The PNC Financial Services Group - Q3 2023
October 13, 2023
Transcript
Bryan Gill (EVP, Director of Investor Relations)
Good morning, and welcome to today's conference call for The PNC Financial Services Group. I am Bryan Gill, the Director of Investor Relations for PNC, and participating on this call are PNC's Chairman, President, and CEO, Bill Demchak, and Rob Reilly, Executive Vice President and CFO. Today's presentation contains forward-looking information. Cautionary statements about this information, as well as reconciliations of non-GAAP measures, are included in today's earnings release materials, as well as our SEC filings and other investor materials.
These are all available on our corporate website, pnc.com, under Investor Relations. These statements speak only as of October thirteenth, 2023, and PNC undertakes no obligation to update them. Now I'd like to turn the call over to Bill.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Thank you, Bryan, and good morning, everyone. As you can see on the slide, we delivered strong results in the third quarter, generating $1.6 billion in net income, or $3.60 in diluted earnings per share. Rob's going to take you through the numbers in a moment, but I'd like to touch on a few highlights. First, in a challenging operating environment, we generated 3 points of positive operating leverage through disciplined expense management.
Our credit quality remained strong during the quarter, reflecting our thoughtful approach to managing risk, customer selection, and long-term relationship development, all of which have historically served us well in challenging economic cycles. Next, we strengthened our capital and liquidity positions even further during the quarter.
While we continue to monitor discussions regarding regulatory changes in these areas, based on our current estimates, we are well positioned to meet the proposed requirements without meaningful changes to how we operate. We continue to execute on our key strategic priorities, including our expansion market efforts and upgrading our digital capabilities.
We leveraged our strong balance sheet to take advantage of opportunities, such as the Signature Bank loans that we recently acquired. Finally, we are focused on expense management, particularly in the current environment, and have taken actions to maintain disciplined expense control. We increased our continuous improvement goal last quarter from $400 million to $450 million, and we are on track to achieve that goal in 2023. Looking ahead, we expect to have CIP savings within a similar range for 2024.
As a reminder, we use savings from this program to fund investments in key growth markets and technology. In addition, earlier this month, we began executing on staff reductions, which will reduce our 2024 expenses by $325 million and will fall to the bottom line.
All told, we are implementing more than $725 million of expense management actions that will have impact on 2024. While decisions involving personnel are never easy, we believe they will help us more effectively and efficiently deliver for our customers and our stakeholders, and we'll continue to be diligent in our expense management going forward. With that, I'll turn it over to Rob.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Thanks, Bill, and good morning, everyone. Our balance sheet is on slide 3 and is presented on an average basis and comparing to the second quarter. Loans were down 2% and averaged $320 billion. Investment securities declined $1 billion, or 1%. Cash balances at the Federal Reserve increased $7 billion to $38 billion.
Deposits of $423 billion declined $3 billion, or 1%. Borrowed funds increased $2 billion, primarily due to senior debt issuances near the end of the second quarter. At quarter end, AOCI was a negative $10.3 billion, compared to a negative $9.5 billion at June thirtieth, reflecting higher interest rates. However, tangible book value increased to $78.16 per common share, as retained earnings growth exceeded the negative impact of AOCI.
Common dividends in the quarter totaled approximately $600 million, and we remain well capitalized with an estimated CET1 ratio of 9.8% as of September 30, 2023, which increased 30 basis points linked quarter. Slide 4 shows our loans in more detail.
Third quarter loans averaged $320 billion and increased $6.5 billion, or 2%, compared to the same period a year ago, reflecting growth in both commercial and consumer loans. Compared to the second quarter, average loan balances declined 2%, as growth in consumer was more than offset by a decline in commercial. Consumer loans grew approximately $500 million, reflecting higher residential mortgage and credit card balances.
Commercial loans averaged $218 billion, a decline of $5.5 billion, driven by lower utilization, as well as paydowns outpacing new production. Loan yields increased 18 basis points to 5.75% in the third quarter, predominantly driven by the higher rate environment.
Slide five covers our deposits in more detail. Average deposits decreased $3 billion, or 1%, due to a decline in consumer deposits that was somewhat offset by a growth in commercial deposits. In regard to mix, consolidated non-interest bearing deposits were 26% in the third quarter, down slightly from 27% from the second quarter and consistent with our expectations. We still expect the non-interest bearing portion of our deposits to stabilize in the mid-20% range.
Commercial non-interest bearing deposits represented 42% of total commercial deposits in the third quarter, compared to 45% in the second quarter. Our consumer deposit non-interest bearing mix remains stable at 10%. Our rate paid on interest-bearing deposits increased to 2.26% during the third quarter, up from 1.96% in the prior quarter.
