American International Group - Earnings Call - Q2 2025

Executive Summary

• Adjusted EPS (AATI/diluted) of $1.81 beat S&P Global consensus of $1.60 by ~13%, with GAAP diluted EPS of $1.98; General Insurance combined ratio improved to 89.3% from 95.8% in Q1 on lower CATs, favorable PYD, and higher underwriting income. EPS consensus: $1.60*; revenue beat as well: $7.06B actual vs $6.85B estimate*.
• Underwriting income rose 46% YoY to $626M and GI APTI increased 27% YoY; CAT losses were $170M (2.9 pts) vs $330M (5.7 pts) in Q2’24, driving the ratio improvement.
• Capital return remained aggressive: $2.0B in Q2 ($1.8B buybacks, $254M dividends); debt-to-total capital 17.9%, parent liquidity $4.8B; Board declared a $0.45 dividend, marking a 12.5% increase vs prior quarterly rate.
• Management expects to be at the high end of its $5–$6B 2025 repurchase range and reaffirmed 10%+ Core Operating ROE for FY25; ratings of key insurance subs were upgraded by S&P (to AA-) and Moody’s (to A1) during the quarter—potential stock catalysts alongside sustained underwriting profitability.

What Went Well and What Went Wrong

• What Went Well
  • Strong underwriting and lower CATs: GI combined ratio 89.3% (vs 92.5% Q2’24) with underwriting income up 46% YoY to $626M; favorable PYD of $112M supported results. CEO: “AIG delivered an outstanding second quarter… higher underwriting income of $626 million… and disciplined capital management.”
  • Investment income and capital flexibility: Total NII up 48% YoY to $1.5B; on APTI basis $955M (+9% YoY). Parent liquidity $4.8B with debt/capital 17.9% enabling $2.0B Q2 capital return.
  • Execution on efficiency/strategy and AI: AIG Next delivered >$500M run-rate savings ahead of schedule; early GenAI deployment shows 4x submission ingestion and +20% submit-to-bind in pilot; scaling to more lines in H2’25 and 2026.
• What Went Wrong
  • Accident-year underlying tightened: AYCR rose to 88.4% (vs 87.6% Q2’24), with CFO noting casualty mix, added conservatism, and “lean parent” expense reapportionment lifting AY loss/expense ratios in NA and International Commercial.
  • Property pricing pressure (US large account) required tempered growth despite strong retention; management highlighted reliance on shared/layered placements and reinsurance to protect profitability.
  • Global Personal still near break-even: CR 98.5% (improved YoY), but NPW down 11% reported (-3% comparable) due to HNW quota share; progress continues but profitability remains less robust than Commercial.

Transcript

Speaker 4

Today, and welcome to AIG's second quarter 2025 financial results conference call. This conference is being recorded. Now, at this time, I would like to turn the call over to Quentin McMillan. Please go ahead.

Speaker 0

Thanks very much, Michelle, and good morning. Today's remarks may include forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements are not guarantees of future performance or events and are based on management's current expectations. AIG's filings with the SEC provide details on important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially. Except as required by applicable securities laws, AIG is under no obligation to update any forward-looking statements if circumstances or management's estimates or opinions should change. Today's remarks may also refer to non-GAAP financial measures. The reconciliation of such measures to the most comparable GAAP figures is included in our earnings release, financial supplement, and earnings presentation, all of which are available on our website at AIG.com.

Following the deconsolidation of Corebridge Financial on June 9, 2024, the historical results of Corebridge for all periods presented are reflected in AIG's consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Finally, today's remarks related to net premiums written are presented on a comparable basis, which reflects year-over-year comparison on a constant dollar basis and adjusted for the sale of the Global Personal Travel and Assistance business as applicable. We believe this presentation provides the most useful view of our results and the go-forward business in light of the substantial changes to the portfolio since 2023. Please refer to page 25 of the earnings presentation for reconciliations of such metrics reported on a comparable basis. With that, I'd now like to turn the call over to our Chairman and CEO, Peter Zaffino.

Speaker 2

Thank you, Quentin, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today to review our second quarter 2025 financial results. Following my remarks, Keith will provide more detail in the quarter, and then we will take questions. Jon Hancock and Don Bailey will join us for the Q&A portion of our call. AIG had an outstanding second quarter. We continue to make meaningful progress on our strategic, operational, and financial objectives that we outlined at Investor Day. Our momentum continues to build with strong performance across the board. We delivered adjusted after-tax income per diluted share of $1.81, an increase of 56% year-over-year. Adjusted after-tax income for the quarter was $1.0 billion, an increase of 35% from the prior year quarter, driven by our General Insurance business, which had underwriting income of $626 million, an increase of 46% year-over-year.

Net investment income on an adjusted pre-tax basis was $955 million, an increase of 9% year-over-year. Exit-year combined ratio as adjusted was 88.4%. Calendar year combined ratio was 89.3%, an improvement of 320 basis points from the prior year quarter. We achieved a core operating ROE of 11.7%. We returned $2.0 billion of capital to shareholders, bringing the year-to-date total to $4.5 billion. We sold $430 million or 13.4 million shares of Corebridge Financial, reducing our stake to approximately 21%. Finally, both S&P Global and Moody’s upgraded their financial strength ratings of AIG’s insurance subsidiaries during the quarter, which was a major milestone. This is our first upgrade from S&P Global since 2013 and our first upgrade from Moody’s since 1990.

