Littelfuse - Earnings Call - Q1 2025
April 30, 2025
Executive Summary
- Q1 2025 beat on both revenue and adjusted EPS: revenue $554.3M (+3.5% YoY) and adjusted EPS $2.19 (+24% YoY) vs S&P Global consensus of $538.6M and $1.81, respectively; strength came from Electronics recovery and robust Industrial growth, while Transportation margins expanded despite softer volumes. Q1 consensus: Revenue $538.6M*, EPS $1.81*.
- Adjusted operating margin expanded 320 bps YoY to 14.2% and adjusted EBITDA margin reached 20.1%, reflecting operational execution and conversion on growth.
- Management guided Q2 2025 revenue to $565–$595M and adjusted EPS to $2.10–$2.40 with a 23–25% adjusted tax rate, and indicated tariff mitigation actions should make tariffs immaterial to Q2 earnings; book-to-bill >1 across all segments entering Q2.
- Narrative catalysts: Data center and renewables design-win momentum; tariff mitigation and “local-for-local” footprint; healthy cash generation (OCF $65.8M; FCF $42.7M) and low leverage (1.3x) support strategic M&A and buybacks/dividends.
What Went Well and What Went Wrong
- What Went Well
- Electronics segment returned to growth (+5.5% sales; 15.2% operating margin, +220 bps YoY), with passive products +13% organically and strong sequential leverage on volumes.
- Industrial segment accelerated (+15.3% sales; 15.3% operating margin, +880 bps YoY) on renewables, data center and HVAC demand and favorable pricing.
- Management highlighted new design wins in data center power distribution and megawatt-capable power semis; “we are leaders in developing smart solutions that enable safe and efficient electrical energy transfer”.
- What Went Wrong
- Transportation sales declined (-5.0% YoY) on softer passenger car (−6% organically) and CV (−2% organically), particularly Europe/North America mix, though margins improved to 11.7%.
- Higher restructuring/other charges ($9.0M) and elevated FX loss (+$4.8M) weighed on GAAP EPS ($1.75 vs $1.93 YoY) despite stronger adjusted profitability.
- Management flagged second-half demand uncertainty (auto and personal electronics) despite strong Q2 backlog; tariff/macro backdrop remains fluid.
Transcript
Operator (participant)
Good day and welcome, everyone, to the First Quarter 2025 Littelfuse Earnings Call. Please note this call is being recorded, and it is now my pleasure to turn it over to the Head of Investor Relations, David Kelley. You may begin.
David Kelley (Head of Investor Relations)
Good morning and welcome to the Littelfuse First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. With me today are Greg Henderson, President and CEO, and Meenal Sethna, Executive Vice President and CFO. Yesterday, we reported results for our Q1, and a copy of our earnings release and slide presentation is available in the investor relations section of our website. A webcast of today's conference call will also be available on our website. Please advance to slide two for our disclaimers. Our discussions today will include forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements may involve significant risks and uncertainties. Please review yesterday's press release and our forms 10-K and 10-Q for more detail about important risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. We assume no obligation to update any of this forward-looking information. Also, our remarks today refer to non-GAAP financial measures.
A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP measure is provided in our earnings release available in the investor relations section of our website. I will now turn the call over to Greg.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thank you, David, and thank you to everyone for joining us this morning. It's a pleasure to speak with all of you today. My first earnings call as CEO of Littelfuse. For those of you who are new to Littelfuse, I joined our board two years ago and previously spent 10 years at Analog Devices, where I had the responsibility for the automotive and energy communications and aerospace businesses. Since taking on my current role in February, I've been getting to know our global teams on a deeper level. I've also spent time connecting with and listening to many of our customers, suppliers, and partners. I joined Littelfuse excited about our capabilities, and three months into the role, I am deeply energized by the opportunity ahead.
With that, I wanted to start by sharing three key observations. One, we are leaders in developing smart solutions that enable safe and efficient electrical energy transfer. Our customers deeply value our capabilities, and our market leadership is a significant asset. Because of this, we have built great brand equity across our products, offering broad multi-technology capabilities for our customers. As our end markets are moving to higher power and higher energy density, our customers are facing increasingly complex safety and efficiency challenges. As a result of this trend, our trusted and essential technologies are more frequently part of our customers' architectures.