As of September 30, our cumulative deposit beta was 41%, which was slightly better than our July expectation.... Slide 6 details our investment security and swap portfolios. Average investment securities of $140 billion decreased $1 billion or 1%, as curtailed purchase activity was more than offset by portfolio pay downs and maturities. The securities portfolio yield increased 5 basis points to 2.57%, reflecting new purchase yields of 5.5% and the runoff of lower yielding securities.
As of September 30th, the duration of investment securities portfolio was 4.2 years. Our received fixed swaps pointed to the commercial loan book totaled $35 billion on September 30th. The weighted average received fixed rate of our swap portfolio increased 34 basis points to 2.07%, and the duration of the portfolio was 2.4 years as of September 30th.
Accumulated other comprehensive loss increased by approximately $800 million in the third quarter, as a negative impact of higher rates, more than offset pay downs and maturities during the quarter. Importantly, as lower rate securities and swaps roll off, we expect our securities yield to continue to increase, resulting in a meaningful improvement to tangible book value from AOCI accretion. Turning to the income statement on slide 7.
For the first nine months of 2023, revenue grew 5% compared to the same period a year ago, reflecting higher interest rates and business growth. Non-interest expense grew 2% and was well controlled, despite a higher FDIC assessment rate and inflationary pressures. As a result, we generated 3% positive operating leverage, and PPNR grew 9%.
For the third quarter, net income was $1.6 billion or $3.60 per share. Total revenue of $5.2 billion decreased $60 million or 1% compared to the second quarter of 2023. Net interest income declined $92 million or 3%, and our net interest margin was 2.71%, a decline of eight basis points. Non-interest income increased $32 million or 2%, as higher fee income was partially offset by lower other non-interest income.
Third quarter expenses decreased $127 million or 4% linked quarter. Provision was $129 million in the third quarter, and our effective tax rate was 15.5%, which included a favorable impact of certain tax matters in the third quarter. For the full year, we now expect our tax rate to be approximately 16.5%. Turning to Slide 8, we highlight our revenue trends.
Third quarter revenue was down $60 million or 1% compared with the second quarter. Net interest income of $3.4 billion decreased $92 million or 3%. As higher yields on interest earning assets were more than offset by increased funding costs. The income was $1.7 billion and increased $67 million or 4% linked quarter.
The primary driver of the increase in fee income was residential and commercial mortgage revenue, which was up $103 million, the majority of which were $97 million, was related to an increase in the valuation of net mortgage servicing rights. Partially offsetting this, capital markets and advisory revenue decreased $45 million or 21%, driven by lower trading revenue.
M&A advisory activity continued to remain softer in the third quarter despite robust pipelines. Going forward, we do expect this activity to increase in the fourth quarter, which is included in our guidance that I will cover in a few minutes. Other non-interest income of $94 million declined $35 million linked quarter, driven by lower private equity revenue and included negative Visa fair value adjustments totaling $51 million.
As a reminder, at September 30th, PNC owned 3.5 million Visa Class B shares, with an unrecognized gain of approximately $1.3 billion. Turning to slide 9. Our third quarter expenses were down $127 million or 4% linked quarter, which in part reflected our increased CIP program, and we generated 3% positive operating leverage on both a year-to-date and the linked quarter basis.
Importantly, every expense category remains stable or declined compared to the second quarter of 2023. Our credit metrics are presented on slide 10. While overall credit quality remains strong across our portfolio, the pressures we anticipated within the commercial real estate office sector have begun to materialize. Non-performing loans increased $210 million, or 11% linked quarter.
The increase was driven by multi-tenant office CRE, which increased $373 million, but was partially offset by a decline of $163 million in non-CRE NPLs. In regard to the CRE office portfolio, total criticized loans remained essentially flat quarter-over-quarter at 23%.
The difference this quarter is the migration of certain multi-tenant office loans to NPL status, which is an expected outcome as we work to resolve the occupancy and rate challenges inherent to this portfolio. Ultimately, we expect future losses on this portfolio, and we believe we have reserved against those potential losses accordingly. As of September thirtieth, our reserves on the office portfolio were 8.5% of total office loans, and inside of that, 12.5% on the multi-tenant portfolio.
Naturally, we'll continue to monitor and review our assumptions, especially in the higher rate environment, to ensure they reflect the real-time market conditions. A full update of the portfolio is included in the appendix slides. Total delinquencies of $1.3 billion increased $75 million, or 6% linked quarter, driven by higher consumer loan delinquencies. Net loan charge-offs of $121 million declined $73 million or 38% linked quarter.
Our annualized net charge-offs to average loans ratio was 15 basis points in the third quarter, and our allowance for credit losses totaled $5.4 billion, or 1.7% of total loans on September thirtieth, essentially stable with June thirtieth. Turning to slide 11. From a capital perspective, we're well-positioned with a CET1 ratio of 9.8% as of September thirtieth.
