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BOSTON BEER CO INC (SAM)·Q4 2024 Earnings Summary
Executive Summary
- Q4 2024 net revenue rose 2.2% to $402.3M, with gross margin expanding 230 bps to 39.9% despite shortfall fees and third‑party prepayment headwinds; GAAP diluted EPS was a loss of $3.38 and non‑GAAP diluted EPS was a loss of $1.68, reflecting a $26M supplier contract settlement in the quarter .
- Depletions were flat and shipments fell 0.5% YoY; distributor inventory normalized to ~4 weeks from ~5.5 weeks in Q3, aiding clean channel levels into 2025 .
- 2025 guidance targets gross margin of 45–47%, GAAP EPS of $8.00–$10.50, price increases of 1–2%, and a $30–$50M YoY increase in advertising/promotional spend; mgmt aims to lift internal production mix and continue procurement/network efficiencies to drive margins over time toward high‑40s to ~50% excluding contractual items .
- Stock reaction catalysts: step‑up advertising across portfolio, national expansion of Sun Cruiser, and continued margin trajectory; offset by lingering headwinds in Truly and non‑GAAP adjustments (shortfall fees/prepayments) that weigh on reported margins .
What Went Well and What Went Wrong
What Went Well
- Gross margin expanded to 39.9% (+230 bps YoY), with procurement savings and pricing more than offsetting inflation; excluding shortfall fees and third‑party prepayments, Q4 gross margin reached 42.9% .
- Twisted Tea continued to lead hard tea and show distribution gains, while new products (Sun Cruiser vodka iced tea; Twisted Tea Extreme; Truly Unruly) built momentum; “We are entering 2025 as a stronger company focused on end‑to‑end execution” .
- Strong cash generation and balance sheet flexibility enabled $268M in share repurchases since Jan 2024 and funded elevated brand investment in 2025 .
What Went Wrong
- GAAP net loss of $38.8M (-$3.38 EPS) driven by $26M supplier contract settlement and higher advertising/selling expenses; non‑GAAP loss was -$1.68 EPS .
- Truly remained a drag; mgmt is conservative for 2025 and still expects declines near‑term despite improved trends from repositioning to lighter flavors and high‑ABV offerings .
- Q4 operating loss widened to -$56.0M vs -$25.9M in Q4 2023 as ad/selling costs rose 8.5% YoY and G&A increased, while Q4 is seasonally the lowest absolute margin quarter .
Financial Results
KPIs and margin headwinds:
- Shortfall fees impact on gross margin: ~205 bps in Q4 2024 .
- Third‑party production prepayments impact: ~90 bps in Q4 2024 .
- Distributor inventory levels: ~4 weeks on hand at year‑end (appropriate vs brands) .
Guidance Changes
Earnings Call Themes & Trends
Management Commentary
- “We achieved…200 basis points of gross margin expansion, which supported our non‑GAAP EPS growth of 31%…while increasing advertising investments” (Chairman Jim Koch) .
- “We are entering 2025 as a stronger company focused on end‑to‑end execution…diversified portfolio…and increased advertising investment” (CEO Michael Spillane) .
- “Excluding shortfall fees and third‑party production prepayments, [Q4] gross margin was 42.9%…contract settlement costs of $26M…provide increased production flexibility and more favorable termination rights” (CFO Diego Reynoso) .
- “Excluding contractual items, the midpoint of our 2025 gross margin guidance would be ~47.2%…we have a strong pathway to improve our gross margin over time to high‑40s to 50%” (CFO) .
Q&A Highlights
- Compensation and incentives: Shift away from total volume targets to brand‑family incentives (Angry Orchard, Twisted Tea, Sun Cruiser, beer families) to drive balanced portfolio execution .
- Scanner data vs depletions: Mgmt emphasized depletions as better coverage (Circana misses non‑measured/on‑premise), noting flat depletions YTD into Feb 21, 2025 .
- Advertising phasing: “Significant step‑up in Q1,” already visible around Super Bowl and major sports moments; outcome‑based funding with tighter attribution/ MMM and single‑source data .
- Twisted Tea deceleration: Planning single‑digit growth on larger base; incremental Light/Extreme; reclaim shelf space as long tail pruned .
- Sun Cruiser runway: Triple TDPs by peak season; incremental to Twisted Tea; expanded packs and national media; mgmt confident on repeat though withheld specific rates .
- Aluminum tariffs: Pass‑through, limited impact magnitude; no hedging .
Estimates Context
- S&P Global consensus for Q4 2024 EPS and revenue was unavailable at time of request due to SPGI rate limits; therefore beat/miss vs consensus cannot be assessed. Estimates comparisons should be revisited when access is restored.
- Implication: Absent consensus anchors, focus near‑term on mgmt guidance and margin trajectory; reported non‑GAAP loss reflects discrete contract settlement and seasonal Q4 dynamics .
Key Takeaways for Investors
- Margin trajectory remains the core story: procurement, network optimization, and brewery efficiencies support 45–47% FY25 gross margin, with contractual headwinds diminishing; excluding those, margins approach ~47% at mid‑point, with longer‑term potential high‑40s to ~50% depending on volume/mix .
- Brand‑building cycle underway: Elevated 2025 ad/promotional investment ($30–$50M) across Twisted Tea, Truly/Unruly, Sun Cruiser, and HARD MTN DEW aims to reaccelerate share/volume; expect heavier spend in 1H and outcomes to guide pacing .
- Sun Cruiser is the 2025 growth lever: National expansion in 1H, tripling distribution, new SKUs, and sports‑anchored media; importantly incremental to Twisted Tea, reducing cannibalization risk .
- Truly remains a swing factor: Repositioning to lighter flavors and high‑ABV is gaining traction but mgmt guides conservatively; c‑store and cultural partnerships (Barstool) could aid stabilization .
- Expect seasonality and Q1/Q4 margin noise: Q4 is typically lowest absolute margin; shortfall fees/prepayments are concentrated in Q4; shipments likely at high end in 1H due to brand timing and inventory .
- Capital allocation supportive: $212M year‑end cash, no debt, unused $150M revolver, and $398M remaining repurchase authorization provide flexibility to invest and return cash .
- Risk monitor: Cannabis beverages (Delta‑9) pose a growing competitive challenge in some states; keep watch on regulatory shifts and retailer adoption; aluminum tariffs currently viewed as low earnings impact .
Additional Relevant Press Releases (Q4 2024)
- 12/20/2024: Guidance update reflecting $26M Rauch contract settlement; FY24 GAAP EPS range lowered; tax rate raised to ~34% .
- 12/10/2024: Emerald Hour NA line launch (category innovation context) .
- 11/11/2024: Twisted Tea holiday activation (brand support context) .
Note: Consensus estimates from S&P Global were unavailable due to rate limits; beat/miss vs consensus should be reassessed upon access restoration.