

Bobby Griffin (Managing Director in Consumer Hardline and Specialty Retail)

Thank you. I'll turn it over to somebody else, but best of luck here in the Q2.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Thank you.

Operator (participant)

Your next question comes from the line of Seth Basham of Wedbush. Your line is open.

Seth Basham (Managing Director in Hardline Retail)

Thanks a lot, and good afternoon. My first question is on average revenue per mattress unit, which dipped year-over-year in the quarter. Could you give us some color as to why that is and how should we think about that going forward?

Francis Lee (CFO)

Yeah. Thanks for the question, Seth. This is Francis. I can certainly share with you our outlook for the year. We anticipate ARU and units to be flattest for the year on a demand basis in line with our expectations. When we split it out and look at it first half versus second half of the year, we're looking at the ARU to be down slightly in first half and up low single digits in the second half of the year. But those are right in line with our expectations for our plans.

Seth Basham (Managing Director in Hardline Retail)

Got it. And that change is being driven by comparisons? Is it being driven by a mix of attachments or promotions? What's driving it?

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Seth, I think you were asking specifically about Q1 ARU, and the ARU from Q4 to Q1 came up about $200. That was driven by mix, mix within the Smart Bed line driving a stronger innovation mix, and we continue to have strength with our Climate360. The year-over-year compare, you're right, was down slightly. We do, as Francis said, continue to see these two metrics being about flat for the year, flat-ish. There will be some fluctuations. When you look at last year's ARU, it was the Q1 that we had the FlexFit 3s and the FlexFit 2s back into our assortment after not having them for about 18 months. So there was some pent-up attach on the FlexFit 3 at that time.

So thus, this composition with a higher ARU than Q4 but yet a little lower than prior year, the relationship driving up the SmartBed line drove higher mix and ARU and margin overall. So we spent less promotion dollars and financing in the quarter from both a rate and a dollar perspective.

Seth Basham (Managing Director in Hardline Retail)

Gotcha. That's a good segue. Improving rate and margin dollars on a gross basis. But what about after taking into account promotional financing costs as we noticed that your 0% financing terms extended later in the quarter?

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yes. When I mentioned that the promo, so promo and financing combined, year-over-year, our dollars and rate were lower on a demand basis than the prior year.

Seth Basham (Managing Director in Hardline Retail)

Got it. As you think about your new models and how effective they are going between cash discounts versus longer financing terms, is what we saw later in the quarter more indicative of how you plan to adjust going forward, or is there considerations around holiday market share periods versus non-holiday periods?

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

There are absolutely considerations in the different periods, and we are seeing the strength of the business in the market share periods. We will continue to lean into other tactics, especially with our Smart Sleepers in some of the non-promotional or non-market share period.

Seth Basham (Managing Director in Hardline Retail)

Got it. Thank you very much.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Thanks, Seth.

Operator (participant)

Your next question comes from the line of Dan Silverstein of UBS. Your line is open.

Daniel Silverstein (VP and Equity Research Analyst in Coverage of Companies within the Consumer Discretionary)

Hey, guys. This is Dan calling in on behalf of Michael Lasser. Thanks for taking our questions, and congrats on the quarter.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Thanks, Dan. Nice to meet you.

Daniel Silverstein (VP and Equity Research Analyst in Coverage of Companies within the Consumer Discretionary)

You as well. Just a quick question on the demand comp expectations. So for the full year, guidance contemplates a low single-digit decline. Kind of 2Q to date is in the down mid-singles range. So I guess that implies a slight acceleration in the back half. But shouldn't this accelerate a lot? If you look at the multi-year compares in the back half this year, it gets a lot easier. So just wondering, is that just some level of conservatism? I guess that's the first question.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Well, let's start with the industry overall. We continue to expect a pressured industry even with multiple years of double-digit unit declines. We still expect the industry to be pressured this year, and we have a little bit of additional pressure with our store actions. That's about one point of additional pressure. And you're right. As we lap Q3, Q3 for us and for the industry was down double digits, we had even more pressure in Q3, more opportunity, I should say, around our messaging this year, which we expect to be much stronger. So we do expect improvement in the back half. It remains a very choppy environment as we experienced in January with a consumer pullback and weather and also the consumer behavior in March and yet some good strength in February. So the environment remains choppy.

