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    Kroger Co (KR)

    Kroger Co. is a prominent food and drug retailer operating 2,722 supermarkets across 35 states and the District of Columbia, with additional online operations through a digital ecosystem . The company primarily focuses on its retail grocery business, which includes retail pharmacies and fuel centers, aiming to grow customer loyalty by delivering value and convenience . Kroger's revenue is mainly derived from the sale of consumer products in its stores, fuel centers, and online platforms, with retail operations accounting for 97% of its consolidated sales . The company's product lines include non-perishable items, fresh produce, supermarket fuel, and pharmacy products, with its private label, Our Brands, playing a significant role in its merchandising strategy .

    1. Non-Perishable Items - Offers a wide range of packaged and shelf-stable products, contributing significantly to total sales.
    2. Fresh Produce - Provides a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, emphasizing quality and freshness.
    3. Supermarket Fuel - Operates fuel centers that offer gasoline and other fuel products to customers.
    4. Pharmacy Products - Includes prescription medications and health-related products available in retail pharmacies.
    5. Our Brands - Features a private label line that enhances the company's merchandising strategy, offering exclusive products across various categories.
    Initial Price$55.33August 2, 2024
    Final Price$56.57November 2, 2024
    Price Change$1.24
    % Change+2.24%

    What went well

    • Strong momentum in growth areas such as pharmacy, digital business, and alternative profit businesses, which gives Kroger confidence in operating profit growth in 2025.
    • Kroger is opening or expanding the most number of stores in seven years, and expects to continue opening more stores, which are performing well in terms of customer connections, volumes, and early profitability.
    • Mainstream customers are feeling better and increasing their engagement and spending, contributing to Kroger's positive performance, and current trends are tracking better than expected during the holiday season.

    What went wrong

    • Kroger anticipates continued margin pressure due to investments in price and wages to remain competitive, which the company acknowledges as headwinds.
    • Budget-conscious customers remain under strain due to inflation and higher interest rates, affecting their spending and potentially impacting Kroger's sales.
    • There is uncertainty surrounding the pending merger with Albertsons, and if it doesn't proceed, Kroger may have limited opportunities for transformational growth, affecting its future prospects.

    Q&A Summary

    1. Next Year's Outlook
      Q: What are the expected tailwinds and headwinds for next year?
      A: Management indicated it's too early for specifics on next year's guidance, especially as they await the merger ruling with Albertsons, which will affect guidance. However, they are optimistic due to momentum in growth areas like pharmacy, digital business, and alternative profits. They don't foresee any unusual headwinds or tailwinds at this time.

    2. Albertsons Merger Impact
      Q: How will Kroger proceed if the Albertsons merger is rejected?
      A: Management stated that if the merger doesn't happen, they won't seek another transformational acquisition. They'll continue to focus on organic growth, as they don't need mergers to be successful.

    3. Gross Margin Outlook
      Q: How do you view gross margin trends into Q4 and beyond?
      A: Excluding the impact of the KSP divestiture, gross margin improved due to strong growth in Our Brands and reductions in shrink. They expect margins to be relatively flat year-over-year in Q4, excluding KSP. Improvements in warehouse and transportation costs and favorable sales mix also contribute positively.

    4. Inflation Expectations
      Q: What's your outlook on inflation into next year?
      A: Management expects inflation to remain relatively stable, possibly with a slight expansion next year. They don't anticipate any significant changes and note that vendors are being more aggressive with trade dollars, which could affect inflation over time. ,

    5. Price Investments and CPG Trade Dollars
      Q: Are you content with the level of price investments from vendors?
      A: They observe that CPGs are becoming more aggressive with trade dollars. Kroger is open to partnering with vendors to drive tonnage growth. If vendors are less willing to invest, Kroger is content to promote its higher-margin Our Brands, as customers respond well to them.

    6. Alternative Profit Business Growth
      Q: How is the alternative profit business performing?
      A: The alternative profit business continues to meet growth expectations, with margins meaningfully higher than the supermarket business. Digital growth at low double digits supports both the core business and alternative profits.

    7. Pharmacy and Digital Sales Growth
      Q: How are pharmacy and digital sales contributing to performance?
      A: Management is pleased with strong results in pharmacy, particularly in vaccine growth. Digital sales grew at low double-digit rates, aligning with expectations and driving both core and alternative profit growth. ,

    8. Consumer Sentiment and Customer Segments
      Q: How are different customer segments performing?
      A: Mainstream customers connected better in Q3 than in Q2; they report feeling better. Lower-income customers remain under strain due to accumulated inflation and higher interest rates, affecting them more significantly. ,

    9. Media Growth and Alternative Revenues
      Q: Is retail media growth slowing down?
      A: Management expects retail media growth to be around 20% for the year, continuing to be a fast-growing part of the business. They acknowledge more advertising platforms are available but are confident due to strong returns on ad spend for CPGs partnering with Kroger.