Let me provide you two examples of the role we play in our customer solutions. First, in the rapidly growing grid storage market, we are a key supplier from the rack and container levels to the power conversion systems sent through the grid. With increasing power demands and the simultaneous push to lower operating costs, grid storage systems require an increasingly sophisticated and thoughtful circuit protection strategy. We are a leader in high-speed fuses that are essential to enabling hardware to trade. We're also a key provider of arc flash and ground fault protection within the cabinet and power conversion systems that reduce the risk of catastrophic failure. Finally, our sensor and switch technologies are essential to temperature sensing and the safeguarding of short circuits.
A second example is our key role in data center advancements, where we are benefiting from our leading position as a passive electronics and protection supplier with high-value and power semiconductor and switching capabilities. Our hyperscaler and infrastructure customers are evolving to higher power and current density solutions, and we are helping them develop safer and more efficient systems. We are innovating with our customers for multiple data center applications, including on the rack and power supply, as well as at the power distribution level and for data center cooling. Across these applications, we leverage our leading fuse, switching, sensing, and power semiconductor capabilities to provide integrated solutions. Importantly, in the quarter, we delivered key data center design wins for circuit protection and power distribution solutions and for megawatt-capable power semiconductor devices for use in grid transfer switches.
Now, my second key observation is that we have a highly talented and motivated team and a well-positioned and flexible global operating model, both of which are essential to winning with customers. From my conversations, I have found our teams have a passion to win and are invested in our technologies, our company, and our customers. Our teams are often embedded with our customers, partnering on the design of next-generation solutions. We also have strong manufacturing and operating capabilities across our global footprint. We are often located in region with our customers and our supply chains, and we are well-positioned to execute through a complex and evolving tariff and economic environment. Our global teams and operating models are competitive advantages, providing us the opportunity to strengthen our long-term positioning with customers. Finally, my third observation: our strong profitability and cash generation provide a solid foundation for long-term success.
We have a history of resilient and strong profitability, which reflects the unique value proposition of our trusted and essential products. We also benefit from the diverse nature of our end market exposure. Importantly, we are a strong cash generator, while our balance sheet provides us significant flexibility. Our financial strength positions us to continue capitalizing on leading organic and inorganic growth opportunities. Going forward with our customers requiring higher power and energy density solutions, we can further leverage our expanding content opportunities to drive long-term profitability enhancements. Now, I wanted to spend a few minutes highlighting our Q1 results and provide some insights into what we are seeing into Q2 amid an uncertain environment. First, I am proud of our global teams, who worked hard to deliver strong results that exceeded our expectations.
In the quarter, we delivered solid sequential growth in our passive electronics and protection business, while our industrial segment continues to drive strong results. In our transportation segment, our teams worked hard to deliver solid margin expansion despite soft end market conditions. In the quarter, we observed improved book-to-bill across all our businesses, with total Littelfuse book-to-bill tracking above one, reflecting our technology capabilities and our customer position. Our teams executed well through Q1, and we entered Q2 with momentum and a strong backlog. Given growing trade and market uncertainty, we are working closely with our customers and partners to monitor potential demand risk in the second half. We have a history of navigating through challenging and fluid backdrops, such as the supply chain shortages that emerged following COVID.
We have a flexible operating model, and we have invested to align our footprint closer to our customers and their supply chains. We have built a strong tariff playbook that will help us navigate an uncertain environment. Taking a step back, while we're focused on executing through the current environment, I'm excited about our long-term opportunity. I am also confident that we are positioning ourselves to deliver best-in-class shareholder value. Before turning the call over to Meenal to provide additional color on our financial performance and outlook, I wanted to address our recent CFO transition plan announcement. On behalf of everyone at Littelfuse, we want to thank Meenal for her many contributions over her 10 years of leadership at the company.
Meenal has been a key driver of Littelfuse's growth and profitability expansion, and thanks to her guidance, we enter our next phase of growth with the financial strength and flexibility to capitalize on our numerous opportunities. I look forward to partnering with Meenal through the transition phase as our search process for our next CFO is underway. With that, I will hand the call over to Meenal.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Thank you, Greg. I appreciate your kind words. Good morning, everyone, and thanks for joining us today. Please turn to slide six to start with details on our Q1 results. Revenue in the quarter was $554 million, up 4% versus last year in total, and up 3% organically, exceeding the high end of our guidance range. Sales to Elmos Semiconductor, as part of our Dortmund capacity sharing agreement, contributed 2% to sales growth, while forward exchange was a 1% headwind. GAAP operating margins were 12.7%. Adjusted operating margins finished at 14.2%, and adjusted EBITDA margins were 20.1%. Adjusted operating margins expanded 320 basis points versus the prior year period, reflecting both strong operational performance and conversion on sales growth. Q1 GAAP diluted earnings was $1.75, and adjusted diluted earnings was $2.19, up 24% versus the prior year period, and exceeding the high end of our guidance range.