This slide illustrates the impact to our capital levels, assuming the Basel III Endgame proposed rules were effective as of September 30. The inclusion of AOCI reduces our ratio by approximately 100 basis points, and the impact of all other proposed Basel III Endgame components are estimated to have an additional negative 40-50 basis point impact to our CET1.
Taken together, the current Basel III Endgame proposal would increase our risk-weighted assets by approximately 3%-4%, and our estimated fully phased in expanded risk-based CET1 ratio would be approximately 7.4%, which is above our current requirement of 7%. In light of the fluidity of the capital proposals, our share repurchase activity remains on pause.
We'll continue to evaluate the potential impact of the proposed rules and may resume share repurchases activity, depending on market and economic conditions, as well as other factors. In regard to the long-term debt proposal, if the rule was effective at the end of the third quarter, our binding constraint would be the long-term debt to risk-weighted assets ratio at both the holding company and the bank level.
We estimate our current shortfall at the holding company and the bank to be approximately $1 billion and $8 billion, respectively. We expect to reach compliance at both the consolidated and bank level through our current funding plan, as well as the restructuring of existing intercompany debt. We acknowledge and want to emphasize the proposals are still in their comment period, and the final rules are subject to change.
That being said, we're well-positioned to comply with the proposals as drafted. Slide 12 provides more detail on the $16 billion portfolio of capital commitment facilities we acquired from Signature Bridge Bank earlier this month. PNC has been active in the capital commitment business for many years. We believe the acquisition will enhance our broader efforts in the private equity sponsor industry.
Signature's origination strategy was similar to PNC's, which is focused on building relationships with large and established fund managers. As such, we expect to retain 75% of the portfolio. This acquisition is financially attractive, given the purchase price of 99% of par and the high credit quality of the portfolio. Importantly, the transaction does not have a material impact to our capital ratios or tangible book value per share. Slide 13 details our focus on controlling expenses.
As Bill mentioned, we remain diligent in our expense management efforts, particularly when considering the current revenue environment. Our continuous improvement program has been in place for over a decade, and through this program, we've utilized expense savings to fund our ongoing business growth and technology investments. Over the past 10 years, through CIP, we've identified and completed actions to reinvest $3.7 billion in our company.
As you know, we have a 2023 CIP target of $450 million, and we're on track to meet that target. Looking to 2024, even though we've just begun our budgeting process, we do expect a 2024 annual CIP goal of similar magnitude to the 2023 program. Our CIP efforts over the years have allowed us to substantially invest in our company while still delivering low single-digit annual expense growth.
However, the current environment poses meaningful pressures, necessitating expense control measures beyond our annual CIP program. As a result, we took a hard look at our organizational structure and identified opportunities to operate more efficiently through staff reductions, which we began implementing earlier this month.
This initiative will decrease the workforce by 4% and is expected to reduce 2024 expenses by approximately $325 million. One-time costs associated with this plan are expected to be approximately $150 million and will be incurred during the fourth quarter of 2023. We believe these actions will position PNC for stronger efficiency going forward. As a result, even though our budgeting cycle isn't complete, we have an objective to keep core expenses stable in 2024, which, by definition, would exclude the fourth quarter one-time charges.
In summary, PNC reported a solid third quarter 2023. In regard to our view of the overall economy, we're expecting a mild recession starting in the first half of 2024, with a contraction in real GDP of less than 1%. We expect the federal funds rate to remain unchanged in the near term, between 5.25% and 5.5% through mid-2024, when we expect the Fed to begin cutting rates.
Looking ahead, our outlook for the fourth quarter of 2023 compared to the third quarter of 2023 is as follows: We expect average loans to be up approximately 3%, including the acquisition of the Signature Bank capital commitment facilities. Net interest income to be down 1%-2%.
Fee income to be up approximately 1%, as increased capital markets activity is expected to more than offset the impact of the elevated MSR hedge gains during the third quarter. Other non-interest income to be in the range of $150 million and $200 million, excluding net securities and Visa activity.
We expect total core non-interest expense to be up 3%-4%, which excludes charges related to the workforce reduction. Additionally, this guidance does not contemplate the pending FDIC special assessment, which could occur during the fourth quarter. We expect fourth quarter net charge-offs to be between $200 million and $250 million. With that, Bill and I are ready to take your questions.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. At this time, if you would like to register for a question, please press the one followed by the four on your telephone. You will hear a three-tone prompt to acknowledge your request. If your question has been answered and would like to withdraw your registration, please press the one followed by the three. If you're using a speakerphone, please lift your handset before entering your request. Once again, to register for a question, please press the one followed by the four. One moment, please, for the first question. Our first question is from the line of John Pancari with Evercore. Please go ahead.
