Microsoft is a technology company that develops and supports a wide range of software, services, devices, and solutions aimed at empowering individuals and organizations globally. Their offerings include cloud-based solutions, operating systems, productivity and collaboration applications, server applications, business solutions, desktop and server management tools, software development tools, and video games. They also design and sell devices such as PCs, tablets, gaming consoles, and related accessories .
- Intelligent Cloud - Drives substantial growth with Azure and other cloud services, including server products and cloud services .
- Productivity and Business Processes - Includes Office 365 and LinkedIn, with Office Commercial products and cloud services showing consistent growth .
- LinkedIn - Comprises talent solutions, advertising, sales insights, and premium consumer services, contributing significantly to the segment .
- More Personal Computing - Encompasses Windows, devices, and Xbox, with notable revenue increases in Xbox content and services, particularly after the Activision Blizzard acquisition .
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| Name | Position | External Roles | Short Bio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bradford L. Smith ExecutiveBoard | Vice Chair and President | Board Member at Netflix, Inc. | Joined Microsoft in 1993. Leads legal, public policy, and corporate affairs. Advocates for responsible AI and sustainability. Formerly General Counsel. | View Report → |
Satya Nadella ExecutiveBoard | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | None currently listed | Joined Microsoft in 1992. Became CEO in 2014 and Chairman in 2021. Previously led Cloud and Enterprise, Server and Tools, and other divisions. | View Report → |
Amy E. Hood Executive | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | None currently listed | CFO since 2013. Delivered strong financial growth, led strategic investments in AI and security, and oversaw shareholder returns. | View Report → |
Judson B. Althoff Executive | Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer | Board Member at Ecolab Inc. | Joined Microsoft in 2013. Leads global commercial business, driving AI adoption and digital transformation. Formerly President of Microsoft North America. | View Report → |
Kathleen T. Hogan Executive | Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer | Board Member at Alaska Air Group, Inc. | Joined Microsoft in 2003. Leads HR strategy, focusing on employee engagement, diversity, and inclusion. Formerly led Microsoft Services. | View Report → |
Takeshi Numoto Executive | Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer | None currently listed | Joined Microsoft in 1997. Leads marketing strategy. Previously led Cloud Marketing and Office 365 Marketing, driving the transition to cloud services. | |
Carlos A. Rodriguez Board | Director | Executive Chair at ADP | Director since 2021. Chair of the Compensation Committee. Former CEO of ADP. | |
Catherine MacGregor Board | Director | CEO and Director at Engie S.A. | Director since 2023. Leads Engie, focusing on energy transition and sustainability. | |
Charles W. Scharf Board | Director | CEO, President, and Director at Wells Fargo & Company | Director since 2014. Member of the Compensation and Governance Committees. Former CEO of Visa and BNY Mellon. | |
Emma N. Walmsley Board | Director | CEO and Director at GSK plc | Director since 2019. Leads GSK, focusing on innovation in healthcare and pharmaceuticals. | |
Hugh F. Johnston Board | Director | CFO at The Walt Disney Company; Director at HCA Healthcare, Inc. | Director since 2017. Chair of the Audit Committee. Former Vice Chairman and CFO at PepsiCo. | |
John W. Stanton Board | Director | Chairman of Trilogy Partnerships and First Avenue Entertainment (Seattle Mariners); Director at Costco Wholesale Corporation | Director since 2014. Telecommunications pioneer and investor. Chair of the Regulatory and Public Policy Committee. | |
Mark A. L. Mason Board | Director | CFO at Citigroup Inc. | Director since 2023. Extensive financial expertise from leadership roles at Citigroup. | |
Penny S. Pritzker Board | Director | Founder and Chairman of PSP Partners, LLC | Director since 2017. Chair of the Environmental, Social, and Public Policy Committee. Former U.S. Secretary of Commerce. | |
Reid G. Hoffman Board | Director | Board Member at Joby Aviation, Inc. and Aurora Innovation, Inc.; Partner at Greylock Partners | Director since 2017. Co-founder of LinkedIn. Focuses on entrepreneurship and technology investments. | |
Sandra E. Peterson Board | Lead Independent Director | Operating Partner at Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, LLC | Director since 2015. Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committee. Former Group Worldwide Chairman at Johnson & Johnson. | |
Teri L. List Board | Director | Board Member at Danaher Corporation, Visa Inc., and lululemon athletica inc. | Director since 2014. Former CFO at Kraft Foods and Gap Inc. Chair of the Compensation Committee. |
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Given the significant capital expenditure growth required to meet AI infrastructure demand, can you elaborate on how you plan to balance these investments with expected revenue growth, and when we might see CapEx growth align more closely with cloud revenue growth?