Our Q1 GAAP effective tax rate was 27%, and adjusted effective tax rate was 26%, in line with our expectations. Please turn to slide seven for updates on capital allocation. We delivered strong cash generation in Q1, and our balance sheet positions us well amid a dynamic environment. Operating cash flow was $66 million in the quarter, and we generated $43 million in free cash flow, driving free cash conversion of 98%. We ended the quarter with $619 million of cash on hand and net debt-to-EBITDA leverage of 1.3x. Our balance sheet and history of strong cash generation provide significant flexibility, positioning us well to effectively navigate through economic uncertainty. This was the case during COVID and subsequent supply chain disruptions, and we're confident we remain well situated in the current dynamic environment.
In Q1, we returned $45 million to shareholders, $17 million via our cash dividend, and $27 million via share repurchases. We will continue to prioritize our free cash flow for strategic acquisitions and will continue to return capital to our shareholders through our dividend and share buyback. Please turn to slide eight for our product segment highlights, starting with the electronics product segment. Sales for this segment were up 6% versus last year and up 3% organically. Sales from the Dortmund capacity sharing agreement contributed 4% to growth. Sales across passive products were up 13% organically, while semiconductor products declined 5% in the quarter. Our strong passive product sales growth in the quarter reflects pockets of end demand recovery and improved orders from channel partners. Within our semiconductor products exposure, we observed continued softness across power semiconductors that more than offset improved demand for our protection products.
Operating margins in the quarter were 15.2%, up 220 basis points versus the prior year period, while adjusted EBITDA margins finished at 22.1%. Our teams executed well in the quarter as we delivered strong volume conversion on both our passive and protection products. Moving to our transportation product segment on slide nine, segment organic sales declined 4% for the quarter. In the passenger car business, sales declined 6% organically. Passenger car sales were negatively impacted by global car bill declines and associated regional mix, with particular softness in Europe and North America, as well as planned auto sensor pruning action. We offset these declines in part with growth in China. Commercial vehicle sales for the quarter were down 2% organically and were negatively impacted by continued end market softness.
For the segment, operating margins were 11.7% for the quarter, up 220 basis points versus the prior year period, while adjusted EBITDA margins finished at 17.1%. In the quarter, our focus on profitability initiatives again drove solid margin expansion despite soft demand conditions. We are continuing to drive initiatives, including leveraging best practices throughout the company as we continue our margin expansion progress. On slide 10, industrial product segment sales grew 16% organically for the quarter. Q1 sales benefited from strong renewables, data center, and HVAC growth, as well as favorable pricing. Segment operating margins finished at 15.3% in the quarter, expanding 880 basis points versus prior year levels. Adjusted EBITDA margins were 18.5% in the quarter. We again delivered solid margin performance driven by execution and strong conversion on volume growth. Please move to slide 12 for the forecast.
During Q1, book-to-bills improved across all of our businesses, and we entered Q2 with a strong backlog. We continue to work closely with our customers and partners to monitor ongoing trade dynamics and potential second-half demand shifts. We have a strong tariff mitigation playbook that we've been deploying over the past several weeks. We continue to work closely with our customers on various solutions to mitigate tariff impacts by flexing our global footprint, evaluating sourcing and logistics options, and implementing pricing actions as necessary. Based on our actions and current policies enacted, we do not expect tariffs to have a material impact to our Q2 earnings. With that in mind, our Q2 guidance incorporates current market conditions, trade policies, and forward exchange rates as of today. We expect Q2 sales in the range of $565 to 595 million.
We're projecting Q2 EPS to be in the range of $2.10 to 2.40, which assumes a tax rate of between 23% and 25%. At current FX and commodity rates, we are expecting a $0.15 benefit to EPS versus the prior year. Our Q2 has historically included higher stock compensation expense due to certain retirement provisions. With some changes in our program, the impact will now be spread evenly across the second and Q3. In Q2, these provisions have an unfavorable $0.10 EPS impact sequentially to Q1 and negative 50 basis point effect on margins. Moving to slide 13, let me add some additional details on our full year 2025. We continue to expect about a 2% total sales growth stemming from our Dortmund multi-year capacity sharing arrangement. We also continue to expect a neutral impact to EPS.