John Pancari (Senior Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Morning.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Hey, John.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Good morning.
John Pancari (Senior Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
On the just regarding the office increase in nonperforming that you discussed a bit, can you just give us a little bit more detail? Is that more indicative of did you see an acceleration in the deterioration of these credits that were noteworthy in the quarter and that necessitated the move to nonaccrual?
Or was this more of a function of an ongoing scrub of your portfolio as you're reevaluating, you know, collateral values or whatnot behind properties? And as you do that as well, can you maybe talk about some of the value depreciation you're beginning to see on some properties that have traded? Thanks.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I guess what I would say is what you're seeing is kind of our expected cycle through deteriorating credit. So our criticized list didn't really move. We moved inside of that, loans to nonperforming. By the way, I think they're actually all still accruing. We just kind of get there because we don't think they're refinanceable, in the current market.
The move to nonperforming from already being criticized, you know, comes about as you just watch cap rates creeping higher, you know, and adjust the underlying value of the properties accordingly. I mean, none of this is a surprise. We have heavy reserves against it. We kind of saw it coming. It's the big bulk of these properties moving through the snake, as it were.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Just the migration of the past.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yes.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
We do expect losses, as I said in my comments, but we believe that we're appropriately reserved.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
It's not like there's some new scrubbing, John. I mean, we've been, you know, we're live on every one of these properties every day, so it's not like we opened a drawer and found something. We know exactly what each of these are.
John Pancari (Senior Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Got it. Okay. Thanks, Bill. And then separately, on the expense side, can you maybe help us think about how that, the $325 million that you expect to fall to the bottom line from the headcount rationalization, how that would impact the growth rate that you expect overall for expenses in 2024 versus 2023? How should we think about that growth?
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah. So, so I, I mentioned in my opening comments, when we, when we walked down both, the CIP that we anticipate, the implementing in 2024, along with this, workforce reduction, that our objective is to keep 2024 expenses stable year over year. We haven't completed our budget process. In fact, we're at the beginning of our budget process, so we don't have a lot of 2024 guidance for you other than that is our objective, and that will be our expectation.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
And John, the other thing, you know, the reason we kind of put the continuous improvement in there is, you know, it's a number that we typically reinvest into our growth businesses in the future of the company. So, you know, that's sort of what's been driving our investment game for the last bunch of years. That continues. What's new is basically, you know, dropping the run rate related to personnel and just tightening the ship in what is a, you know, tougher revenue environment.
John Pancari (Senior Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Got it. Got it. And I'm sorry if I could ask just one more. On the Signature acquisition of the Signature loans, that is the $0.10 of accretion that you mentioned on that, can you maybe just walk us through the components of that? How do you arrive at that amount?
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Oh, sure. That's, you know, that's basically the yield in terms of the, the portfolio that we purchased. They are short term, about a year. So, you know, we do expect that $0.10 a share that we talked about in the fourth quarter and then, going into 2024. But when we get to 2024, of course, we'll include that in our full year guidance.
John Pancari (Senior Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Got it. Okay. Thanks, Rob.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Sure.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Matt O'Connor with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.
Nate Stein (Equity Research Analyst)
Hey, guys, this is Nate Stein on behalf of Matt O'Connor. Just one quick follow-up on the expense program. You talked about the $725 million total cost actions. So outside of the workplace reduction, can you just talk about just the other areas of efficiencies you're investing in? Thanks.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah. I guess, I mean, the workforce reduction is a specific number we mentioned of the $325 million. Inside of continuous improvement, you know, which we do every year, we're focused on contract renewals, on management layers, building.
Nate Stein (Equity Research Analyst)
Segments.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah, occupancy, efficiencies, all the things you'd expect us to be focused on in the ordinary course of running the business.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
That's a program that we've had in place, as I mentioned, for several years, and allows us to, and has allowed us to grow annual expenses in the low single digit range, even with all those investments. In point of fact, this year, we're pointing to 1% growth year-over-year, 2024 or 2023 over 2022. A large part of that is because of our Continuous Improvement Program.
Nate Stein (Equity Research Analyst)
Great, thanks. And then if I could just ask you a follow-up question on the capital markets fees. So they came in weaker than expected this quarter. You talked about, I think, stable versus the last quarter. One of your larger peers reported stronger capital markets this morning. Can you just talk about the driver of this? Was it mostly mix related? And then maybe touch on the outlook near term, given the macro outlook is better than a few months ago? Thanks.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I didn't—I'm not sure what anybody else reported. My guess was that the trading line item was better than pure fees. But, you know, in our case, the bulk of our capital markets income come from various advisory fees from Harris Williams or Solebury or syndications and so forth.