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With the rising costs of training large AI models and your substantial investments in OpenAI, how do you manage the financial impact of these investments on your margins, especially considering the $1.5 billion expected loss reflected in your other income and expense line?
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Considering the external constraints like data center capacity and power availability that you've faced due to rapid AI demand growth, what steps are you taking to mitigate these challenges and ensure sustainable expansion without compromising on environmental commitments?
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As you build out your AI business towards a $10 billion annual revenue run rate, can you provide more clarity on the monetization strategies for AI products like GitHub Copilot and M365 Copilot, and how they contribute to your top-line growth versus the costs involved in providing these services?
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Given the reported growth in gaming and the record performance of titles like Call of Duty Black Ops 6, which was the biggest Call of Duty release ever, how do you plan to sustain this momentum in the gaming division, and what are the implications for your broader strategy, especially in integrating gaming with your AI and cloud services?
Research analysts who have asked questions during MICROSOFT earnings calls.
Brent Thill
Jefferies
6 questions for MSFT
Karl Keirstead
UBS
6 questions for MSFT
Keith Weiss
Morgan Stanley
6 questions for MSFT
Mark Moerdler
Bernstein Research
6 questions for MSFT
Raimo Lenschow
Barclays
4 questions for MSFT
Kash Rangan
Goldman Sachs
3 questions for MSFT
Michael Turrin
Wells Fargo
3 questions for MSFT
Kasthuri Rangan
Goldman Sachs
2 questions for MSFT
Mark Murphy
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
2 questions for MSFT
Aleksandr Zukin
Wolfe Research
1 question for MSFT
Bradley Sills
Bank of America
1 question for MSFT
Brad Reback
Stifel
1 question for MSFT
Brad Zelnick
Credit Suisse
1 question for MSFT
Brent Bracelin
Piper Sandler Companies
1 question for MSFT
Rishi Jaluria
RBC Capital Markets
1 question for MSFT
S. Kirk Materne
Evercore ISI
1 question for MSFT
Competitors mentioned in the company's latest 10K filing.
| Company | Description |
|---|---|
Distributes versions of its pre-installed application software, such as email and calendar products, through its PCs, tablets, and phones. It also competes in the devices market with high-quality industrial design and innovative technologies across various price points. Additionally, it operates a vertically integrated model combining hardware, software, and services. , , | |
Uses its position in enterprise communications equipment to grow its unified communications business. It also competes with Azure Security offerings in the cloud security and security information and event management solutions space. , | |
Provides a hosted messaging and productivity suite, competes with Azure in cloud services, and offers AI products. It also competes in the devices market and operates a competing platform for search and news advertising. , , | |
Offers communication tools to enable productivity and engagement within organizations and competes in the search and news advertising market. It also provides AI products and operates online gaming ecosystems. , , | |
Proofpoint | Provides security solutions across email security, information protection, and governance. |
Slack | Provides teamwork and collaboration software. |
Symantec | Provides security solutions across email security, information protection, and governance. |
Offers videoconferencing and cloud phone solutions. | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions, with Azure in cloud services, and with server products in enterprise-wide computing solutions. It also competes in database, business intelligence, and data warehousing solutions. , | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions. | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions and in database, business intelligence, and data warehousing solutions. , | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions. | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions. | |
Competes with Dynamics in cloud-based and on-premises business solutions. | |
Competes with Azure in cloud services and AI products. It also operates online gaming ecosystems. , | |
Competes with Azure in cloud services and with server products in enterprise-wide computing solutions. | |
Competes with Azure in cloud services, with server products in enterprise-wide computing solutions, and in database, business intelligence, and data warehousing solutions. | |
Anthropic | Competes with Azure's AI offerings. |
OpenAI | Competes with Azure's AI offerings and in the search and news advertising market. , |
Competes with Azure Security offerings in the cloud security and security information and event management solutions space. | |
Hewlett-Packard | Offers server hardware for the Linux operating system and competes with server products in enterprise-wide computing solutions. |
Competes in database, business intelligence, and data warehousing solutions. | |
Databricks | Competes in database, business intelligence, and data warehousing solutions. |
Tencent | Operates online gaming ecosystems. |
Nintendo | Competes with Xbox and cloud gaming services through its console platforms. |
Competes with Xbox and cloud gaming services through its console platforms. |
Notable M&A activity and strategic investments in the past 3 years.