We do expect improvement in the Q3 and in the back half as we comp easier compares but also as we advance our initiatives around competing more effectively. It gives us confidence in being able to deliver on our commitments. Like everyone, we're anxious to see a better environment for the consumer and for this industry.

Daniel Silverstein (VP and Equity Research Analyst in Coverage of Companies within the Consumer Discretionary)

Got it. Thank you. Then just a second question on gross margins, maybe kind of more of a longer-term one. If you achieve the guidance you guys laid out for 100 basis points of expansion this year, what gets you what's the glide path to 60%+ from there? Is it just continued operational work? Or if you could just a few comments on the major drivers that remain the opportunity that remains today.

Francis Lee (CFO)

Yeah. Hey, Dan. We are working on making sustainable changes in our operating model across a variety of areas that I referenced in my prepared remarks around gross margin, around sourcing, manufacturing, how we deliver the product. And so as we come those are sustainable changes. Some of those changes come in this year. They'll be more fully annualized into next year and beyond. So you couple that with also some volume uptick when the industry returns, and you'll be getting essentially gross margin leverage going forward so that you'll be back into a more normalized zone that we've seen in the past.

Daniel Silverstein (VP and Equity Research Analyst in Coverage of Companies within the Consumer Discretionary)

Thank you. And best of luck.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Great. Thank you, Dan.

Operator (participant)

Your last question comes from the line of Bradley Thomas of KeyBanc. Your line is open.

Bradley Thomas (Equity Research Analyst in Retail Hardlines and Consumer Sectors)

Hi. Thanks for getting me on here. Shelly, I wanted to just follow up on the C2 and the relaunch and the price increase. For one, maybe can you give us any early insights into how the product is different from the prior version as you refresh it? And just the $200 price increase does seem pretty significant on what is it? About $1,100, I think the list price is today, pretty significant just in the context that we know the consumer's been a bit stretched. And I think it was only a quarter or two ago that you were talking about being a little bit more promotional to make sure you drove demand. So just a little bit more about your confidence that that price increase is something that is the right move here for that product this time.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Brad, thank you for your question. So we are introducing an additional Smart Bed called the C1. And we're introducing that bed at $999. So that comes in lower than our current C2. And at the same time, we're taking pricing, not relaunching, but just taking pricing, increasing the price of the C2 by $200. So that's a step-up story. So we'll offer the C1 Sleep Number Smart Bed with effortless adjustable firmness and all the features of the Smart Bed at $999 every day. And then we will take pricing of $200 on the C2, and then, of course, we'll continue with our other models. So the C1's an addition.

Bradley Thomas (Equity Research Analyst in Retail Hardlines and Consumer Sectors)

Gotcha. Okay. That's helpful. And then just if I could follow up with a margin question of my own, I know that the company's committed to R&D and innovation, but just wondering, as you reflect on the current margin trends and the current environment, if there's any updated thinking about what the right level of R&D spend is for the company to properly still be able to drive growth but also be disciplined, and just how you're thinking about that in sort of the short-term and longer-term.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. I'll comment on the four areas that I mentioned in my script that we will be measuring on an ongoing basis when we think about our durable operating model: the cost of acquisition, the cost of goods, the cost to serve customers, and then G&A and R&D leverage. So we'll always be tying out to those principal areas in the future. That helps us with ongoing discipline over time on each of those areas in each of those areas. So I think that's a good way to think about it as we think about it.

We're driving some significant R&D reduction here this year in our operating model, and we've reprioritized for efficiency many of the resources, which is helping us get after our cost of goods sold right now, as well as innovations like the C1, the addition of C1, and other strong innovation pipeline items that we have coming in as we approach 2025.

Bradley Thomas (Equity Research Analyst in Retail Hardlines and Consumer Sectors)

Gotcha. That's helpful. Thanks so much, Shelly.

Shelly Ibach (Chair, President, and CEO)

Yeah. Thank you.

Operator (participant)

That concludes our Q&A session. I'll now turn the conference back over to the company for closing remarks.

Dave Schwantes (VP of Finance and Head of Investor Relations)

Thank you for joining us today. We look forward to discussing our Q2 2024 performance with you in July. Sleep well and dream big.

Operator (participant)

This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.