As a reminder, we acquired the Dortmund fab from Elmos Semiconductor in late December. At current rates, we expect forward exchange and commodities will represent a 1% tailwind to sales and a $0.40 benefit to earnings per share. On other modeling items, we are assuming $58 million in amortization expense and $35 million in interest expense, about two-thirds of which we expect to offset through interest income from our cash investment strategy. We're estimating a full year tax rate of between 23% and 25%. We also expect to invest $90 to 95 million in capital expenditures. I want to reinforce that we've navigated complex landscapes over the past several years. We're benefiting from the work we've done over the years to diversify our end market, broaden our customer mix, and align our supply chain closer to our customers.
We are well prepared to navigate through uncertain times with our experienced teams and a strong balance sheet. In closing, it's been an honor to serve as CFO of Littelfuse over these last 10 years. I would like to thank our talented global teams for their passion and achievements we've driven together. I look forward to working with Greg and the leadership team over the next several months to ensure a smooth transition. I'll turn it back to Greg.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thanks, Meenal. Our team is working hard with a goal to further leverage our strengths and sharpen our strategic playbook. We are focused on executing through a dynamic environment, but we're not losing sight of our strategic priorities. Before opening the call up for questions, I want to briefly preview our go forward strategic priorities. One, we will enhance our focus to better capitalize on future growth opportunities. We will develop a more structured approach to evaluating the secular opportunities across our evolving end markets. We will also better leverage our strong global teams and their insights into the meaningful technology evolutions that are in front of us. Strategic acquisitions will remain an important pillar of our growth strategy, and we will further align our growth goals with opportunities that enhance our long-term technology positioning. Two, we will provide more complete solutions for a broader set of our customers.
While we are doing this in areas today, a couple of which I highlighted earlier, we can further leverage our diverse capabilities across more of our customers. To accomplish this, we are taking a more collaborative approach across our businesses. We are viewed as market leaders, but we can further harness our unique product portfolio positioning to help more of our customers solve complex challenges around safe and efficient power transfer. Three, we see an opportunity to continue driving operational excellence and enhance long-term profitability as we grow. While we have a history of resilient profitability through cycles, we can better leverage areas of best-in-class practices and apply those across our businesses.
We will further optimize our operating structure to support our long-term growth priorities and enhance performance. We will look forward to sharing more about our strategic focuses in coming quarters. In closing, I want to again thank our global teams for their hard work and unwavering commitment to Littelfuse and our customers. Operator, we are ready to begin the Q&A.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. The floor is now open for questions. If you have dialed in and would like to ask a question, please press star, followed by the number one on your telephone keypad to raise your hand and join the queue. If you would like to withdraw your question, simply press star and the number one again. Your first question comes from the line of Luke Junk with Baird. Your line is now open.
Luke Junk (Senior Research Analyst covering the Vehicle Technology & Mobility industry)
Good morning, and thanks for taking our question. Greg, great to talk to you on your first call here. Hoping we could start with the topic of the day in terms of tariffs and specifically if we can unpack the assumption that's embedded into guidance for Q2. Hoping specifically to parse out some of the geographic impacts in terms of the price recovery that you're anticipating, and then also maybe some of the more durable ways that you're avoiding or working around tariff impacts altogether relative to the tariff playbook that you mentioned as well. Thank you.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah, thank you, Luke. Good morning. Maybe I'll start by just saying Littelfuse over the last years has been focusing on building a flexible and asset-light operating model. We've had a strategy of moving our manufacturing and our supply chains closer to our customers, and we continue to do that. We have been diversifying our footprint and doing more local-for-local manufacturing, and that's been a trend that we've been on that we will continue. In addition, I would say we've been working with our customers to mitigate tariffs as much as possible, managing ship-to locations, managing where we supply things from. This is a trend that we will continue with. We expect to continue this trend of diversification and adding resiliency to our supply chain. Maybe with that, I hand over to Meenal, and she can give a little bit more detailed context on the details of how it's affecting our business and our outlook.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Sure. Thanks, Greg. Hey, Luke. Maybe just to add on to what Greg was talking about, our first focus is really working closely with our customers. Greg talked about anything we can do around sourcing and product changes, anything we can do around logistics shifts that we're making. Over time, we've also been focused on adjustments in the manufacturing footprint because that all helps. We also have a team across the company, multiple functions, multiple businesses that are meeting regularly, as you can imagine, really to review the latest and taking actions based on tariff announcements, customer requests, things like that. In general, with all the work that we've done, we don't expect tariffs to have a material impact to earnings in Q2.