For our call this morning, I will share a detailed review of our second quarter results, a few observations on the global property market and specifically our portfolio, highlights from our successful completion of AIG Next, which delivered $500 million in savings and significant operational improvements, an overview of Russia aviation-related claims, and an update on our GenAI initiatives. Before I review the quarter in more detail, I'd like to take a moment to welcome John Neal to AIG. He'll be joining us as President on December 1. As many of you know, John is one of the most accomplished executives in our industry. He's very well known to our stakeholders, has significant global operating experience, and an impressive track record leading underwriting organizations, most recently as the CEO of Lloyd’s of London.

John will oversee our General Insurance organization and will partner with me and the business leaders in driving the strategic direction of the business. John's background, experience, and global expertise add depth to our excellent management team, and we look forward to working closely with him in his new role. Now, let me provide a more detailed view of our second quarter financial results. Net premiums written were $6.9 billion, an increase of 1% year-over-year. This included 3% growth in Global Commercial. North America Commercial Insurance net premiums written increased 4% year-over-year. Excluding property, which I will discuss in more detail, North America Commercial Insurance net premiums written increased 11%. We had growth in businesses that we believe have strong risk-adjusted margins, and we tempered growth in those businesses that had rate pressure. Retail Casualty and Lexington Casualty each increased 19%.

Western World increased 15%, and our alternative businesses, which consist of glass filtering programs, also increased 19%. These results were offset by Retail Property and Lexington Property, where net premiums written declined by 8%. International Commercial Insurance net premiums written increased 1% year-over-year, driven by modest growth in casualty and global specialty, which was offset by declines in property and Financial Lines. In the second quarter, Global Commercial continued to produce strong new business of nearly $1.4 billion, a 7% increase from the prior year quarter. In 2024, North America Commercial experienced tremendous new business growth. In 2025, we continue to see incremental growth led by Lexington Middle Market, Western World, and our alternative businesses. It's worth noting that the submission count in our Lexington business continues to be very strong, increasing 28% year-over-year.

International Commercial produced very strong new business in specialty, with a 35% increase from the prior year quarter led by Marine and Energy. In addition, Global Commercial had very strong renewal retention across North America Commercial and International Commercial of 88%. Global Personal net premiums written decreased 3%. As I discussed on the previous earnings call, we entered into a high net worth quota share reinsurance treaty with strategic partners that is driving profitability improvement of the portfolio. However, it had a six-point negative impact to Global Personal net premiums written growth in the quarter. Turning to expenses, Keith will go into more detail in his remarks, but I wanted to make a few points. Our General Insurance expense ratio was 31%, a 50 basis point improvement year-over-year. For the first half of 2025, the General Insurance expense ratio was 30.8% compared to 31.6% for the prior year period.

The General Insurance business has continued to absorb expenses that used to reside in Other Operations. In addition, we've made meaningful investments in cybersecurity and GenAI, and the costs for both are being absorbed in the businesses. For Other Operations, general operating expenses were $90 million in the quarter and $175 million for the first half of 2025. This is in line with a $350 million annual run rate for parent expenses for 2025, which is simply an outstanding result. Now, I'd like to take a moment to cover the property insurance market and the competitive nature of the rate environment, particularly in large account property, as we enter wind season in the U.S. This has been one of the most widely discussed topics in the industry, and I thought it was worth spending a few minutes outlining a technical view of AIG's underwriting approach to our U.S.

property portfolio in this environment. My comments will focus on U.S. property because our international property portfolio is experiencing very different market dynamics. It has terrific results and a rate environment that is currently positive. Our U.S. property business has been one of the best stories for AIG during the repositioning of our underwriting portfolio. What used to be a highly unprofitable portfolio with massive limits, combined ratios of 120% or greater, and significant volatility accompanied with outsized catastrophe losses has now become one of the most profitable lines of business for AIG. Even in the current environment, our portfolio has been performing exceptionally well across retail property and Lexington wholesale large account, where on average, pricing decreases have been 11% and Lexington Middle Market property was largely flat.

Since 2018, retail property and Lexington wholesale large account cumulative rate increases have been 135% and 120% respectively, and Lexington Middle Market has had cumulative rate increases of 90%. Additionally, over the last several years, exit-year combined ratios, as adjusted, have been below 60% on average for both retail and wholesale property. Further, and an important distinction, approximately 90% of our large account property, retail and wholesale, is placed on a shared and layered basis, which means non-concurrent pricing and non-concurrent terms on that placement. This allows us to establish differentiated pricing and policy wording coverages and exclusions for the limits we deploy for each risk. When we report out a rate increases or decreases, it is against the pricing that we establish for our layer, not the index of the average pricing of the market for that placement.

Also, with shared and layered placements, most of the business is net a commission. This means it has very low acquisition expenses. In AIG's case, retail property has an acquisition ratio of approximately 1%. Inherently, it therefore has a higher loss ratio, as the total premium includes very little expenses to gross up. In contrast, a middle market portfolio, which for AIG is 35% of our total property book, has different characteristics. Middle market accounts have higher acquisition expense ratio and total expense ratio that translates to lower loss ratios because the total premium is grossed up through a higher total expense load. When reviewing the quality and profitability of a property portfolio at a high level, in addition to excellent individual risk underwriting, you should also have a technical view of the following components. Let's start with catastrophe.