    10. SG&A Leverage and Wage Investments
      Q: How will SG&A leverage relate to wage inflation going forward?
      A: They will continue to balance wage investments with profitability enhancements, aiming to leverage SG&A even with stable inflation and sales. They are committed to investing in wages while maintaining SG&A leverage.

    11. In-Store Order Selection Efficiency
      Q: Can costs for in-store order selection decrease significantly?
      A: Management expects to reduce costs per order by double digits over the next 2–3 years through productivity initiatives, starting with high-volume locations. They see potential to apply technology in other areas as well.

    12. Fresh Initiatives and RFID in Bakery
      Q: What's the progress with RFID tags in the bakery?
      A: They are testing RFID tags in bakery and are happy with initial results, which help associates and improve product freshness and stock levels. It's too early for budget estimates, but they are excited about the potential.

    13. Boost Membership Program
      Q: Are you satisfied with Boost membership sign-ups and retention?
      A: They are very happy with Boost membership, noting high renewal rates and high NPS scores. They are excited about its potential and aim to educate more customers about the program's value.

    14. GLP-1 Drug Contribution
      Q: How will GLP-1 drugs impact sales next year?
      A: They expect continued growth in GLP-1 prescriptions as more manufacturers enter the market and supply increases, driving further sales growth in the pharmacy segment.

    15. Fuel Margin Trends
      Q: Can you provide color on fuel CPG contributions?
      A: Fuel performance was challenging in Q3, with declines in gallons and cents per gallon. They expect fuel profitability to be more stable year-over-year in Q4, based on recent trends.

    16. Prepared Food Offerings
      Q: How are you competing with restaurants in prepared foods?
      A: Management sees a huge opportunity in prepared foods, noting that over half of meals bought at restaurants are consumed at home or in cars. They are trying different approaches and working with outside companies but are just scratching the surface.

    17. Tariffs Impact
      Q: How might tariffs affect your business?
      A: Tariff impacts on Kroger are modest since they import a small percentage of products. In fresh departments, less than 20% is imported, and even less in center store. They believe they can manage any tariff-related challenges effectively.

    NamePositionStart DateShort Bio
    W. Rodney McMullenChairman and Chief Executive OfficerJanuary 1, 2014W. Rodney McMullen has been with Kroger since 1978, starting as a part-time stock clerk. He was elected as Chairman of the Board effective January 1, 2015, and has served as Chief Executive Officer since January 1, 2014. Prior to these roles, he held various leadership positions, including President and Chief Operating Officer .
    Gary MillerchipSenior Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerApril 2019Gary Millerchip was elected as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Kroger effective April 2019. Before this role, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Kroger Personal Finance from July 2010 to April 2019 .
    Stuart W. AitkenSenior Vice President and Chief Merchant and Marketing OfficerAugust 2020Stuart W. Aitken was named Senior Vice President and Chief Merchant and Marketing Officer in August 2020. He was elected Senior Vice President in February 2019 and served as Group Vice President from June 2015 to February 2019. He has announced his resignation, effective January 1, 2025 .
    Yael CossetSenior Vice President and Chief Information OfficerMay 2019Yael Cosset was elected as Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer at Kroger in May 2019. He is responsible for leading Kroger's digital strategy and assumed responsibility for Kroger's alternative profit businesses in August 2020 .
    Timothy A. MassaSenior Vice President and Chief People OfficerJune 2018Timothy A. Massa was elected Senior Vice President in June 2018 and serves as the company's Chief People Officer. He joined Kroger in October 2010 as Vice President, Corporate Human Resources and Talent Development .
    Todd A. FoleySenior Vice President and Interim Chief Financial OfficerMarch 2024Todd A. Foley was named Senior Vice President and Interim Chief Financial Officer of The Kroger Co. in March 2024. He has held various leadership positions within Kroger since 2001 .
    Carin L. FikeVice President and TreasurerApril 2017Carin L. Fike was elected as Vice President and Treasurer of Kroger effective April 2017. She began her career with Kroger in 1999 .
    Valerie L. JabbarSenior Vice PresidentAugust 19, 2021Valerie L. Jabbar was elected Senior Vice President at Kroger effective August 19, 2021. She joined Kroger in 1987 as a clerk in the Fry’s Division .
    Kenneth C. KimballSenior Vice PresidentMarch 2022Kenneth C. Kimball was elected as Senior Vice President in March 2022 and is responsible for the oversight of several Kroger retail divisions. He joined Kroger in 1984 .
    Mary E. AdcockSenior Vice PresidentMay 1, 2019Mary E. Adcock was elected Senior Vice President at Kroger effective May 1, 2019. She joined Kroger in 1999 .
    Gabriel ArreagaSenior Vice President of Supply ChainDecember 2020Gabriel Arreaga was elected as Senior Vice President of Supply Chain at Kroger in December 2020. He is responsible for the company's supply chain organization .
    Brian W. NicholsVice President, Corporate ControllerMarch 2024Brian W. Nichols was elected as Vice President, Corporate Controller at Kroger in March 2024. He joined Kroger in 2000 .
    Christine S. WheatleySenior Vice President, General Counsel, and SecretaryMay 2023Christine S. Wheatley was elected as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary of Kroger in May 2023. She joined Kroger in February 2008 .
    1. Fuel sales and profitability were significantly lower this quarter compared to last year. What strategies are you implementing to offset this decline in fuel profitability, and how do you anticipate it impacting your earnings in upcoming quarters?
    2. With inflation normalizing around 1% and expected to remain consistent, how do you plan to sustain sales growth and margin expansion in a low-inflation environment, especially considering the ongoing pressure on budget-conscious households?
    3. You mentioned that budget-conscious households remain under pressure and may take longer to feel the benefits of economic improvement. What specific actions are you taking to retain and engage these customers to prevent potential loss of market share?
    4. In discussing your prepared food offerings and competition with restaurants, you acknowledged that you're just scratching the surface. What challenges have you faced in fully capitalizing on this opportunity, and what initiatives are you implementing to accelerate growth in this area?
    5. Given your net total debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio is significantly below your target range, and considering the potential that the Albertsons merger may not proceed, how do you intend to leverage your strong balance sheet to drive growth and enhance shareholder value through alternative investments or strategic initiatives?
    Program DetailsProgram 1Program 2
    Approval DateSeptember 9, 2022 December 11, 2024
    End Date/DurationDecember 11, 2024 Not specified
    Total additional amount$1.0 billion $7.5 billion
    Remaining authorization$0.0 billion $7.5 billion
    DetailsTerminated $5.0 billion expected via accelerated share repurchase