| Company | Year | Details |
|---|---|---|
Activision Blizzard, Inc. | 2023 | Microsoft completed the all-cash acquisition on October 13, 2023, paying $95.00 per share for a total transaction value of $68.7 billion, which included the conversion of stock awards and the initiation of exchange offers for outstanding notes. The deal is strategically aligned with accelerating growth in gaming across mobile, PC, console, and cloud segments while integrating Activision Blizzard into its More Personal Computing segment. |
Nuance Communications, Inc. | 2022 | Microsoft completed the acquisition on March 4, 2022, in an all-cash deal valued at $18.8 billion, aimed at enhancing its industry-specific cloud and AI capabilities, particularly in healthcare and enterprise sectors. The transaction involved significant goodwill and identifiable intangibles, and it was a key strategic move to bolster Microsoft’s Intelligent Cloud segment while also redeeming nearly all convertible senior notes prior to September 30, 2022. |
Recent press releases and 8-K filings for MSFT.
- Microsoft expands Dragon Copilot with the industry’s first commercial ambient AI experience for nursing, automating documentation, surfacing clinical insights, and reducing administrative burden by converting ambiently captured interactions into EHR flowsheet documentation.
- Extensibility capabilities enable partners to integrate AI apps and agents directly into clinicians’ workflows—covering trusted clinical content (Elsevier, UpToDate), revenue cycle automation (Ensemble, Regard), and patient experience analytics (Press Ganey).
- The general availability of Microsoft’s healthcare agent service in Copilot Studio delivers built-in knowledge sources and clinical safeguards, supporting reliable generative AI at the point of care.
- Research highlights workflow pressures: family medicine visits average 2.7 concerns and eight actions per encounter, while 65% of nurses report high stress and spend 25% of each shift on documentation, underscoring the value of these AI-driven efficiencies.
- Microsoft’s security arm LevelBlue has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Cybereason, strengthening its global leadership in managed detection and response, XDR, incident response, and threat intelligence.
- SoftBank Corp., SoftBank Vision Fund 2 and Liberty Strategic Capital will invest in LevelBlue as part of the transaction, underscoring confidence in its AI-driven security strategy.
- Steven T. Mnuchin will join LevelBlue’s board, bringing decades of expertise in global finance, government policy and strategic investment.
- The deal is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals; financial terms have not been disclosed.
- Microsoft is leasing AI and cloud computing data center capacity from Nscale at the Start Campus in Sines, Portugal, with operations expected in early 2026.
- The Start Campus is majority-owned by Davidson Kempner and Pioneer Point Partners, planning six data center buildings with total investments of €8.5 billion ($9.8 billion).
- The project will deploy 12,600 NVIDIA Blackwell Ultra GB300 GPU chips to boost processing power.
- This initiative follows similar capacity agreements with Nscale in Norway and the UK as part of Microsoft’s broader strategy to scale AI infrastructure amid surging demand.