You need a proper analysis of potential CAT layers using extensive modeling, along with an accurate view of exposure and appropriate funding for CAT risks, including comprehensive reinsurance at all appropriate return periods and tail risk. You should review average annual losses, or AAL, which are CAT losses that are within your net retention below your property CAT reinsurance program. Typically, for lower return periods, net retained catastrophe requires an appropriate risk load. Also important are vertical single losses that are typically protected with property per risk reinsurance. Finally, you should consider attritional loss selections with an appropriate risk margin. When you analyze each of these components, I believe our approach has been conservative with respect to each variable. The reason is we have a clear and detailed understanding of our fully loaded reinsurance CAT costs.

We've been able to purchase reinsurance at low attachment points and have high exhaust limits, and, importantly, these costs are fully embedded into our insurance pricing. This year, our risk-adjusted pricing decreases for reinsurance are at or greater than the pricing decreases on our primary business, limiting the impact of the rate environment on our net loss ratios. This would not be the case if you chose to take these layers net. Even with a significant increase in frequency of CATs, our AALs have been roughly equal to or greater than our actual experience over the past three years. On single large losses, we have significant protection on property per risk, with reinsurance attaching at $25 million and exhausting in exits of $600 million. This is another strategic choice to reduce volatility, and we have fully embedded this cost into our pricing.

We've also benefited from risk-adjusted pricing decreases on our property per risk treaties. The outcome of all of these variables is that our attritional loss ratios over the past three years have performed better than our expected exit-year loss ratio picks. As I noted, another critical component of the loss projection is how much risk margin you have embedded as part of the ultimate exit-year loss ratio. In our case, that margin has continued to expand as a result of our exceptional underwriting and cumulative rate increases. When developing our loss picks, we include a risk margin that ranges from 10% to 20%, depending on the segment of business. We've structured our portfolio to manage through various cycles. Going forward, we're looking to maintain our U.S.

property portfolio, which is evidenced through our strong retention, growing where it makes sense for us based on our risk-adjusted returns, and when market conditions warrant, we have the ability to pivot quickly. When you take into consideration all of these components of a property portfolio, we expect, in the current environment, to deliver strong profitability in both retail and wholesale property. Now, I'd like to provide an update on our operational accomplishments. At the end of 2023, we launched AIG Next to create a leaner, more simplified, and more effective organization supported by the right infrastructure and capabilities while achieving at least $500 million in run-rate savings. We embarked on this journey by pursuing a number of key initiatives. First, we created a lean parent company with costs aligned to being a public company, representing 1% to 1.5% of net premiums earned.

In 2023, other operations' expenses were approximately $1 billion. In order to achieve our future state parent expenses, we transferred $300 million as part of the Corebridge Financial divestiture. We either eliminated or reapportioned the remaining $350 million into our General Insurance businesses. Second, we drove global consistency and local relevancy across our end-to-end processes, including centralizing our treasury and capital activities to create global enterprise standards. Third, we reduced organizational complexity through the creation of three distinct business segments: North America Commercial, International Commercial, and Global Personal, which has led to better and differentiated experiences for our clients and partners. Fourth, we restructured and simplified our underwriting and claims organizations to accelerate and scale our data, digital, and GenAI strategy. Finally, we advanced our technology transformation and modernized our infrastructure, which included, among other initiatives, the elimination of 1,200 legacy applications.

As we did with AIG 200 and our underwriting turnaround, I'm very pleased to share that we've achieved our objectives ahead of schedule. We actioned over $530 million of annual run-rate expense savings, with over $500 million realized through the second quarter. I often say that one of the most impressive differentiators of AIG is our colleagues' ability to execute multiple complex strategic initiatives at the highest quality. The accelerated results that we've achieved through AIG Next are a testament to our culture of teamwork and willingness to execute at pace across the company. We thought it would be helpful to provide perspective on the Russia aviation-related claims, a complex industry topic in the headlines. These aviation insurance exposures are related to aircraft leased to Russian airlines that were kept in Russia after the invasion of Ukraine.

As you may recall, airline lessors are seeking compensation under contingent and possessed, as well as operator policies covering both all risks and war perils. On June 11, a judgment was issued in a legal proceeding in the U.K. in which a number of lessors led by Air Cap brought claims against insurers that issued contingent and possessed policies to them. In that judgment, the UK High Court ruled that the lessors suffered a covered war loss as a result of actions that the Russian government took in March of 2022. This decision aligns broadly with several prior rulings in the U.S.

As we said at the outset, this was an unusual event for the industry, with complicated issues including whether a covered loss occurred and when, which peril triggered coverage, did the lessors take appropriate steps to mitigate losses, should sanctions apply, and which policy should respond, contingent and possessed, or operator. The situation was further complicated by the fact that many policyholders were quick to file coverage litigation, which significantly delayed the loss adjustment process. Despite these complexities, AIG, along with other insurers, made a concerted effort early to engage with policyholders in a unified manner to resolve the claims consensually, reflecting the intent of the policies which were written on a subscription basis in the London market. Unfortunately, the market participants were not able to agree on a solution, which is often the case in our industry, and litigation proceeded in multiple jurisdictions, most notably in the UK.

In the UK proceeding, AIG was the lead all risks representative defendant and, as such, advanced the position that any losses by Air Cap should fall to the war cover, which was eventually adopted by the court. It's worth noting that AIG sought to and successfully settled all other claims under contingent and possessed policies in the UK proceeding prior to the Air Cap ruling and, in many instances, obtained releases of our exposure under any applicable operator policies. With regard to the operator policies, there is a separate UK proceeding concerning claims that lessors have brought against AIG and several other insurers. We believe these operator claims face significant hurdles, given among other factors that the relevant aircraft continue to be used by the Russian operators. Like many in the market, AIG wrote both all risk and war policies.