    Q3 2025 Earnings Call

    • Issued Period: Q3 2025
    • Guided Period: FY 2024
    • Guidance:
      1. Identical Sales Without Fuel: Expected to be in the range of 1.2% to 1.5%.
      2. Adjusted FIFO Operating Profit: Expected to be in the range of $4.6 billion to $4.7 billion.
      3. Adjusted Net Earnings Per Diluted Share (EPS): Expected to be in the range of $4.35 to $4.45.
      4. Adjusted Effective Tax Rate: Expected to be 22.5% .

    Q2 2025 Earnings Call

    • Issued Period: Q2 2025
    • Guided Period: FY 2024
    • Guidance:
      1. Capital Expenditures (CapEx): Raised to a range of $3.6 billion to $3.8 billion.
      2. Identical Sales Without Fuel: Adjusted to be in the range of 0.75% to 1.75%.
      3. Gross Margin and OG&A Rates: FIFO gross margin rate, excluding fuel, expected to be slightly positive; OG&A rate without fuel slightly negative.
      4. Adjusted Free Cash Flow: Guidance remains unaffected.
      5. Fuel Margins: Expected to be relatively flat compared to last year.
      6. Inflation: Expected to trend around 1%.
      7. Earnings Per Share (EPS): Third quarter expected to be slightly ahead year-over-year; fourth quarter slightly behind on a 52-week basis .

    Q1 2025 Earnings Call

    • Issued Period: Q1 2025
    • Guided Period: FY 2024
    • Guidance:
      1. Full Year Guidance: Reaffirmed annual guidance.
      2. Adjusted EPS: Expected decline in Q2 similar to Q1 due to pharmacy business pressures.
      3. Gross Margin: Expected to be relatively flat year-over-year.
      4. OG&A Rate: Expected to be similar to slightly higher in Q2 compared to Q1.
      5. Inflation: Expected to be slightly over 1%.
      6. Digital and Retail Media Growth: Expected growth in excess of 20% for the year .

    Q4 2024 Earnings Call

    • Issued Period: Q4 2024
    • Guided Period: FY 2024
    • Guidance:
      1. Identical Sales Without Fuel: Expected to be between 0.25% and 1.75%.
      2. Adjusted FIFO Operating Profit: Expected to be between $4.6 billion and $4.8 billion.
      3. Adjusted Net Earnings Per Diluted Share: Expected to be between $4.30 and $4.50.
      4. Inflation: Expected to be around 1%.
      5. Capital Investments: Expected to be between $3.4 billion and $3.6 billion.
      6. Fuel Business: Expected to be flat in operating profit year-over-year.
      7. Pharmacy Margins: Expected to remain stable.
      8. Quarterly Earnings Per Share:
        • Q1: Expected to be down low double digits year-over-year.
        • Q2: Expected to be relatively in line with last year.
        • Q3: Expected to increase double digits compared to last year.
        • Q4: Expected to be in line with last year on an adjusted 52-week basis .