We've got all that work that we've done, and when necessary, we're leveraging pricing, so we don't anticipate an effect to earnings there. I think the last thing I'll just leave you with, I know there have been some questions about how do our sales shake out in the US and a little bit on where are our sales coming from. Referring back to last year's information, about $800 million of our sales are in the United States. There are really two big countries where we're sourcing the product from. 15% of our sales are coming out of China. The biggest impact for us is really across our electronics segment. We're working through all the mitigation actions that I mentioned first, and we're leveraging pricing where necessary to offset the tariff costs. Another 60% of our products are sourced from Mexico.
That's really part of our regional alignment with our customers. For us, over 90% of the product coming out of Mexico is covered either under USMCA or some other mechanisms, etc. We really have minimal tariffs coming through and, again, leveraging pricing if necessary there.
Luke Junk (Senior Research Analyst covering the Vehicle Technology & Mobility industry)
Got it. I appreciate all that detail. Maybe looking near-term in terms of what happened in Q1, Greg or Meenal, question could be for both of you, but just hoping to bridge the operating margins sequentially in electronics specifically. If we look on an underlying basis, excluding the Dortmund facility incrementals, very strong sequentially. Just how should we think about that in terms of maybe there was something in the forward-to-account, any outsized strength in Q1, or cost actions that may be more permanent above and beyond just the benefit of volume leverage? Thank you.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Sure. Thanks, Luke. Yeah, in general, when we look at the sequential versus Q4 for electronics, I wouldn't say there was anything out of the ordinary coming through there. We've always talked about the fact that for the electronics segment, that return to growth is really important for us. We get very, very strong operating leverage when we do have a return to growth. You saw, as you saw in the prepared remarks, both in our passive electronics business as well as the protection side of our semiconductor business, we saw some nice sequential growth Q4 into Q1. Really, I'd say that's the biggest driver.
In terms of other areas around whether it's manufacturing, supply chain, we've been doing well around managing all of this, the tariff noise that's going on. We have, in general, across the company, been looking at cost structures, and we had done some work around taking out costs as well. I would say the big part is really that seeing that nice sequential growth.
Luke Junk (Senior Research Analyst covering the Vehicle Technology & Mobility industry)
Got it. Last question for me, maybe slightly bigger picture, Greg, but maybe on the data center piece and some of the incremental opportunities, especially tied to AI-related awards. Maybe if you could just update us on some idea of just materiality in terms of data center exposure across the business. You mentioned it in, I think Meenal mentioned in industrial, but I suspect there's some meaningful exposure within electronics as well. In terms of the AI-related engagements right now, just materiality and who you're working with, should we assume you're working with some of the bigger hyperscalers and whatnot? Thank you.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah, thank you, Luke. I think one of the key focuses I've had, as I mentioned, was over the last months was to get out and visit customers and try to understand kind of how they see us and how we're positioned. This data center is one that I've learned we have a really strong position with our customers. I think the trend I talked about, the big picture trend that I talked about where architectures are moving to higher voltage and higher current is happening in the data center space. I think the challenge is when you go to these higher voltage, higher current architectures, the protection becomes a much bigger deal. It's a much more challenging problem to protect the equipment, to protect people.
If you go above 48-volt architectures in the data center, for example, you can have arcs, and now you have worries of fire. I think one of the interesting things that's happening in data centers is that we've been participating in this electrification trend, and we're participating in this trend to go to higher voltage and higher current. The first place we really did was in the automotive market, which all went to 400 and 800-volt architectures. Now we're working with the leaders in the data center space that are looking at taking these automotive architectures into the data center. That is a significant change, and it provides a big content opportunity for us. That is in the core safety and protection, but we also participate in other parts of the business. You mentioned HVAC, for example.
In our industrial business, HVAC business has been strong, and actually a big driver for that has been in data center. It is an important part of our business. It is growing. We will continue to focus on it more. As these mega trends go, it is going to even play more towards our strengths.
Luke Junk (Senior Research Analyst covering the Vehicle Technology & Mobility industry)
Got it. Appreciate all the color. I'll leave it there for now. Thank you.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thanks for your questions, Luke.
Operator (participant)
Your next question comes from the line of Christopher Glynn with Oppenheimer. Your line is now open.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Thanks. Good morning, everyone. Meenal, it's been great working with you. We'll talk to you next week at our conference, and Greg, look forward to working with you. Just a quick one on the tariff issue. Is pricing, are you taking a list price approach or a surcharge approach?
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
It varies, actually. We're doing both depending on the customers, what we typically do, but the answer is it depends on the customers.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Okay. On the power semis, are you seeing any rays of light, or is it pretty static, or is it actually weakening a bit more and masked by protection recovery?