Early on, we conducted a thorough evaluation of the potential net financial impact of these claims on AIG, factoring in the complex coverage issues and all applicable reinsurance and various scenarios. As a result of this analysis, as I have stated previously, we prudently reserved for our expected net loss exposure, and the outcome in the Air Cap case, along with the settlements in other cases, have been in line with our expected net loss estimates. Now, let me take a few minutes to provide an update on our GenAI work, which continues to accelerate while generating significant interest among our stakeholders. At our Investor Day, we provided an overview of our GenAI approach and how we're deploying GenAI end-to-end across the core business to power our underwriting business.

Specifically, we talked about how we're leveraging large language models, our agentic ecosystem of capabilities, and our partnerships with AWS, Palantir, and Anthropic, among others. We laid out our framework, which is built around data ingestion, augmentation, and prioritization powered by our agentic AI ecosystem. We first deployed AIG underwriter assistance to our private non-for-profit business and Financial Lines at the end of the first quarter, and the early results are very promising. Submission ingestion has increased by four times, and the submit-to-buying ratio has increased by 20% from the baseline. Looking forward, we remain on track to introduce AIG underwriter assistance for our Lexington Middle Market, property, and casualty businesses in the third quarter of this year and across all of North America Commercial, UK, and EMEA Commercial lines in 2026. We continue to explore opportunities to accelerate our rollout.

As we scale GenAI across underwriting, we've also been building AIG claims assistance. We have successfully configured the core GenAI capabilities of ingestion, augmentation, and prioritization that we built for AIG underwriter assistance to support claims. With this framework, we can ingest unstructured data to expedite first notice of loss, prioritize claims assignments, and augment claims adjusters' investigations with relevant external multimodal data from approved sources. For claims, we've been training large language models to extract and organize key insights automatically to enable claims adjusters to make more informed decisions faster than ever in order to fulfill our promise of helping our clients when they need us most. We've conducted preliminary testing on the first notice of loss process, which is the first report made to an insurer about a potential claim. In our sample, the processing time has decreased from days to hours.

We've also seen cycle time for coverage endorsement reviews, a key part of a coverage assessment, decrease from hours to minutes. Our objective with these advanced tools is to enable more technical reviews, provide our underwriting and claims experts with more insight and capabilities, reduce cycle time, significantly enhance decision-making, and meaningfully improve service to our clients and partners. Foundational to this work is ontology. You will hear a lot more on this topic in the coming quarters, especially as we make more progress with our rollout. We've been building our AIG ontology since we began our work in AI. It reflects an intent to create a digital twin of our business, representing all key data, processes, business logic, and a map of relationships across businesses and functions. Ontology is critical for deploying large language models.

It brings together the relevant data sets that define the components of our insurance business, integrates and sequences them, and then models how they relate to one another. Our ontology will create a clear record of any actions taken, which will inform business logic and provide the ability to audit agents' activities. We've seen an acceleration since Investor Day as large tech companies have made significant capital expenditure commitments to further advance GenAI capabilities. I'm very encouraged with the progress that AIG is making. With that overview, I will now turn the call over to Keith.

Speaker 0

Thank you, Peter, and good morning. I'm going to expand on the financial highlights for the quarter. Overall, total adjusted pre-tax income, or APTI, was $1.4 billion, an increase of 37% from the prior year quarter. This was driven by excellent results from the business and focused execution of our investment portfolio strategy. General Insurance gross premiums written were $10.1 billion in the second quarter, an increase of 4% from the prior year. Net premiums written were $6.9 billion, an increase of 1%. For the second quarter, General Insurance exit-year combined ratio as adjusted was 88.4%, an increase of 80 basis points over the prior year quarter. I'll unpack the loss ratio when I cover the segments. Looking at expenses, in the second quarter, General Insurance expense ratio was 31.0%, a 50 basis point increase year over year.

General Insurance absorbed $83 million of additional expenses that were booked in Other Operations in the second quarter of 2024. We remain on track to reduce our expense ratio below 30% by 2027. Moving to catastrophes, charges for the quarter total $170 million or 2.9 loss ratio points. Prior year development for the quarter net of reinsurance was $128 million favorable, which included $97 million of favorable loss reserve development and $31 million of ADC amortization. The favorable development primarily stemmed from workers' compensation, largely driven by favorable trends on excess of loss-sensitive business. U.S. property and special risks also developed favorably. We strengthened U.S. casualty by $106 million, which was driven by mass tort and older accident years, of which the vast majority is in accident years 2015 and prior, which are covered by the ADC.

We also reapportioned some of the uncertainty provision in casualty lines into the more recent accident years, as we outlined in the fourth quarter. This is a prudent measure given broader litigation and inflationary trends in the industry. This was not related to any observable deterioration in our book. The General Insurance calendar year combined ratio was outstanding at 89.3%, a 320 basis point improvement compared to the prior year quarter. Now, moving to the segments, North America Commercial exit-year combined ratio as adjusted was 86.2%, an increase of 150 basis points over the prior year quarter. The exit-year loss ratio of 63.1% was up 120 basis points, owing to changes in business mix as our casualty business grew and we pulled back on property.