    Competitors mentioned in the company's latest 10K filing.

    • Albertsons Companies, Inc. (included from June 26, 2020 when it began trading)
    • Costco Wholesale Corporation
    • CVS Health Corporation
    • Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize N.V.
    • Target Corp.
    • Walgreens Boots Alliance Inc.
    • Walmart Inc.

    Recent developments and announcements about KR.

    Financial Reporting

      Earnings Call

      ·
      Dec 6, 2024, 8:40 AM

      Kroger recently held its third quarter 2024 earnings call, where several key points were discussed:

      1. Financial Performance: Kroger reported strong third-quarter sales, particularly in pharmacy and digital sectors, reflecting the versatility of their business model. Digital sales grew by 11%, with delivery sales increasing by 18% . Adjusted FIFO operating profit was $1.02 billion, and adjusted EPS was $0.98 per diluted share, marking a 3% increase from the previous year .

      2. Forward Guidance: Kroger has narrowed its guidance for the year, expecting identical sales without fuel to be between 1.2% and 1.5%. Adjusted FIFO operating profit is projected to be between $4.6 billion and $4.7 billion, with adjusted net earnings per diluted share expected to range from $4.35 to $4.45 .

      3. Market Conditions and Strategic Initiatives: The company is focused on enhancing its go-to-market strategy, emphasizing fresh produce, digital engagement, and personalized customer experiences. They are also investing in technology, such as RFID tags in bakery items, to improve inventory management and product freshness .

      4. Analyst Questions and Management Responses: Analysts inquired about various topics, including the impact of inflation, wage investments, and the potential effects of tariffs. Management highlighted their strategy to balance wage investments with profitability enhancements and noted that tariffs have a modest impact on their operations .

      5. Merger with Albertsons: Kroger is awaiting court rulings on its pending merger with Albertsons, which they believe will provide significant benefits to customers and communities. However, they remain confident in their business model regardless of the merger's outcome .

      6. Customer Trends: There is a noted improvement in customer sentiment, with mainstream and premium households returning to pre-pandemic shopping patterns more quickly. However, budget-conscious households continue to feel the pressure of economic conditions .

      Overall, Kroger is optimistic about its future, driven by strong digital growth, strategic investments, and a focus on customer experience.

      Earnings Report

      ·
      Dec 5, 2024, 1:33 PM

      Kroger has released its third quarter 2024 earnings results. Here are the key highlights:

      • Identical Sales: Kroger reported a 2.3% increase in identical sales without fuel compared to the same period last year .

      • Operating Profit: The company achieved an operating profit of $828 million, with an adjusted FIFO operating profit of $1,017 million .

      • Earnings Per Share (EPS): Kroger reported an EPS of $0.84 and an adjusted EPS of $0.98 for the third quarter .

      • Sales Performance: Total company sales were $33.6 billion, slightly down from $34.0 billion in the same period last year, primarily due to the sale of Kroger Specialty Pharmacy and lower fuel sales. Excluding these factors, sales increased by 2.7% .

      • Digital and Brand Growth: Digital sales grew by 11%, and sales of Kroger's own brands outpaced total grocery sales growth .

      • Strategic Initiatives: Kroger continued to execute its go-to-market strategy, focusing on delivering value through low prices, personalized offers, and high-quality products .

      • Merger with Albertsons: Kroger remains committed to its proposed merger with Albertsons, which is expected to bring benefits such as lower prices and expanded access to fresh food .

      • Guidance Update: Kroger has narrowed its guidance range for the full year 2024, expecting identical sales without fuel to grow between 1.20% and 1.50%, adjusted FIFO operating profit to be between $4.6 billion and $4.7 billion, and adjusted net earnings per diluted share to be between $4.35 and $4.45 .

      These results reflect Kroger's strategic focus on digital growth, brand development, and operational efficiency, positioning the company for sustainable long-term growth despite a challenging macroeconomic environment.

    Corporate Leadership

      Leadership Change

      ·
      Nov 22, 2024, 10:46 PM

      Stuart Aitken, Senior Vice President and Chief Merchant and Marketing Officer at The Kroger Co., is leaving his position effective January 1, 2025. He is resigning to pursue other professional opportunities .