And while the pipelines remain, you know, robust, if not at record levels, the activity level, while there's been, you know, some green shoots, just hasn't been strong. Eventually, it flows through, but we're getting a little tired of predicting when it'll be.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
But, yeah, I would add to that. Our capital markets is weighted towards our M&A advisory, Harris Williams. We had a soft second quarter. At the end of the second quarter, our pipelines were higher than the first quarter, so we thought naturally that the third quarter would be higher, but it wasn't.
So we find ourselves at the end of the third quarter with even higher pipelines than we had at the beginning of the quarter. But inside of that, you know, a subset of the pipeline are signed deals, which that part is higher than it was at this point last quarter. So we do expect to see the lift, and our expectations are that we get back to first quarter levels.
Nate Stein (Equity Research Analyst)
Thank you.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Scott Siefers with Piper Sandler. Please go ahead.
Scott Siefers (Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Morning, everyone. Thanks for taking the call.
Nate Stein (Equity Research Analyst)
Hey, Scott.
Scott Siefers (Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Let me ask sort of a broad question. Hey, kind of a broad question on NII. Are we getting to a point where that'll start to trough? So maybe, Rob, just sort of some of the puts and takes. You know, it seems like your deposit betas are coming in as expected or better.
I know there should be some asset repricing as we look into next year, but, you know, some of the larger banks have been sort of vocal about the degree to which they're still overearning on NII, which I think is, you know, kind of kept these fears of still bleeding out NII alive, sort of industry-wide. Maybe just some thoughts on how you see things playing out for PNC in particular.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
You want me?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I'll start.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Okay.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Sure. You know, all of it ends up being dependent on what you think the Fed is going to do. Personally, I think, you know, the Fed is higher for longer, even higher for longer than the market expects. You know, in our official forecast, I guess we have two cuts towards the back of next year.
As short rates stay higher, you will continue to see betas creep up, both because, you know, we're going to reprice the back book, and secondly, because you'll just, not on betas, but just on the shift from non-interest bearing to interest bearing. So when that inflection point is, in some ways, to do the most with what's going on with the yield curve and the Fed.
You know, as the curve continues to flatten by the long end selling off, all else equal, that helps, notwithstanding the marks on our existing bonds. It helps with the price we get on the roll down and reinvestment. So there's too many variables in there, but the basic notion that we're, you know, at the inflection point, I think is entirely dependent on what happens with the Fed in the coming year. And, you know, we haven't done our budget yet, so we're not going to call it.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah. I would just, I would just add to that, you know, just observations. You know, deposits continue to decline. We expected that, but that decline is slowing. Betas have gone up, but the increase has slowed. In fact, in the third quarter, actuals came in lower than what we expected for the first time since rates have been increasing rapidly. So things have slowed as far as that trajectory is, and then obviously the inflection point issues that Bill just covered are valid.
Scott Siefers (Managing Director, Senior Research Analyst)
Mm-hmm. Okay, perfect. Thank you. Maybe a question on credit as well. I guess there, you know, just in the last few weeks, there've been a couple of commercial hiccups in the industry in the Shared National Credit space. I was hoping you might be able to remind us about PNC's exposure in this space, and just generalization, sort of how that portfolio quality compares to the rest of the book, how much you lead, et cetera.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah, pretty good there, Scott, in terms of credit. So, you know, all of the noise, so to speak, is in the commercial real estate office space that we spoke about. As far as the Shared National Credit results went, they're complete. They're represented in our numbers, and it was, you know, pretty benign in terms of total deals. Upgrades were more than downgrades, but they were a handful of each.
Speaker 12
All right. Thank you very much.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Sure.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Gerard Cassidy with RBC. Please go ahead.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
You guys gave us good color on the burn off of the securities portfolio. And the question I had is, it looked like this quarter you put more up at the Fed. So what are you guys doing with the cash flows from the portfolio now in terms of where you're putting it in other securities? And then second, once the Basel III Endgame is finalized, how do you think you guys will approach in carrying your securities? Will you carry less than available for sale or more? Can you share with us your thoughts there as well?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I guess, just with the existing book, it's running down. You know, we've run down you know, the DV01 in our securities and swaps through the course of the entire year. We've had some purchases, but not to the extent we've had maturities. And, you know, and we've been buying, I don't know what average yield is, but stuff that roughly carries flat versus leaving it in the Fed. You know, going forward, the switch from available for sale to held to maturity doesn't really affect anything. It's an accounting entry.