Increased prudence in our 2025 loss picks, predominantly in casualty lines, given mass tort and general litigation trends, and reapportionment of unallocated loss adjustment expenses into the loss ratio, largely related to lean parent implementation. The expense ratio was up 30 bps to 23.1%, also driven by lean parent implementation. The quarter included 470 bps of catastrophe losses and 500 bps of favorable prior year development. North America Commercial calendar year combined ratio was 85.9%, an improvement of 430 bps from the prior year. Turning to International Commercial, the exit-year combined ratio as adjusted was 85.0%, an increase of 290 bps. The exit-year loss ratio was 54.2%, a 160 bps increase year over year, reflecting lean parent implementation, additional conservatism in lines facing macro uncertainties, and changes in business mix. The expense ratio rose 130 bps to 30.8%, driven by lean parent.

This quarter included 140 bps of catastrophe losses and 50 bps of favorable prior year development. The International Commercial calendar year combined ratio was 85.9%, a 270 bps improvement year over year. This is the ninth consecutive quarter of a sub-90% combined ratio and speaks to the high quality of our portfolio. Turning to Global Personal, the exit-year combined ratio as adjusted was 96.1%, a 120 bps improvement adjusting for the divested travel business. The exit-year loss ratio was down 160 bps to 54.2%, driven by lower reinsurance costs, increased earned premiums, as well as stronger underlying profitability. The expense ratio was up 40 bps to 41.9%, also driven by lean parent implementation. This quarter included 240 bps of catastrophe losses and no prior year development. The Global Personal calendar year combined ratio was 98.5%, an improvement of 170 bps year over year.

We continue to make progress, increasing the profitability of our Global Personal business as outlined at Investor Day. Moving to rates, Peter has already provided detailed perspective on the property market, so my comments will focus on other lines. Market conditions for pricing have remained largely stable and consistent outside of property. Excluding the property business, our North America Commercial pricing increased in the quarter by 6%, which is in line with loss cost trends. In North America Casualty, we continue to see price firming, especially in the excess casualty space, with pricing up 17%. Primary Casualty saw 12% pricing increases, which were above loss cost trends. In North America Financial Lines, pricing reductions moderated to down 2%, which is the lowest level of decrease since rates moved negative in the second quarter of 2022 and was three points better than the first quarter.

Moving to International Commercial, overall pricing was down 3%. Global Specialty pricing was down 6%, Talbot down 3%, and Financial Lines down 4%. AIG's well-diversified global portfolio allows us to manage across geography and products, prioritizing lines of business that offer the most compelling risk-adjusted returns while navigating a complex and dynamic global insurance market. Moving to other operations, second quarter adjusted pre-tax loss was $106 million versus the prior year quarter of $163 million. This reflects a significant reduction in general operating expense and lower interest expense, partially offset by lower net investment income. Adjusted for travel, the total general operating expenses across both General Insurance and other operations were $867 million in the second quarter, up 1% from the prior year. This small increase in GOE compares to 6% growth in net premiums earned.

For the first half of 2025, total GOE was $1.7 billion, down 3% year over year, while net premiums earned grew by 4%. This is an excellent outcome, especially considering our continual investments in data, digital, and GenAI capabilities, and reflects positive operating leverage from our expense discipline. The second quarter net investment income on an APTI basis was $955 million, an increase of $76 million year over year. General Insurance net investment income was $871 million, growing 17% year over year. The increase was driven by fixed maturity securities, owing to the optimization of our lower yielding portfolios, asset growth, higher reinvestment yields, and an adjustment of interest income primarily from the first quarter. For the first half of 2025, General Insurance net investment income was $1.6 billion and grew 7% year over year.

This is a better indicator of our expected run rate for the full year, subject to market conditions. During the second quarter, the average new money yield on the fixed maturity and loan portfolio was roughly 110 basis points higher than sales and maturities. Other operations' net investment income of $88 million declined $48 million over the prior year quarter and reflects income from our parent liquidity portfolio of $58 million and Corebridge Financial dividend income of $27 million. Yesterday, we announced the sale of another 30 million shares of Corebridge Financial with proceeds of approximately $1 billion. This brings our ownership to roughly 15%. Peter already provided some detail on capital management in his remarks. Based on our current liquidity and cash flow profile, we anticipate being at the high end of our 2025 share repurchase guidance range of $5 to $6 billion, subject to market conditions.

Turning to dividends, we increased our quarterly dividend in the second quarter by 12.5% to $0.45 per share, delivering a third straight year of double-digit growth. Turning to liability management, we've made significant progress over the last several years, improving our financial strength and flexibility. In May, we issued $1.25 billion of debt, upsizing the offering as a result of significant demand. The proceeds were partially used to retire $830 million of debt, effectively managing our maturity ladder. As a result, we have no material debt maturities in 2025 and 2026. We ended the quarter with approximately $9 billion of debt outstanding and a debt-to-total capital ratio of 17.9%, amongst the lowest in our peer group. As Peter already mentioned, but it bears stating again, during the second quarter, AIG's major insurance subsidiaries received financial strength upgrades from S&P Global to AA- from A+ and Moody's to A1 from A2.

These actions speak to the strength and stability of AIG, are a meaningful validation from our key stakeholders, and represent the collective hard work of our colleagues over several years. We continue to have strong capital ratios across our major insurance subsidiaries, which supports consistent and growing statutory dividends over time. We are on track to generate approximately $3 billion of subsidiary dividends in 2025. Book value per share June 30th was $74.14, up 8% from June 30th, 2024, reflecting strong growth in net income, as well as the favorable impact of lower interest rates on investment AOCI. Adjusted tangible book value per share was $69.81, up 4% from June 30th, 2024. In summary, we delivered an excellent second quarter with annualized core operating ROE of 11.7%. While the macro and insurance market remain dynamic, we are well positioned with multiple levers to drive continued strong performance.