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah, thanks, Chris. Maybe I'll just take kind of an answer on the power semiconductor business. One of the things that, again, I was very focused on as I've come here is trying to better understand the value proposition in our semiconductor business, what our position is, our value proposition, and where we play. I've been out meeting with our customers, and I think one of the things that I have learned that I think is really important when we talk about this Littelfuse capability on safe and efficient energy transfer, our semiconductor business fits right there. Actually, for semiconductors especially, as you go to higher voltage, higher current, Littelfuse is more differentiated. For very important applications which are doing high energy transfer, we have a good position.
For example, in our medical business, we are the market leader in the power stages that transfer energy into defibrillator. This is transferring the energy from the storage to your heart, basically, and whether that could be the defibrillator that's in your college gym or the defibrillator that's in the operating room, we're the market leader in that. Our customers value us there because this is a very high energy density application that needs to be done in a very safe and precise way. I would say our power semiconductor business has an important place in the market, and the trends moving to higher voltage and higher current are important. That said, I think we look at our market position, and I think there's areas of opportunity for us both on strategy and execution, and we're focused on that from our overall strategy process. We will be talking more over coming months about how we see the semiconductor and where we're going to drive growth and opportunity in that business.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Okay. And in terms of the thank you for that. In terms of the macro backdrop you're seeing right now, would you describe it as static or?
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Are you asking the macro specific to semiconductors?
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Yeah. Yeah, the power semiconductors.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Look, I think that in our power semiconductor business is like our other businesses. Actually, there are pockets that are doing well. For example, we talked about in the script, we talked about doing these power transfer switches for data centers. There are pockets that are doing well like data center. There are some other pockets like industrial automation that have been a little softer. I would say that is the outside of the current macro larger question about the overall macro outlook, that is what we have been seeing in semiconductors.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Okay. Great. On the capital allocation, curious how your acquisition pipeline is looking now. In the current environment, does that give you personally any pause on making capital allocation decisions for deals?
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. I think Chris, thanks. I think first, just starting, right, we have a very strong balance sheet, which gives us a lot of flexibility. That's really a good thing, and that's a strength that we have as a company. We have a strong balance sheet. We continue to evaluate opportunities all the time. As I mentioned in the script, I think one of the key focuses we have is to work on our strategy. We are trying to sharpen our strategic focus on why Littelfuse, where we play, and have a very market-driven strategy, working with our customers, understanding the market, understanding where the mega trends are going and where we want to go. Our focus right now is on building that strategy.
As we develop that strategy and really focus on where we want to go, where we want to invest, and how we want to drive growth, that will have both organic and inorganic elements. We anticipate that M&A is going to continue to be an important part of the strategy. You will hear more about that as we roll the strategy over the coming months as well.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
That's great, color. Thank you. Last one for me, Meenal. Just wanted to ask about transportation margins, sustainability here in the low doubles. It's been a little bit lumpy. Q4 was a little lighter, and then boom, we're back up in Q1. I think a good chunk of the $0.40 FX and commodities tailwind for this year does reside in transportation. That may come to bear on your answer.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Yeah. I'm just stepping back, right? We're really pleased with the progressive improvements we've made despite some of the challenges from a growth perspective with some of the markets. We've made really good strides in profitability, a lot of work done there. We talked about over the past several calls, the biggest focus areas have been pricing, focus a lot on pricing, a lot of footprint or rooftop reduction that we were focused on, especially in the CV part of the business, and even just some of the benefits that we're seeing from the pruning and other cost reduction activity that we've had. I think going forward, that remains the focus for us for 2025 is the continued margin expansion.
I think some of that, one, we think as we look further out, sales growth opportunities and what we can do to better leverage our combined on the CV side, our legacy portfolio and the Carling portfolio across customers, the additional content growth on EV, I'd say that's one. Just a number of the operational, I'll call it operational excellence opportunities. We've done some work there, but one of the things that we're focused on even more now is we see best practices across the company. How do we leverage those best practices that we see, say, in a couple of factories in Asia and think about them in North America or something in Europe that we do there? We are spending more time on that, and we think there's another round of improvements that are coming through there as well.
Those are some of the biggest areas we're looking at. Yes, there are some benefits from FX, but I would say the counter to that right now is also commodity prices are spiking up a bit. It is a balance that we continue to monitor there.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Great. Thank you.
Operator (participant)
Your next question comes from the line of David Williams with Benchmark. Your line is now open.
David Williams (Equity Research Analyst)
Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Greg, great to hear from you here on your first call. Certainly, Meenal, we'll miss hearing from you each quarter, but thanks again for the time.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Thank you.