So, you know, we'll keep some amount available for sale to the extent we trade around that book, but we don't trade around that book all that much, and the rest we'll just buy into held to maturity, which is, by the way, what we've been doing thus far, since rates have gone up.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah. But just a couple of things to add. One of the uses of cash, Gerard, was the purchase of the Signature loans.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Yeah.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
So that was our biggest.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah, that was-
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
That was our biggest outlay.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah, that was our biggest outlay. And then on the split, Bill has it right. You know, where we are now is probably about where we are, plus or minus, to your views, in terms of what... But, you know, where we got to holding it all to 100% of AFS was the tailoring, which has passed us.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
So we're back to sort of the normal split.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Very good. And then as a follow-up, you've just mentioned about the purchase of the Signature loans.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
You guys are in a good position that you're not being impacted by Basel III Endgame, you know, RWA, RWA inflation, like some of the big money centers, of course. Do you think there's going to be opportunities for you guys to buy other portfolios? Not, not from the FDIC per se, but from some of your peers or banks that do mitigation strategies to get to these RWA targets they need to get to?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
You know, I suppose there could be. I don't know that we've actually seen any. You know, we get pitched by everybody to execute one, which we have no need for.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Right.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
But the purchase side of that is actually pretty attractive. They're giving away a lot of economics, so it's actually a good thought. I'll go look around.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Well, and we... No, we have the capital flexibility to do it, and people know our telephone number.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Yeah, and then specifically, it would be more in the C&I space or consumer, or do you guys have a preference? Should they call that phone number, Rob?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
It's... Look, we're intelligent, hopefully intelligent takers of risk at the right price.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Got it.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
You know, we can evaluate what's out there.
Gerard Cassidy (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Bank Equity Strategy)
Very good. All right. Thank you, gentlemen.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Next question, please.
Operator (participant)
As a reminder, to register for a question, please press the one, followed by the four on your telephone. Our next question is from the line of Bill Carcache with Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Thanks. Good morning, Bill and Rob. I wanted to follow up on your office CRE comments. How much of an impact to debt service coverage are PNC customers experiencing from swaps that are rolling off? Say, in cases where they issued floating rate debt under ZIRP 2-3 years ago and put on swaps to lock in low fixed rates at the time, but are now facing a significant reset as those swaps mature. I'm just curious if, you know, how significant that maturing swap dynamic is inside of the portfolio, and, you know, whether you feel like you have a good handle on that dynamic.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I don't know the answer to that. I would tell you, though, the bulk of our stuff, and you see it in our maturity schedules, you know, we are kind of stabilization loans-ish, project loans. And so in that instance, the hedge dynamics, if somebody would put on that loan, in my experience, would be less than what they would have done on a, you know, a term, you know, ten-year CMBS alternative. So my guess is it's not... I think they're just in trouble for floating-rate loans, from lease rates going down, from vacancies going up, and from the rehab costs of, you know, redoing floors for-
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Capital improvements.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah. You know-
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Okay.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
dropping the value of the buildings.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Understood. That, that's helpful. Thank you. And if I could follow up on that, if refinancing loans at current market rates would cause debt service coverage ratios to fall below one, can you discuss how much leeway there is, you know, inside of PNC to refinance loans under potentially more favorable terms to allow debt service coverage ratios to remain satisfactory?
And then maybe just more broadly across the industry, do you think, you know, so-called extend and pretend dynamics could become pervasive, particularly since... you know, banks have made it clear they don't, they don't want to own office buildings, and, you know, we've seen some commentary from regulators sort of urging, you know, banks to work with their customers.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Well, I think the extend part is possible. I think the pretend part,
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Not so good.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
That doesn't work.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Not so good.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Right.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
You know, we work with borrowers to, you know, figure out how to maximize the value of the property, because that's ultimately going to maximize the value of our loan. In some instances, that means taking the building and selling it. In some instances, that means getting more equity capital, you know, extending a loan at a debt service coverage ratio we normally wouldn't, under the theory that they can lease it up and sell.
But each and every one of those decisions is, you know, a decision tree based on what's the net present value of what we, PNC, can get against our loan. In any event, if we do something that is uneconomic relative to the original loan, that shows up in our reserves or charge-offs or so on and so forth. There's no pretend involved.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Understood. That's very helpful, Bill. Thank you. If I could squeeze in one last one on the point about whether we're at an inflection point on, you know, deposit betas sort of depending on the Fed.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Does the quarterly suggest that we could see terminal beta expectations potentially drift higher relative to prior guidance, again, depending on, you know, how much higher for longer persists?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah, I think, and by the way, this isn't a forecast, I think it's just common sense, right? To the extent that we still have a backbook of business, as does everybody, that hasn't necessarily repriced, and if rates are pinned at 5% forever in time, you know, that beta will continue to go up. You know, it's a function of how high does the Fed go and how long do they stay there? And everybody's been wrong so far. So yeah, it's a possibility.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Understood. I wanted to ask you another one about the CFPB's sort of open banking proposal, Bill, but I'll queue back up for that one. Thank you.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Peter Torrisi with Barclays. Please go ahead.