We remain on track to achieve our 10%+ core operating ROE target in 2025 and continue to make steady progress on the long-term financial targets we outlined at our Investor Day. With that, I will turn the call back over to Peter. Thank you, Keith. Michelle, we're ready to take questions.

Speaker 4

Thank you. If you'd like to ask a question, please press star-1-1. If your question has been answered and you'd like to remove yourself from the queue, please press star-1-1 again. Our first question comes from Alex Scott with Barclays. Your line is open.

Speaker 2

Hey, thanks for taking the question. First one I had is, you know, just on the property pricing implications and some of the comments you made around the, you know, impact of reinsurance and so forth. I just wanted to make sure I understood that right. I mean, it sounded like that net wasn't really much of a headwind, actually, in the underwriting. I just wanted to understand, you know, if I'm getting that right, if it's more the makeshift and, you know, can you still hit the combined ratio targets you've talked about in the past?

Speaker 5

Yeah, so Alex, thanks. Good morning. What I was trying to outline in my prepared remarks was we are a big buyer of reinsurance on property. Everybody knows that. We have low attachment points. We have high exhaust. In a market like this, we benefit because if the rates are going down on reinsurance, on CAT as an example, that does benefit the original pricing. If you're funding it net, what I was saying, like if I look at our own AALs, like if the market gets softer, I don't reduce the AALs. They stay the same. What I was trying to say is that when you look at the amount of reinsurance that we would purchase, if we're getting risk-adjusted reductions that are at or greater than what we're pricing our original policies, that's a benefit.

There's no headwind there, but if you're funding it net, your AALs are still the same. You have to take a look at your attritionals a little bit sharper, I believe, because, you know, the overall pricing is going down. If you don't have the commensurate rates going down on your catastrophe, that's a headwind. We don't have that. That's what I was just trying to unpack in sort of the different components of property. Now, look, the combined ratio could go up a bit. We have great combined ratios. I've given, you know, some clarity at Investor Day and prior quarters that we posted in many of our businesses, you know, in the 70s combined ratio. If it goes into the low 80s, it's still a great business.

We are tempering our growth there because I don't know what happens to the rest of the year with CAT, and it's just something we want to be cautious with, but we still want to retain the business. We still want to price it appropriately and believe that we can have very strong returns in the current environment as I look to 2025.

Speaker 2

Yeah, that's helpful. Second one I had is sort of a follow-up on what you mentioned on growth. If the growth environment turns out to not be quite as good as expected, what will you do with the capital situation you have? I see premium to equity. I think it's a little below 70%. I think that's the lowest in the peer group I look at, and that's sort of not even that heavily influenced by the Corebridge proceeds and what you have at the holdco. What will you do in the event that the growth outlook doesn't end up being what you'd hoped for, what you outlined at the Investor Day? How quickly would you take action to try to get some of that capital redeployed elsewhere?

Speaker 5

I outlined at Investor Day that over a period of time, undefined, but it would be a medium term, that if we can't deploy the capital for growth, we would return it to shareholders. We do believe it's a moment in time with the property, you know, the second quarter before CAT season, the property lines run really well. I'm going to ask Don and John to comment on this because we're seeing other opportunities for growth. I think that we're getting mass a little bit with property. We outlined it. We've sort of bifurcated it because it's sort of anomalous to what's happening in the rest of our lines of business. We don't need the capital to execute on our sort of capital management strategy out of the subsidiaries. We really believe we can grow into it over a period of time.

If we can't, and you know, the market stays in a place where we have excess capital, we'll return it to shareholders. I don't think that's the place we are. It's a moment in time in this particular quarter. I think we got to look at it over the next few years. I believe AIG now has a business that can grow. When we had the market turn last time, AIG wasn't prepared. We were still, you know, re-underwriting our portfolio. We still had a bottom 15-20%. We were growing in lines, repositioned the portfolio. The market turns this time, we have massive opportunities to have exponential growth, and we will execute on that. Don, maybe let me start with you about what you're seeing in casualty, and then maybe I can shift to John, talk a little bit about specialty.

Speaker 0

Absolutely, Don.

Speaker 3

Rates are very strong in the casualty market right now. We've got gaining momentum there. Both Lexington Casualty and retail casualty grew rather substantially, 19% in the second quarter, with Lexington Casualty submissions up 39% in the quarter. It gives us a lot of faith in terms of the casualty opportunities we've got on a go-forward basis. In Financial Lines, Keith talked a little bit about the rate environment there, gaining stability, much less of a headwind going forward. We're definitely going to see the rate opportunities as we go forward there and the growth opportunities that follow. Gladfelter is a machine for us, a highly dependable growth engine for us. With the work we've done with Gladfelter to kind of rebuild our programs business, that increasingly is a huge driver of our growth as we go forward as well.

That's going to start to deliver even more as we go forward. We covered some of those businesses in Investor Day. I would just say this about Lexington too, that outside of the large account property segment, every other segment within Lexington is growing quite nicely. We had a 28% increase in our submissions at Lexington in the quarter, which again is a strong indicator for future growth opportunities. Last thing I would just say, our distribution model is highly aligned to drive everything that I just talked about. We see more and more opportunities ramping up as we go forward. We continue to be a very strong brand at Lexington, Gladfelter and AIG with our distribution partners and our insurers.