David Williams (Equity Research Analyst)
I guess, Greg, maybe first from your visits that you've had over the last month or so, just curious if you have any color on what you're hearing from your customers in terms of their thoughts on the tariffs and their demand outlook and maybe how they're positioned and just how they're seeing the environment, maybe.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Thank you, David. Yeah. I think obviously, it's a very dynamic time, right? One of our key focuses is to try to have as much conversations with our customers as we can. Just a little bit of context to kind of our business and our customers, just a little bit of context. We had a very strong book-to-bill in Q1. Across all of our businesses, we had positive book-to-bill in Q1, and we entered Q2 with very strong backlog. That said, talking to our customers, there's a lot of, I would call it, anxiety, especially as it relates to the second half demand risk. Some sub-markets like automotive and personal electronics probably maybe have a little more anxiety than others. That said, I think we're confident in our Q2 Guide.
We continue to talk to our customers. Meenal mentioned there's a lot of things we can do to mitigate the impacts, and we're focused on those. The bigger question goes to kind of second half macro issues that we're all facing together, and our focus is just managing, stay close to our customers, understand what they need, and focusing on what we control, which is our execution and being flexible and resilient in the time.
David Williams (Equity Research Analyst)
Great. Great, color, there. Thank you. Maybe just on the complete solution side that you'd mentioned in the script there, we know that that's a big value add. As you kind of think about the opportunity there, is this something you think you can really deploy across the business, or are there specific areas maybe that you're looking towards maybe first on those complete solutions? What do you think that benefit could be once you get that strategy really in place?
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Thanks. I think, again, based on my observations and meeting with our teams and our customers, I mean, I've been really energized that one of the things I wanted to understand as I came in off the board was really understand how our customers see us and the value proposition we provide. The exciting thing for me is that I've learned that our customers see us as more critical to their solution than I expected and that we're really a partner in the next generation architectures, and that's really powerful. I gave a couple of examples of that in the script in terms of the grid storage and the data center. We have areas where we're really doing that well. We're very partnered with our customers.
Actually, in those cases where we're doing it best, we're able to also bring a breadth of technologies from across our company to those customers. I would say I see that there's opportunity to scale that. I gave two examples in the data center and in the grid storage, but I think we have opportunity to scale that broader and do a better job of bringing our breadth of our capability more deeply and closer to our customers. As we mentioned, I think our business units are going to work to operate a little bit more collaboratively across to make sure we do that. That's something that we're focused on strategically. We see the opportunity in my leadership and I team, and I see that opportunity. This is something that we will be talking about more over the coming months as we roll out our strategy.
David Williams (Equity Research Analyst)
Thanks. Again, just one quick last one if I may. On the passives, are you seeing any constraints there or lead times expanding? Just curious how the passives business is positioned in terms of inventory and the demand trends there. Thanks.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Maybe I'll start, and then Meenal can kind of give a little bit more color. Like I said, we had very strong Q1. We had very strong book-to-bill. We entered across all the segments, including the electronic segments and the passive business. We entered Q2 with strong backlog. I think from that perspective, we feel good about that. You have some other color.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
I'll add on, as we look ahead to Q2, we put up a really good Q2 guide. We feel very confident in achieving that. A good part of that will be the continuation on electronics return to growth.
David Williams (Equity Research Analyst)
Thank you.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thanks for your questions, David.
Operator (participant)
Thank you again. If you would like to ask a question, please press star, followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. The next question comes from the line of David Silver with CL King. Your line is now open.
David Silver (Senior Managing Director)
Yeah. Hi. Thank you. Greg, I noted in your comments early on, you did mention you were speaking to customers. At the end of your comments, you talked about collaboration. This question kind of touches on that, but this is more of a, I guess, a longer-term question. Your business wins come from maybe a multi-year or a longer-term collaboration with key customers. I'm just wondering, in the current environment, beyond the immediate or tactical issues with tariffs, there is, in my opinion, an extra layer of uncertainty now. I'm just wondering, with your longer-term projects where you're collaborating most intensely with key customers, has there been any change in your customers' attitudes? In other words, are they pausing certain programs? Are they rethinking them at all in the current tariff and maybe trade policy environment?
Might they be mirroring, I think, what you said, which is expanding their footprint and kind of developing resilience in who they source or their supply chains? From a collaborative R&D and product development perspective, has there been any change that you're hearing about from your customers?