Peter Troisi (Managing Director, Senior Credit Research Analyst)
Hi, thanks very much for the disclosure on the long-term debt shortfalls in the slides. You know, you talked about $10 billion of debt issuance annually. But do you anticipate needing to issue more than $10 billion to close the shortfalls that you disclosed in the slides? Or can the $8 billion dollar shortfall at the bank be met just by restructuring existing internal debt? And I guess the question really is, you know, do you expect to issue debt at the holding company specifically to invest in the internal debt of the bank?
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah, this is Rob. So good question. So, you know, in regard to the long-term debt, you know, our message is independent of the rules, as we resume a more conventional funding structure in terms of our debt to our deposits that was pre-COVID, we would be compliant. So that's, that's the takeaway. In regard to how we get there, it's a combination of everything that you, that you outlined.
There will be issuances at the, at the holding company as part of our ongoing plan, that will then ultimately be papered down to the bank. But there's a lot of, there's a lot of moving parts there. The, the message is, we'll get there, and we would have gotten there independent of these rules.
Peter Troisi (Managing Director, Senior Credit Research Analyst)
Okay. Thank you.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Sure.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is a follow-up question from the line of Bill Carcache with Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Yeah, thanks for taking my follow-up. So, Bill, I was hoping you could just share your thoughts on the CFPB's plans to propose an open banking rule. There's a view that, you know, open banking essentially forces the industry to hand over the keys to the customer relationship. You know, you've talked in the past about sort of the dynamic of, like, passwords and all that kind of stuff, but I was just hoping you could speak broadly to that point or that topic.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah. I think, you know, what I've seen thus far out of CFPB commentary is they're largely focused on, you know, some of the right things. You know, make it easier for customers, agree with that. Secure data, agree with that. Don't allow data to be sold and commercialized without customer permission, agree with that.
Make customers, you know, agree to specific data items that would they want to share, you know, in a secure environment. So all of that stuff versus where we are today, where it's a free-for-all and there's a lot of fraud, actually, I'm in favor of. The notion of kind of open banking, where somehow I can just lift and shift my account from one bank to another because now there's technology to do it, I'm not that afraid of, of that.
It's more in, you know, the technology to allow it in a secure manner, independent of what rule is written, doesn't exist today. And, you know, I kind of look at what they're doing and hope it's a step in the right direction on security and the safety and soundness of customer information, leading to a reduction in fraud across the industry. And I, you know, the sound bites are, that's where they're going.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
Okay, that's helpful. I had heard something along the lines of, you know, some of the actions they're taking are intended to make it easier for customers to, quote-unquote, you know, "break up with their banks.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
and so I was wondering if there was anything in the language. You mentioned how you're not worried about the ability to shift the relationship. So maybe-
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Well, I mean, look, at the end of the day, by the way, if that was- if that happened, terrific. We compete every day, and, you know, we have good customer service and great products, we'll be a net beneficiary. Practically, the technology to allow that to happen, so just, you know, think about the notion of, now you have, you know, connected APIs that allow somebody to gather information and move information. Now you need to build a program that keeps track of the back book while you open a new book on a checking account, transfers balances on cards and all.
Eventually, somebody will come up with a cool business model that might be able to do that on the back of a law, laws that allow it, on the back of APIs that haven't been written yet, on the back of technology that links all the banks in question together. But that hasn't happened yet.
Bill Carcache (Senior Analyst)
That's great. Very helpful. Thank you.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yep.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Mike Mayo with Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Hey, Mike.
Mike Mayo (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Large-Cap Bank Research)
Sorry about that earlier. So in terms of the decline in commercial loans, how much of that decline is due to softer demand, and how much of that is deliberate as you look to shore up capital more than you previously would have intended?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Well, none of it's deliberate per se. You know, what we've seen some drop in utilization. We've seen a drop in kind of refinance rate as people are... If you think about a corporate loan revolver, where it's a 3-year, and every 2 years you renew it for the next 3 years.
Everybody's kind of extending that under the hope that things are going to get better on spreads. So there's just been less activity. At the margin, you know, we are extending less credit into credit-only new relationships on the hope that we're going to get fees, versus protecting our wallet, where we already have a lot of fees and get cross-sell. But that's kind of a-
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
That's small.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
At the margin.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Yeah, that's small.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Thing.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
It's on the demand side.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Mike Mayo (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Large-Cap Bank Research)
Okay. You're very clear about the expense guidance and the tough actions you're taking with personnel. Did you give an outlook for operating leverage over next year? Do you think the pace of expense decline will be faster than any decline in revenues? Specifically to the fourth quarter, the Signature loan acquisition looks like it adds a couple percent to your fourth quarter NII, but you're guiding down 1-2%.