Speaker 2

Thanks, Don. That's helpful. John, maybe just talk about Lexington Casualty and how we're positioned in the market would be great.

Speaker 1

Yeah, certainly. I mean, Specialty, you know, we highlighted this at Investor Day. We talk about it a lot because it is such a fantastic business for us. We've delivered 5% growth in the quarter, 7% year to date. For sure, there is increasing competition and rate pressure generally. Global specialty, as much as anywhere, is an area we have real clear differentiated proposition. We're a leader. We're not an index for the market. We're positioned, I think, better than anyone to achieve superior terms and manage through the cycles. That's what we've been setting ourselves up for over the years. I think it's also worth saying on specialty, you know, we're still seeing that good growth. The profit is phenomenally good. We're confident that that maintains. It's a big part, you know, in the quarter. I agree with you, Peter.

I mean, a quarter is not a good judge of any growth plan. There's a lot of noise in any single quarter. Look at the longer term. That's what we build, certainly a specialty book for. If I stick to the quarter, you know, specialty is 45% of the international commercial business on a growth basis. It's only 28% of net premiums. That's in part due to those reinsurance protections that you talked about, Peter. Those reinsurance protections do make the result better. It might mean we give up a little bit of margin in a hardening and rising price cycle. We do that to manage the volatility. It also significantly mitigates the downside in the market that we're in now. That's a strong thing. That's part of a long-term sustainable reinsurance strategy, helping us manage across the cycles.

Yeah, bear in mind as well, we've seen nearly 70% cumulative rate increase in specialty over the last few years, only 20% in energy. We're really well positioned. We've got long-term strategic partnerships with those reinsurers. That's a big part of our proposition. The future is really strong for us.

Speaker 2

Yeah, thank you both very much. Okay, next question.

Speaker 4

Thank you. Our next question comes from Meyer Shields with KBW. Your line is open.

Great, thanks for mentioning. Good morning. I wanted to just check in on the reapportionment of reserves to exit years 2021 and 2022. I guess I know we're only looking at net numbers, but should we have seen something like that affect 2023 and 2024 as well?

Speaker 5

Thanks, Meyer. Look, I'm going to recap a little bit what I said and that Keith alluded to in the fourth quarter of last year. We had this provisional reserve that we created in 2022, and then we did add to it in subsequent years to, you know, add to margin. It was really in response to some of the uncertainty with inflation, other variables, sort of post-pandemic, and then the social inflation environment that we're in. The provision, which included IBNR, had been carried in lines that we thought would be most susceptible to the rising inflation. The uncertainty provision was set above loss picks from our actuarial reviews that didn't have any reflection for any emergence or anything of that nature. We began the process of completing reserve reviews, apportioning them into lines of business that we thought were appropriate.

I think that's what you had started to see in the fourth quarter of 2024, and it'll actually go through the fourth quarter of 2025. The exit years, the most recent ones, it wasn't that much, number one. Number two is a zero-sum gain. Those reserves are already set. We just are putting them into lines of business that we think are the most appropriate. When we look at the wide range of outcomes of casualty, we just thought it was prudent to reapportion those exit years. There's nothing in the underlying portfolio that would suggest that those additional reserves are needed. We had the uncertainty provision and we're allocating them to lines of business throughout 2025.

Okay, that's helpful. A bigger picture question: when you talk to your insurers, I know there's a lot of concern in the insurance industry about social inflation. Is that translating into increasing demand for liability coverage? Is that manifesting itself in the market yet?

I'll have Don comment a little bit on what we're seeing in the casualty market. What I would say, Meyer, is that there is a strong pull for underwriting companies that have expertise in casualty lines. It's not just capacity. If you're going to lead, do you understand the complexities that exist within their business, their industry group, their structures? How do we help them think through the total cost of risk working with our partners? I think when AIG had a slight pullback in casualty, there was a lot of demand from our clients asking for us to be more involved. I think the way in which we react to that is by trying to create solutions for our clients in the environment that we're in.

Don, maybe just quickly what you're seeing in casualty to Meyer's question around client demand and how we're helping them on an advisory basis.

Speaker 3

Yes, yeah. The social inflation and some other factors in the casualty market have the market appropriately disrupted and generally disciplined. We expect that to continue. Social inflation, Meyer, it's a long-term issue. Why that matters is that casualty is a long-term relationship as opposed to a property relationship oftentimes. These are 20, 30-year relationships. When we look at the question you're asking, buyers are definitely in a flight-to-quality mode where they see that long-term partner because of social inflation being even more important and being even more critical. Our brand in this place, our multilingual capabilities, our platform, our financial strength become incredibly attractive for brokers and buyers out there. The flight to quality is real, and we'll see that as we go forward.

Speaker 5

Thank you.

Speaker 3

Thanks, Mayor.

Speaker 0

Next question.

Speaker 4

Thank you. Our next question comes from Elyse Greenspan with Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Hi, thanks. Good morning. My first question, I wanted to go to the pricing discussion. You guys said excluding property, North America Commercial is up 6%, and you pegged that as in line with the loss trend. I might have assumed, just given the casualty makeup of the book, that loss trend would have been above 6%. Maybe if you could just help by kind of parsing it out on the loss trends that you're seeing within kind of, you know, some number that's less than 6% property in that North America book.