- Nscale, spun off from a cryptocurrency mining firm, has raised $1.1 billion in Series B funding and an additional $433 million, underscoring strong investment in AI infrastructure.
- Omdia forecasts the hyperscale cloud market will grow from $30 billion in 2024 to $163 billion by 2030, at a 29.1% CAGR from 2025–2030.
- Infrastructure software ($10.5 billion), development & operations ($9.1 billion) and business applications ($9.1 billion) will make up 63% of total spend.
- AI services (notably generative AI and multi-agent protocols) are expected to drive $24.4 billion in spend at a 37% CAGR, while network security is projected to reach $31.0 billion by 2030 at a 31% CAGR.
- Partnerships between hyperscale providers and ISVs are projected to facilitate 60% of market transactions by 2030, supporting customer commitments and co-developing specialized AI platforms.
- Wayve is in preliminary discussions with Microsoft and SoftBank to raise up to $2 billion, valuing the startup at approximately $8 billion.
- This round follows Nvidia’s $500 million AI investment and a $1.1 billion Series C in May 2024, indicating sustained investor support.
- Wayve employs over 400 people globally and plans to double its workforce by year-end.
- Microsoft, poised as a key potential investor, reported $281.7 billion in revenue, a 45.62% operating margin, and strong liquidity metrics (debt/equity 0.18, current ratio 1.35).
- Microsoft and LSEG advanced their multi-year strategic partnership to integrate LSEG’s licensed financial data into Microsoft’s AI tools, including Microsoft 365 Copilot and Copilot Studio.
- The integration leverages an LSEG-managed Model Context Protocol (MCP) server to provide secure and seamless access to financial datasets.
- LSEG’s AI Ready Content spans decades and totals over 33 petabytes of data to power AI-driven workflows.
- The collaboration under LSEG’s LSEG Everywhere strategy aims to enhance decision-making, boost productivity, and lower innovation barriers for financial institutions.
- Microsoft forecasts data center supply constraints in key U.S. regions to persist until at least H1 2026, limiting new Azure subscriptions.
- The shortage impacts both AI GPU workloads and traditional CPU-based cloud services, affecting its wider cloud infrastructure.
- To manage capacity, Microsoft has paused or shut down select internal projects in affected regions.
- Despite the constraints, Azure is expected to generate over $75 billion in revenue in FY 2025, supported by strong financial metrics (current ratio 1.35; debt-to-equity 0.18; Altman Z-Score 10.26).
- Since general availability in May 2025, Boomi Agentstudio has driven the production deployment of over 50,000 AI agents across customers including Lexitas, SPIE and Avalara.
- Boomi and its partners have released over 300 agentic workflow templates on the Boomi Marketplace to accelerate cross-industry AI implementation.
- The platform integrates governance features such as agent anomaly detection, full lifecycle management and cross-platform control via the Agent Control Tower for enhanced security and compliance.
- System integrators like Tech Mahindra leverage Agentstudio to deliver coordinated, production-ready AI solutions at enterprise scale.
- Forrester’s 2026 European forecast indicates that, despite efforts to achieve digital sovereignty, no European firm will entirely replace major U.S. providers such as AWS, Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud by 2026.
- Geopolitical tensions, market volatility, the EU Green Deal, and forthcoming EU AI regulations will limit high-risk innovations, reinforcing dependency on U.S. tech giants.
- Microsoft signed three new 20-year solar power purchase agreements with Shizen Energy, adding 100 MW of clean energy across Kyushu and Chugoku to power its local data centers (one plant operational, two under construction).
- The new deals bring Microsoft’s contracted clean power volume in Japan to 18 times its 2020 level, underscoring growing corporate reliance on long-term PPAs amid the country’s renewable scaling challenges.
- Shizen Energy—developer of over 1.2 GW globally—will have its subsidiary Shizen Operations manage all four solar projects once operational.
- In May 2024, Microsoft also announced a $10 billion renewable energy investment with Brookfield Asset Management to build 10.5 GW of capacity across the US and Europe, described as the largest corporate electricity purchase agreement ever.