That decline might be a little bit more than some had expected. Is it more than you had expected? You know, the quarter decline looks like 2-4% in the fourth quarter. Is that math correct? Why is it down maybe more than you thought? The big question, though, is revenues versus expenses over the next year.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Mike, do you want me to- Mike, again. Well, on the, on the expense issue, you know, we, we did say that, we expect, 2024 expenses to be stable. And, we haven't finished our budgeting cycle, so we can't really answer in terms of anything beyond that in 2024.
In regard to the NII in the fourth quarter guide, it does include the Signature acquisition, which we said was about $0.10 a share. I recall in the third quarter, we had expected 3%-5% decline. We ended up down 3%. So when we look to the fourth quarter, roll all that together, that's how we get down 1%-2%.
Mike Mayo (Managing Director, Head of U.S. Large-Cap Bank Research)
Got it. Okay, thank you.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Sure.
Operator (participant)
Our next question is from the line of Ken Usdin with Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Thanks. Morning, guys. One follow-up on the Signature acquisition as well. So, just wondering if you can provide a little more context on the portfolio, seeing the line that you're expecting to hold on to, or expecting to hold on to 75% of the relationships over time.
Can you – are you bringing on new team members? Is there expenses along with that? And just anything you can help us in terms of like, the duration of the loans, and is there just kind of a natural, you know, runoff that happens, given I think that they're generally a pretty short duration type of loan? Thanks.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah, it's de minimis adds of people that we're bringing on. You know, we're already in the business. We have the technology to be in the business. We know the clients. The rundown, you know, we're kind of saying, oh, 75% probably survives.
Most of that is simply a function of where we have overlap with clients and the size hold that we'd want to have for a particular client. We'd syndicate more of it, as we kind of rightsize our hold. There may be, you know, inside of that book of business, a handful of people that we would choose not to renew, but the credit quality is pristine. We know we underwrote every fund that is in that.
You know, and through time, you would expect that as they mature, we'll renew, and some period of time out, a couple of years, we'll end up with 75% of the notional that we started with, and you'll have no clue between now and then...
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
Well, well-
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
How much it was, yeah.
Robert Q. Reilly (EVP and CFO)
But, you know, that, that's right. De minimis expenses is involved with it, and we're excited about it.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah, that's a fair point on we won't know. That's what I was trying to ask. The second question-
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Well, we're not gonna...
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
But to be clear, it's,
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I mean, it, it'll be lost inside of our book of business.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yes.
Speaker 12
Becomes part of it.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yep.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
It becomes part of our C&I balances.
Speaker 12
Right. Right.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Completely, completely understood. The second question I had, Bill, is you mentioned, you know, in a higher, longer term environment, we gotta see what the Fed does in terms of, you know, where deposit betas and mix goes.
On the asset side, however, though, you know, can you help us understand what happens in terms of fixed-rate loan repricing, versus how much you might still have left in that, versus obviously, when we get to a peak in Fed funds, we'll know that the variable rates have, you know, will have gotten there?
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah. So we have, I mean, you know, beyond our securities book and swaps, which obviously we will reprice over the next several years, we have. I don't know the percentage off the top of my head, percentage of our loan book, either fixed rate to begin with, think of an auto loan or with swaps on top of it, floating rate loan we swap to fix.
Those fixed rate loans and swaps are shorter duration, typically than what we have in the securities book, and there's a lot of dry powder there. It'll reprice. You know, we are, you know, back to this notion that, hey, we're out there competing and growing this company, you know, we will be originating those loans as they reprice.
We're not dumping assets and getting out of things that's gonna, you know, shrink the total volume that's on our book.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah. No, totally understand. I would think it would be a net, you know, a net positive as an offset to the-
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Oh, it'll be.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
To whatever's happening.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
I mean, you get, you have the competing parts, right? We're gonna have repricings-
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
... of fixed-rate assets, fighting reprices of our liabilities. At some point, you know, that's gonna cross-
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Right
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
- and banks are gonna, you know, grow NII at high percentages. I just can't tell you when that is yet. We haven't done our budget next year.
Ken Usdin (Managing Director, Equity Research)
Yeah, that's fair. Okay, thank you.
Speaker 12
There are no further questions on the phone lines at this time.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Okay, well, thank you for—
Speaker 12
Everybody.
William S. Demchak (Chairman, President and CEO)
Yeah, thanks for participating. If you have any follow-up questions, please feel free to reach out to the IR team. Thanks.
Operator (participant)
Thank you. That does conclude the conference call for today, and we do thank you for your participation.