Speaker 5

Yeah, thanks, Elyse. Look, we're not going to break it down by line. If you look at where we're getting strong rate, it would be where there's a bigger loss cost trend. If you think about excess casualty in particular, some of the retail primary casualty, we are looking at why we took out properties. It's a part of the index. I think the loss cost trend is where we had outlined it on an index basis. I think we aren't covering loss costs on casualty in other lines excluding property.

Thank you. My follow-up, has there been any significant change in price that you guys have seen in July relative to Q2? I think property is probably perhaps a bigger makeup of the second quarter. I'm just trying to get a sense of any kind of pricing change quarter to date in Q3.

Look, if we had insight that we could give you, we would give it. It's just too early, Elyse. I mean, because we're still aggregating July. I don't see, we haven't seen any trends that are concerning or different than what we reported for the first half of the year. I think we really just need to play out the quarter as we go into the last two months of the quarter. I just think it's too premature to outline anything of July or there's nothing that we've seen that is significantly different than what we report in the second quarter.

Thank you.

Thank you.

Speaker 4

Thank you. Our next question comes from Michael Zaremski with BMO. Your line is open.

Hey, thanks. Good morning. Question on the meaningful expense ratio improvement, just on the cadence. Should we be thinking that the improvement is going to be a bit more back-end loaded given the top line being weighed down a bit by property rates, or is that not that much of a, is operating leverage not that much of a factor at this point?

Speaker 5

Keith, let me start with this. Good morning, Mike. I will just provide like sort of high level and any details you want to add to it, please do. One is we started this sort of process of apportioning parent expenses into the business in the third quarter of last year. Was it fully loaded in the third and fourth quarter? No, but it was mostly there. I think when you look at the first half of the year, it's kind of a continuation of what we did from other ops, GOE into the business. I don't think the second quarter is an accurate run rate. I think it starts to bend the curve a bit in the third and fourth to where there's less going into the business. When you compare it to the second quarter, there's some one-time headwinds in the second quarter.

We're really just focused on getting to future state, which I think we've done an exceptional job in terms of the parent company. The business has done a tremendous job of absorbing those costs. I thought it would actually be a longer transition. It has not been. You have to recognize too, we haven't fully earned in all the AIG Next while we have completed the $500 million. We still have more to earn in in terms of incremental end-year benefits in the third and fourth quarter. Look, this isn't guidance that you ought to take it way down, but it is guidance saying that I think you got to look at it for the full year. The first half was a little bit more bumpy than I think the back half will be.

We're going to watch the earned premium and making sure that we don't have any issues on the expense side. Keith, I mean, a couple of variables you may want to add.

Speaker 3

Yeah, just three quick points. Peter said it well. The first thing, it's not linear, right? Quarter to quarter, I think, is a good way of looking at it. Looking at it over the course of the full year is a better way. Just a couple of quick points. In my script, we talked about I wanted to give you a fully loaded view of expense, looking at GOE plus other operations expenses to get a feel for, are we getting the expense saves? The answer is yes, right? You see -3% in the first half of the year when you load fully full expenses together and +1% in the quarter. That compares to 4% and 6% growth on the top line respectively. We're getting the operating leverage. Point two, if you look at the expense ratio, it's up 20 bps adjusted for travel in the first half.

That's with more than 100 basis points of parent cost push down. We're getting, again, the ratio is underlying improving. The third thing to Peter's point he made is that the noise from this, the parent push down, will dissipate over time. This quarter we had $90 million of expense. It was $184 million in the prior year. The third quarter had $144 million. You're starting to see, and once we get to the fourth quarter, that will completely dissipate as we get into 2026.

Okay, perfect. That's helpful. My follow-up question is on the ENS marketplace. I believe, Peter, you cited submissions into Lexington Casualty being plus high 20s, which just seemed like a, I don't think you disclosed it every quarter, but it seemed like a very high level. Can you maybe just kind of talk about dynamics in that marketplace? I guess some folks ask us that, given property is correcting a bit off of very healthy levels, we shouldn't, eventually the retailers look to kind of find capacity and move some of that property out of the ENS market, which could slow the submission rate at least, I guess. Any comments are helpful.

Speaker 5

My first comment is be careful who you speak to. Because this dynamic is very different than any other market where industry executives that have been in the wholesale and retail will expect this to be a market that just transitions back into retail. That may or may not happen. We're not seeing it. We keep citing the submission counters because it's not that we're surprised, but we're unbelievably encouraged because in a market that typically would find retail casualty and retail property being more in demand, that doesn't seem to be the case. When we look at our own growth, Lexington Casualty is growing very strong. Property, to be honest, held up better than the retail. That's from the middle market play that we had in the past. I think that wholesale brokers have become more than E&S market placement.

They are now a broad range of whether it's through MGAs and MGUs or actually being placement mechanisms for the 40,000 independent agents that exist within the U.S. I think that the market is seeing some pricing pressure, but so is the retail. There's no evidence from us that it's slowing down in terms of submission count. We outlined at Investor Day that if we can start to harness that submission count and get it to better buying ratios because it's a business that we like, we still see growth opportunities. It's not that we're saturated with the submission count that we're maximizing our own growth potential or the industry is. There may be new entrants, new participants, but they're irrelevant in terms of the market that we trade in. We remain encouraged, cautious because we want to watch what's happening within the property. Overall, it's holding up really well.

Thank you.

Okay. Thank you very much. Appreciate everybody participating. I want to thank all of our AIG colleagues for yet another outstanding contribution to this quarter. I wish everybody a great day.

Speaker 4

This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect. Good day.