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Yeah. Thanks, David. Yeah. I think when we talk to our customers about the kind of, I'd call it, current environment and tariffs and the kind of macro uncertainty, I think their focus is a lot with us on kind of what I would call short-term management of that. How do we navigate the tariff environment? That is a lot more short-term. If we talk about the longer-term strategic investments and R&D priorities, we really have not seen significant changes to that. We are not seeing significant changes to that. I think the mega trends that we talk about as growth drivers on electrification and on markets transitioning to higher voltage, higher power, higher current are continuing. We are continuing to focus on that architecting with our customers. I think it helps as well that we are a global company with a global footprint.
We can do those developments and support those customers globally. That really helps. I guess, finally, in this kind of thing, what I've seen in the past as well is that in these difficult times, how you execute the difficult times is often based on your strategy, your investment. Right now, we see our customers continuing to focus on their strategic goals, their long-term growth drivers. We have not really seen any significant changes in that.
David Silver (Senior Managing Director)
Okay. Thank you. I do have a question about your repurchase activity, share repurchase activity this quarter. At $27 million, Meenal, I think that is the largest one-quarter buyback spend in several years. I'm just wondering how you might characterize that. In other words, I know it's always an option, but would you say Q1 level of activity is a reflection of, I don't know, offsetting share dilution or something like that? Sorry, offsetting the dilutive impact of share issuance. Is it more opportunistic from the perspective of the level of your share price? Just characterizing Q1 share buyback activity and what we might take away from that given your meaningful cash balance. Thank you.
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Sure. Thanks, David. Why don't I take a step back and just talk a little bit more about capital allocation. Greg answered the question on a lot of questions on, are we continuing on M&A? What you heard Greg talk about, first of all, was our priority is growth, right? We are continuing to invest for organic growth. We're going to continue looking at M&A. We're going to sharpen our funnel on M&A as we work through the strategy over the next few months. That's pretty consistent with how we've talked about capital allocation for years now. We look at return of capital to shareholders through our dividend as the next priority that we go through. We expect to continue that. We've got our dividend update coming up in Q2, so you'll hear more from us on that.
Lastly, is your question around share buyback. That's always been for us periodic. It's always been, I'll call it, the third part of our capital allocation strategy. I would say in addition to Q1, we did also buy back some shares in Q4. In general, our philosophy has always been periodic. It varies on, are there other things that we're doing with our cash? What does the market look like right now? Have we bought back largely for dilution? We did buy back a pretty good chunk in the past six months. That's something we're continuing to evaluate. No change at this time in the capital allocation strategy.
David Silver (Senior Managing Director)
Okay. Thank you very much.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thanks for your questions, David.
Operator (participant)
There is a follow-up question from the line of Christopher Glynn with Oppenheimer. Your line is now open.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Hey. Thanks for having me back. Just wanted to follow up on the topic of book-to-bill. You emphasized a couple of times very strong positive for all three segments. Curious if April showed continuity there or any falloff. If it did not show falloff, why do you think that is in light of the obvious kind of gating items that might face your customer base, at least in some areas?
Meenal Sethna (EVP and CFO)
Maybe I'll just take a step back. I know we've had a lot of comments on book-to-bill Q1, going into Q2, and then we also added in some comments about we're keeping an eye out on the second half. We feel good about our momentum from Q1. Good book-to-bill, really good momentum going into Q2. I think I said this already, but strong confidence in our ability to deliver on our Q2. We've even put in a little moderation in there just for some of the unknowns that are out there, which is another reason we feel really good. When we look ahead, Greg even mentioned that we're working closely with our customers. There's a little bit of noise going on everywhere. You read all the same headlines that we're reading.
We are keeping an eye out on things, both ourselves, but then talking to customers every day. Areas like automotive are a little bit of unknown. They are out there on a daily basis on the personal electronics side, etc. Our focus is going to be we are going to continue monitoring. We are going to work closely with our customers. We are going to focus on what we can control. You asked me earlier about our margin expansion and how things are going in transportation. We are focused on margin expansion across all of our segments. Those are the things that we can focus on. We can control. We can adjust costs as necessary. We will pivot as necessary on that.
Christopher Glynn (Equity Analyst)
Thanks, Meenal.
Greg Henderson (President and CEO)
Thanks for the follow-up, Chris.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. At this time, there are no further questions. Mr. Kelley, I turn the call back over to you.
David Kelley (Head of Investor Relations)
Thanks, everyone. That does conclude our Q&A session today. For reference, we will be attending the Oppenheimer Industrial Growth Conference on 5th May, as well as Baird's Global Consumer Technology and Services Conference on 3rd June. We look forward to seeing many of you at those events. Have a great day, everyone.
Operator (participant)
This conference is called. You may now disconnect.